Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INSULATING
MATERIALS
total 49 6. Insulating Materials 1
Thermal Insulation
The instability of supply of traditional energy supplies in the
past few years and the high cost of alternative ones has had
one positive effect on the industrial nations of the world a
realization of the importance of conservation.
Conductance (c)
It indicates the amount of heat that passes through a given
thickness of material;
Conductance= thermal conductivity / thickness
Units; US: Btu / (h.ft2.oF)
Metric: W/ (m2.oC)
total 49 6. Insulating Materials 3
Example:
Determination of Thermal Conductivity Coefficient for
Different Wall Systems (TS EN ISO 8990)
1 Cold Chamber
2 Freeze Fan
Thermo- Couples (3 unit) [cold
3
chamber]
Thermo- couples (9 unit)
4
[Surface]
5 Wall specimen (1.2 x 1.2 m)
Thermo- couples (9 unit)
6
[Surface]
7 Hot Chamber
total 49 6. Insulating Materials
Thermo- Couples (3 unit) [hot 4
8
Thermal Resistance (RSI for metric unit, R for US
units)
It is that property of a material that resist the flow of
heat through the material. It is the reciprocal of
conductance;
R= 1/c
2. Blanket Insulation
Blanket insulation is made from fibrous material, such as
mineral wool, wood fiber, cotton fiber, or animal hair,
manufactured in the form of a mat.
Mats are made in various thickness and cut in a variety of
widths, sometimes with a paper cover.
5. Slab Insulation
Slab or block insulation is made in rigid units, normally
smaller in area than insulation board, through some of
them may be made from two or more pieces of insulation
board cemented together to make a thick slab.
It is made also from cork, shredded wood, and cement,
mineral wool with binder, cellular glass, foamed concrete,
foamed plastic, cellular hard rubber, concrete made with
perlite, vermicullite, expanded clay as aggregate.
7. Sprayed-On Insulation
Produced by mixing some fibrous or cellular
material with an adhesive and blowing the
mixture on to the surface to be insulated.
Areas that are difficult to be insulated are treated
in this manner (shape, location, etc.).
Aluminium Foil
Coated Craft
Paper
Sound Mechanics:
Sound travels through the air as waves, in the form of
small pressure changes occuring regularly above and
below the normal atmospheric pressure.
The average variation in pressure in a sound wave, above
and below the normal, is called SOUND PRESSURE. It is
related to the loudness of a sound.
The loudness or strength of a sound its intensity is
measured in DECIBELS (dB).
Acoustcal Tiles
They are made from wood, cane, or asbestos fibers, matted and
bonded into sheets of various thickness (5-32 mm).
The sheets are cut into tiles of several sizes. Edges may be square
cut, or tongue-and-grooved.
Assembled Units
Assembled units usually consist of some type of sound-
absorbing material such as a rock-wool or glass-fiber blanket
fastened to an acoustically transparen facing.
This facing is generally some type of rigid board, such as
hardboard or asbestos board, or a metal sheet.
The faces are perforated to allow the penetration of sound
waves (Figure 6.10).