Aliterature review is an account of what has been published on a topic
by accredited scholars and researchers. Review of Literature is to analyze critically a segment of a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies. A literature review is an evaluative report of information found in the literature related to the selected area of study. The review should describe, summarise, evaluate and clarify this literature. It should give a theoretical base for the research and help the researcher determine the nature of the research. Works are peripheral should be looked at critically. The researcher should undertake extensive literature survey connected with the problem as it is very essential to know whether the defined problem has already been solved, status of the problem, techniques that are useful to investigate the problem and other related details. For this purpose, the abstracting and indexing journals and published or unpublished bibliographies are the first place to go to. Academic journals, conference proceedings, government reports, books etc., must be tapped depending on the nature of the problem. Similar studies, if any, should be carefully studied and efforts should be taken so as not to repeat the same problem. Gaps if any in the earlier studies should be addressed in the current study. A literature review must do these things beorganized around and related directly to the thesis or research question you are developing synthesize results into a summary of what is and is not known identify areas of controversy in the literature formulate questions that need further research SOURCES OF LITERATURE REVIEW Primary Literature are usually in the form of scholarly articles published in reputed journals which are peer reviewed. Secondaryliterature include reference books, textbooks and review articles. More emphasis should be given to Primary literature. Grey literatureis a term used to describe such things as government reports, reports from short-term consultancies, internal planning documents etc. Conference proceedings and theses also come into this category. Grey literature is rarely peer-reviewed, is rarely found in regular academic libraries, and copies can be very difficult to obtain. It is best to avoid the grey literature. Any worthwhile information in the grey literature is likely to be published by its authors in the primary literature eventually. Web sitesother than those associated with mainstream academic literature. Huge quantities of information and misinformation can be found on the Internet. Appendix 1 discusses this in more detail. SOURCES OF LITERATURE REVIEW Journals which publish abstracts of papers published in various journals, Review articles related to the topic chosen, Journals which publish research articles, Advanced level books on the chosen topic, Proceedings of conferences, workshops, etc., Thesis and dissertations of research scholars on the topic chosen Scholarly Articles in newspapers & Magazines Internet e- journals and e-books IMPORTANCE OF REVIEW OF LITERATURE It enables researchers to discover what is already known and dealt with by the other researchers that can be tied to the topic under study. It provides evidence that, the researcher has read adequate relevant literature and is aware of the current state of knowledge on the subject. It enables researchers to place research questions in the context of previous works in the area. It provides information about research design and methods to use and give examples of instruments to employ in the study. It enables researchers to explain and justify the research design procedures adopted in the study. It gives researchers ideas about how to classify and present data. OBJECTIVES OF LITERATURE REVIEW sharpen the problem, reformulate it or even leads to defining other closely related problems, Clarity of ideas can be acquired through study of literature. get proper understanding of the problem chosen, acquire proper theoretical and practical knowledge to investigate the problem, show how the problem under study relates to the previous research studies to ensure that the proposed study has not previously been performed and reported and avoid duplication of same work. identifying the gaps in the earlier similar studies which the researcher wishes to fill up. The details of already published work need to be clearly described and gaps in the existing level of knowledge should be identified and it should be clearly brought out in the synopsis that how proposed study is going to fill up these gaps. help us design methodology for the present work.