ROMANESQUE

ARCHITECTURE
800 AD to 1100 AD
Tracing the Roots
Tracing the Roots

Earthen mounds
Stone circles
Megaliths
Stone henge
Cliff dwellings
Tracing the Roots

3,050 BC to 900 BC
Monumental pyramids
Temples shrines
Pyramid of Giza- feats of
engineering capable of greater
heights
Tracing the Roots

Rise of ancient Greece to

fall of the roman empire
Classical Order
Entablature design still
influence the modern
time
Tracing the Roots
Tracing the Roots
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

OMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE IS NOT

ENTRALIZED TO A SINGLE REGION. IT ARO
NDEPENDENTLY ON VARIETY OF LOCATION
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
ITALY
CENTRAL ITALY
NORTHERN ITALY
SOUTHERN ITALY AND SICILY
FRANCE
CENTRAL EUROPE
SPAIN
THE HOLY LAND
BRITISH ISLE
SCANDINAVIA
ROMANESQUE MEANS
ROMAN-LIKE
based on Roman
architectural elements.
created by the Normans

rounded Roman arch

800 to 1200 AD
Romanesque
is a style of architecture developed between the
Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000 AD.
characterized by round arches and vaults and
thick walls
developed from the buildings constructed during
Charlemagne's reign.
rise in the tradition of pilgrimages to the shrines
of important saints.
move fromwooden to stone buildings
Inspired by Byzantine style which focused on
sweeping religious buildings
reflecting that fact that
Romanesque buildings, like those
of the ancient Roman Empire,
tend to display a strong sense of
proportion and order, are solid
and robust, and feature numerous
rounded arches and vaults (a key
difference from Greek
architecture, which does not use
arches and vaults).

meant that the walls hadto be

extremely thick, and windows
quite small (to prevent the
building collapsing)
 Typologies

Churches Monasteries Castles

 Churches, monasteries and castles

Monastery- building or complex of

buildings comprising the domestic
quarters and workplaces
ofmonastics,monksornuns, whether
living incommunitiesor alone (hermits).
includes a place reserved forprayerwhich
may be a chapel,churchor temple, and
may also serve as anoratory.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

STYLE DIFFER FROM REGION TO

REGION.
HOWEVER, THERE ARE COMMON
TRENDS THAT PERSISTS THAT
CHARACTERIZE THE PERIOD:
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

EMICIRCULAR ARCH/ROMAN ARCH

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

the almost
triangular space
between one side
of the outer
curve of an arch,
a wall, and the
ceiling or
framework.

BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

a band of
molding,
resembling an
architrave,
around the lower
curve of an arch.

BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

a wedge-shaped
or tapered stone
used to construc
an arch.

BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC

Keystone- The wedge- shaped,
often embellished voussoir at
the row of an arch, serving to
lock the other voussoirs in place.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

is the semi-circular or
triangular decorative wall
surface over an entrance,
door or window, bounded
a lintel and arch. It often
contains sculpture or othe
imagery or ornaments.
BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
A small column,
usually
decorative. And
is a thin round
shaft o give a
vertical line in
elevation, or as
an element in a
compound pier.

BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
is the central
pillar or mullion
supporting the
tympanum of a
large doorway,
commonly found
in medieval
buildings. It is
often sculpted.

BORATE EXTERIORS ON WESTERN ENTRANC

is the central pillar or mullion
supporting the tympanum of a large
doorway, commonly found in
medieval buildings. It is often
sculpted.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

SCULPTURES TOWERS ARCADES

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

VAULTED MASONRY CEILINGS

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

VAULTED MASONRY CEILINGS

Barrel Vault forming a half
cylinder
Groin vault - is produced by
the intersection at right
angles of two barrelvaults.
Rib Vault-
Fan vault-a type of vault
consisting of a set of concave
ribs spreading out from a
central point like the ribs of
an opened umbrella, used
especially in the English
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

VAULTED MASONRY CEILINGS

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

RUCIFORM PLAN AND ITS PARTS

To accommodate these pilgrims, churches
became larger, and tended to be cross-like in
shape. This shapehad the advantage of allowing
more people to view sacred relics put on display
in the centre of the two arms of the cross.

Transverse arch- Supporting arch which runs

across the vault from side to side, dividing the
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
VAULT
CLERESTORY

TRIFORIUM

ARCADE
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

CENTRAL ITALY
Corinthian capitals,
coloured marble, open
arches, colonnades and
galleries and faades with
sculptures
MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

PISA CATHEDRAL COMPLEX

MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

PISA CATHEDRAL
BAPTISTERY

SPECIAL FEATURE OF ITALIAN

ARCHITECTURE AND REPRESENTS
A PERIOD OF CHRISTIANITY
WHERE THE BAPTISMAL IS OF
SPECIAL IMPORTANCE, THEREFORE
LARGE AND SEPARATE BUILDING
MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

BAPTISTERY, PISA
AMPANILE (BELL TOWER)

PRODUCT OF THE PERIOD

NORTHERN ITALIAN TOWNS,
CAMPANILE ARE CIVIC
MONUMENTS RATHER THAN
INTEGRAL PART OF THE CHURCH
SYMBOL OF POWER AND SERVED
AS WATCH GUARD
MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

CAMPANILE, PISA
MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

PISTOIA CATHEDRAL (10th century)

PISTOIA CATHEDRAL (10th century)
is the main religious building
ofPistoia,Tuscany, centralItaly
Colored
MPLES OF ROMANESQUE BUILDIN

NIATO AL MONTE, FLORENCE

131090)
LENGTH OF THE CHURCH
DIVIDED BY QUATREFOIL
is abasilicainFlorence, central
Italy
tanding atop one of the highest
points in the city
one of the
finestRomanesquestructures
inTuscanyand one of the most
scenic churches in Italy.
There is an
adjoiningOlivetanmonastery, seen
to the right of the basilica when
ascending the stairs.[1]
polychromemarble faade-
practice of decorating architectural
elements, sculpture, etc., in a
variety of colors."
St Minaito
- roman army under emperor
Decius, denounced as a
Christian because of hermit,
Brought to the emperor who
was camped outside Florence
Amphitheater and panther
but not devoured
Beheaded in the presence of
the emperor
Picked up his head and went
to his hermitage
Church begun in 1013 by
bishop
Alibrando- endowerd by
emperor henry II
Adjoining a Benedictine
community then clunians
then 1373 olivetans
( liquersm honey and herbal
teas)
Relics held= bones of saint
miniato
the timbers have often been
decorated
has basilical form,
open timber roof and
decoration of polychrome marble
and mosaic.
The decoration continued
harmoniously until the apsidal
mosaic of 1260.

Cappella del Crocefisso(Chapel of

the Crucifix),

The mosaic depicting St. Miniato to

the right of Christ holding a crown.
The inscription reads: S. MINIATUS
REX ERMINIE.