Coastal Structures for Disaster

Prevention
The Asia-Oceania Top University League on
Engineering 2016

Our 3A Club

Arnold Giovanni

Tran Thi Huong

Ivana Kurniawan
Mari Harada

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Purpose of Study
Disaster Prevention

Presentation
Outline

Disasters in
Pangandaran
Disaster Prevention
Structure in
Pangandaran
Comparison between
Nations
What can be done?
Conclusions and
Suggestions

Purpose of Study

To analyze Pangandaran Beach coastal structure

and to suggest some improvements in Pangandaran
Beach coastal structure for disaster prevention

Disaster Prevention
Disaster
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community
or a society involving widespread human, material,
economic, or environmental losses and impacts, which
exceeds the ability of the affected community or
society to cope using its own resources.
Prevention
The outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards
and related disasters
Disaster Prevention
The concept and intention to completely avoid
potential adverse impacts (disaster) through actions
taken in advance.
(UNISDR, The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction)

Non-structural Measures
Does not involve any physical constructions. Usually
using laws, policies, public awareness raising,
training, and education.

Structural Measures
Any physical construction to reduce or avoid
possible impacts of hazards, or application of
engineering
techniques
to
achieve
hazardresistance and resilience in structures or systems.

http://www.asiapacificadapt.net/adaptationtechnologies/database/coastal-protection-built-

Pangandaran
Located in Ciamis Regency, West
Java, Indonesia and famous for
tourist destination as a well-known
surfing beach.
(Wijaya, et al., 2012)

Disasters in Pangandaran
Earthquake

17 July 2006, precisely at 15:19

a.m., an earthquake occurred in the
southern coast of Pangandaran at
coordinates 9.33S and 107.26E at
at distance of 10 from Pangandarn
with magnitude of 7.7 Richter scale

The epicenter was located in the

Indian Ocean at the southern part
of Ciamis regency or located about
245 km from Tasikmalaya (Kongko,
2011).

Tsunami

The earthquake was followed by

tsunami of about 1-2 m depth flow
and runoff distance of inland tsunami
approximately 50-200 m from the
beach (Bappeda Ciamis, 2012). The
tsunami disaster caused damages in
six districts of Ciamis regency i.e.,
Pangandaran,
Sidamulih,
Parigi,
Cijulang, Cimerak, and Kalipucang
districts (Faiqoh, et al., 2013)

Disasters in Pangandaran
Potention of Soil Movement in Pangandaran City
Subdistrict

Potention

Kalipuncang

Medium-high

Cijulang

Medium

Cimerak

Medium

Langkap Lancar

Medium-high

Pangandaran

Medium-high

Parigi

Medium

Padaherang

Medium-high

Cigugur

Medium
(Badan Geologi Indonesia, 2014)

Disasters in Pangandaran
Vulnerability of Tsunami
Regarding Land Elevation
Class
Elevation (m)

Vulnerability
Level

1-10

Very high

10-25

High

25-50

Medium

50-100

Low

100-350

Very low
(Faiqoh, et al., 2013)

Disasters in Pangandaran
Other Problems in
Pangandaran
Soil Erosion

Can be caused by
mangrove Mangrove
deterioration or decrease
flow of river (Sukardjo
and Pratiwi, 2015)

Disaster Prevention Structures in

Pangandaran
Series of Groyne found
in Pangandaran beach
to minimize sand
erosion (Wahyudi, et
al., 2012)

Disaster Prevention Structures in

Pangandaran

Revetment for low tide and high tide

Disaster Prevention Structures in

Pangandaran
Small sea wall
found in some
areas of
Pangandaran
Beach

Comparison Between Nations

Comparison Between Nations

Japan

Giant sea wall

along the sea side

Sea wall height

about 10 m

Wide mangrove
vegetation area
outside the sea
wall

Indonesia

Vietnam

Sea wall found in

some areas of the
beach

Sea wall found in

some areas of the
beach

Sea wall height

about 2 m

Sea wall height

about 2 m

Small forest area in

some parts of the
beach

Small forest area in

some parts of the
beach

What can be done?

Sea wall and vegetation
area

Build a strong sea wall

Build mangrove vegetation

outside the sea wall

Build revetment outside the

mangrove vegetation

The area outside the sea

wall only be use for
recreation activities, not
living area

What can be done?

Build breakwater

Does not intrude the

landscape

Reduce the tsunami

energy

Reduce the flooding

Provide more time for

evacuation

What can be done?

Make expressway

Act as secondary barrier

Serves as disaster
management facility

Serves as escape place

What can be done?

Stronger Building
Structure

Earthquake resistant
buildings

Ingenious building design

What can be done?

Usual vs Earthquake Resistant Structure

What can be done?

Build Emergency
Shelters

Provide place to escape

Act as refugee center

Conclusions and Suggestions

Pangandaran has relatively high disaster risk

Pangandaran does not have sufficient disaster

prevention structure

Do research regarding Pangandaran in order to

build effective disaster prevention structure

Integrate disaster prevention structures in the city

plan

Thank You