ECONOMY, SOCIETY,

AND CULTURAL CHANGE

The Economy As Foundation Of Social Life
 n c e
or t a
I m p ic
he n o m
T E c o e
o f t u r
t ru c
s
Karl Marx, the Father of scientific
socialism argued that are generated by
the economic production of human
beings of a particular society shape the
entire life, beliefs , and activities of that
society.
AND
SO???
 The political system will define
whether the human beings
economic structure development
of a particular society will progress
and grow or be totally traditionally
unfair and stagnant.
 Remember this formula!
Fair political system
+ Fair employment regulations
=Good economic structure
 my
o no
E c
ca l ie s
lit i a lit
Po q u
he In e
T of
According to Marx

The distribution of wealth in

society will always be dependent
on the economic structure of
society.
CLASS
Refers to relations among people who
share the same class interests in
relation to the means of production. It
is dependent on the access to the
ownership of the means of production.
CLASS
A real or objective entities that
shape the way people think about
themselves and how they relate
with others in the real world.
CLASS
Workers do not necessarily have
consciousness over their class
interest and can only be possessed
through collective struggle by
realizing their oppression and
organizes themselves as unions.
3 Types of Class
(According To Marx)
1. Bourgeoisie
the capitalists, referred to as
owners of the means of social
production and employers of wage
labor.
2. Proletariat or the working class

The class of modern wage-

laborers who, having no means of
production of their own, are
reduced to selling their labor-
power in order to live.
3. Lumpenproletariat
Said to be the composed of the
social scum, that passively rotting
mass thrown off by the lowest
layers of old society.
 a s
tio n
ific a s
tra t litie
f S qu a
m o In e
ste of
Sy urce
So
Max Weber
Defines class a category of Individuals who:

Have in common a specific casual

component of their life chances
This component is represented
exclusively by economic interests in
the possession of goods and
opportunities for income
It is represented under the conditions
of the commodity or labor market
Status Vs. Class
Status designated the differentiation of
groups in the communal sphere in
terms of their social honor and social
standing.

Class referred to social differences

based on economic divisions and
inequalities.
Caste system
The caste system in India is a system of
social stratification which historically
separated communities into thousands of
endogamous hereditary groups called jtis,
usually translated into English as "castes".
The jtis are thought of as being grouped
into four varnas: Brahmins, Kshatriyas,
Vaishyas and Shudras.
It is referred to frequently in
the ancient Indian texts. The four
classes were the Brahmins (priestly
people), the Kshatriyas (also called
Rajanyas, who were rulers,
administrators and warriors), the
Vaishyas (artisans, merchants,
tradesmen and farmers), and Shudras
(labouring classes).
Do you know
Over one-sixth of Indias population, some 170
million people, live a precarious existence,
shunned by much of Indian society because of
their rank as untouchables or Dalits
literally meaning broken people _at the
bottom of Indias caste system.
Class System
Individuals are positioned according to their access to the
means of production and contribution to productive labor.

this means..
People with higher income tend to have children who also
have higher income.
 In the Philippines
Education is considered as the ticket to success. Education
provides much needed capital
to climb the economic ladder.
 Hence
Many Filipino families will sacrifice anything for their
children to finish a college degree. This is by their
belief that our society is an open society that allows
the movement of individuals from a lower class to a
relatively higher class.
When people are moving
from one stratum or class to
another class it is called ,

Social mobility.
 1. Refers to relations among people who share the same
class interests in relation to the means of production.
2. the capitalists, referred to as owners of the means of
social production and employers of wage labor.
3. The class of modern wage-laborers who, having no
means of production of their own, are reduced to selling
their labor-power in order to live.
4. Said to be the composed of the social scum, that
passively rotting mass thrown off by the lowest layers of
old society.
5. the Father of scientific socialism
 Assignment

In a 1 whole sheet of paper,

compare and contrast the means of
living of:
Poor families
Middle class families
Super rich families