Introduction To Computer & It Today (First Week Lecture-Chap 1 3 4 6 7 8 9)

EPPD1063
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in
whole or in part.
Discovering Computers 2016
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES & COMPUTER NOW
DAYS

or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 2
whole or in part.
Todays Technology
Because technology
changes, you must
keep up with the
changes to remain
digitally literate
Digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies
Pages 2 - 3 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 3
Figure 1-1 whole or in part.
Computers
A computer is an electronic device,

operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
Produces
Accepts
Processin informati
data
g on
(input)
(output)
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 4 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 4
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Computers
Laptop
Tablet
Desktop
and All-in-One
Server

Pages 4 and 6 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 5
Figures 1-2 1-5 whole or in part.
Mobile and Game Devices
Smartphone
Digital camera
Portable and digital media
player
E-book reader
Wearable device
Game device
Pages 7 - 10 6
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figures 1-6 1-11 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

Page 12 7
Figure 1-12 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
A keyboard contains
keys you press to
enter data and
instructions into a
computer or mobile
device

Page 13 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 8
A pointing device is an
input device that
allows a user to control
a small symbol on the
screen called the
pointer
Some mobile devices
and computers enable
you to speak data
instructions using voice
input and to capture
live full-motion images
using video input
Pages 13 14 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 9
A scanner is a light-sensing input device

that converts printed text and images
into a form the computer can process

An output device is any hardware

component that conveys information
from a computer or mobile device to
one or more people
A printer is an output device that
produces text and graphics on a
physical medium, such as paper or
other material
A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as
clothing,
Pages 14 - 15
2016prosthetics,
Cengage Learning. May not eyewear,
be scanned, copied implants,
whole or in part.

A display is an output device that

visually conveys text, graphics, and
video information

Speakers allow you to hear audio such

as music, voice, and other sounds
Earbuds
Headphones

Memory consists of electronic components that

store instructions waiting to be executed and the
data needed by those instructions
A computer keeps data, instructions, and

information on storage media
A storage device records (writes) and/or

retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media

whole or in part.
Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash

Drive Drive
Memory Optical Disc Cloud

Card Storage
The Web
The Internet is a worldwide collection of

computer networks that connects millions of
businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals

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The Web
The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a

global library of information available to anyone
connected to the Internet
The web consists of a worldwide collection of
electronic documents, each of which is called a
webpage
A website is a collection of related webpages
A web server is a computer that delivers

requested webpages to your computer
whole or in part.
The Web

The Web
A browser is software that enables

users with an Internet connection to
access and view webpages on a
computer or mobile device

whole or in part.
The Web
A search engine is software that finds

websites, webpages, images, videos,
news, maps, and other information
related to a specific topic

whole or in part.
The Web
An online social network encourages

members to share their interests, ideas,
stories, photos, music, and videos with
other registered users

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Digital Safety and Security
It is important that users protect their

computers and mobile devices
Viruses and
Other Privacy
Malware
Health Environmen
Concerns tal Issues
whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security
Green computing involves reducing the

electricity consumed and environmental
waste generated when using a computer
Strategies include:
Recycling
Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
Regulating manufacturing processes
Extending the life of computers
Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced
computers

Programs and Apps
Software, also called a program, tells

the computer what tasks to perform and
how to perform them
System Software
Operating system
Tools
Applications

Pages 26 - 27 25
Programs and Apps
Installing a program is the process of

setting up the program to work with the
computer, mobile device, printer, and/or
other hardware
Once installed, you can run a program
so that you can interact with it
You interact with a program through its
user interface

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Programs and Apps
A software developer, sometimes called a

developer or programmer, is someone who
develops programs and apps or writes the
instructions that direct the computer or
mobile device to process data into
information

Communications and
Networks
In the course of a day, it is likely you
use, or use information generated by,
one or more of these communications
technologies
Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS
Instant Videoconfere
messaging Internet Newsgroups RSS nce
Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet messaging
access points services

whole or in part.
Communications and
Networks
A communications device is hardware
capable of transferring items from
computers and devices to transmission
media and vice versa

Communications and
Networks
Examples of wireless communications
technologies include:
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
Cellular
Pages 31 - 32
radio
whole or in part.
Communications and
Networks
A network is a collection of computers
and devices connected together, often
wirelessly, via communications devices
and transmission media

Communications and
Networks
Home Networks Business Networks
Connect to the Internet Facilitate communications
Share a single high-speed Share hardware
Internet connection Share data, information,
Access photos, music, and software
videos, and other content
Share devices
Play multiplayer games
Connect game consoles to
the Internet
Subscribe to and use VoIP
Interact with other devices
in a smart home

whole or in part.
Technology Uses
Governmen
Education Finance Retail
t
Entertainm
Health Care Science Travel
ent
Manufacturi
Publishing ng

Technology Users
Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Office User
Power User Enterprise

User
COMPUTERS AND MOBILE

DEVICES
whole or in part.
Computers and Mobile
Devices
Types of computers and mobile
devices include: Smartphones,
digital cameras, e-
Laptops, tablets, Servers and book readers,
and desktops terminals portable and digital
media players and
wearable devices
Embedded
Game devices
computers

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whole or in part.
Mobile Computers and
Desktops
A mobile computer is a portable
personal computer, designed so that a
user easily can carry it from place to
place
A personal computer (PC) is a mobile
computer or desktop that can perform
all of its input, processing, output, and
storage activities by itself and is
intended to be used by one person at a
time
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37
whole or in part.
Desktops

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38
Desktops
A laptop, also called a notebook
computer, is a thin, lightweight mobile
computer with a screen in its lid and a
keyboard in its base

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39
Desktops
A tablet is a thin, lighter-weight mobile
computer that has a touch screen

40
40
Desktops
A handheld computer is a computer
small enough to fit in one hand

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41
Desktops
A desktop, or desktop computer, is a
personal computer designed to be in a
stationary location, where all of its
components fit on or under a desk or
table

42
42
Servers
A server is a computer dedicated to

providing one or more services to other
computers or devices on a network
Rack server
Blade server
Tower server

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43
Servers

44
44
Table 3-1 whole or in part.
Servers
Virtualization is the practice of sharing

or pooling computing resources, such as
servers and storage devices
Server virtualization uses software to
enable a physical server to emulate the
hardware and computing capabilities of one
or more servers, known as virtual servers
A server farm is a network of several
servers together in a single location
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45
whole or in part.
Servers
A mainframe is a large, expensive,

powerful server that can handle
hundreds or thousands of connected
users simultaneously

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46
Terminals
A terminal is a computer, usually with limited

processing power, that enables users to send
data to and/or receive information from a server,
or host computer
A thin client is a terminal that looks like a desktop
but has limited capabilities and components
Most retail stores use a POS terminal to record
purchases, process credit or debit cards, and
update inventory

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Terminals
An ATM (automated teller machine) is a

self-service banking terminal that
connects to a host computer through a
network

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48
Terminals
A self-service kiosk is a freestanding

terminal that usually has a touch screen
for user interaction

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49
Supercomputers
A supercomputer is the fastest, most

powerful computer and the most
expensive
Capable of processing many trillions of
instructions in a single second

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50
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing refers to an

environment that provides resources
and services accessed via the Internet

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51
Mobile Devices
A smartphone is an Internet-capable
phone that usually also includes a calendar,
an address book, a calculator, a notepad,
games, browser, and numerous other apps
Many smartphones have touch screens.
Instead of or in addition to an on-screen
keyboard, some have a built-in mini
keyboard on the front of the phone or a
keyboard that slides in and out from behind
the phone
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52
whole or in part.
Mobile Devices

53
53
Mobile Devices
Multimedia
Short Message
Message Service
Service (SMS)
(MMS)
Mobile to Mobile to
mobile mobile
Mobile to email Mobile to email
Mobile to
provider
Web to mobile
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54
whole or in part.
Mobile Devices
A digital camera is a mobile device that

allows users to take photos and store the
photographed images digitally
Smart digital camera
Point-and-shoot camera
SLR camera

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55
Mobile Devices

56
56
Mobile Devices
Resolution is the number of horizontal

and vertical pixels in a display

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57
Mobile Devices
A portable media player is a mobile

device on which you can store,
organize, and play or view digital media

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58
Mobile Devices
A digital media player or streaming

media player is a device, typically used
in a home, that streams digital media
from a computer or network to a
television, projector, or some other
entertainment device

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59
Mobile Devices
An e-book reader
(short for electronic
book reader), or e-
reader, is a mobile
device that is used
primarily for
reading e-books
and other digital
publications

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60
Figure 3-21
whole or in part.
Mobile Devices
A wearable device or wearable is a

small, mobile computing device
designed to be worn by a consumer

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61
Game Devices
A game console is a mobile computing

device designed for single-player or
multiplayer video games
A handheld game device is a small mobile
device that contains a screen, speakers,
controls, and game console all in one unit
Game controllers include gamepads,
joysticks and wheels, dance pads, and a
variety of motion-sensing controllers

62
62
whole or in part.
Game Devices

63
63
Embedded Computers
An embedded computer is a special-

purpose computer that functions as a
component in a larger product
Home
Consumer
automation Automobiles
electronics
devices
Computer
Process
devices and
controllers
office
and robotics
machines
64
64
whole or in part.
Embedded Computers

65
65
Putting It All Together

66
66
Ports and Connections
A port is the point at which a peripheral

device attaches to or communicates with a
computer or mobile device so that the
peripheral device can send data to or receive
information from the computer or mobile
device

67
67
A connector joins a cable to a port. A

connector at one end of a cable
attaches to a port on the computer or
mobile device, and a connector at the
other end of the cable attaches to a port
on the peripheral device

68
68
whole or in part.

69
69
A USB port, short for universal serial

bus port, can connect up to 127
different peripheral devices together
with a single connector
Instead of connecting peripheral devices
directly to ports on a mobile computer,
some mobile users prefer the flexibility
of port replicators and docking stations

70
70
whole or in part.

71
71
Instead of connecting computers and

mobile devices to peripheral devices
with a cable, some peripheral devices
use wireless communications
technologies
Blueto
Wi-Fi NFC
oth
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72
whole or in part.
Protecting Hardware
To help reduce the chances of theft,

companies and schools use a variety of
security measures
Physical access controls
Alarm system
Physical security devices
Security or device-tracking app
Require identification

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73
Protecting Hardware
Hardware can fail for a variety of

reasons: aging hardware; random
events such as electrical power
problems; and even errors in programs
or apps
Undervoltage
Overvoltage or power surge

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74
whole or in part.
Protecting Hardware
A surge
protector, also
called a surge
suppressor, uses
electrical
components to
provide a stable
current flow and
minimize the
chances of an
overvoltage
75
Page 140
reaching
Figure 3-28
the
whole or in part.
75
Protecting Hardware
An uninterruptible
power supply
(UPS) is a device
that contains surge
protection circuits
and one or more
batteries that can
provide power
during a temporary
or permanent loss of
power
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Figure 3-29
whole or in part.
Health Concerns of Using
Technology
A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury or
disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendons,
ligaments, and joints
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a
technology-related health condition that affects
eyesight
Ergonomics is an applied science devoted to
incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into
the design of items in the workplace
Technology addiction occurs when the
technology consumes someones entire social life
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whole or in part.
Health Concerns of Using
Technology

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PROGRAMS AND APPS

whole or in part.
Programs and Apps
A program, or software, consists of a series of related
instructions, organized for a common purpose, that
tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
An application, or app, sometimes called application
software, consists of programs designed to make users
more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks
An operating system is a set of programs that
coordinates all the activities among computer or mobile
device hardware
Tools and activities
System software
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80
whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

81
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Programs and Apps

82
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Programs and Apps
Software is available in a variety of

forms:
Web
Retail Custom
app
Mobile Mobile Sharewa

app web app re
Freewar Open Public

e source domain
83
83
whole or in part.
Productivity Applications
Productivity applications can assist you

in becoming more effective and efficient
while performing daily activities at work,
school, and home
Word Presentatio Spreadshee
Database Note taking
processing n t
Calendar
Project
and contact Personal
manageme Accounting Legal
manageme finance
nt
nt
Document
Tax Enterprise
manageme
preparation computing
nt
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84
whole or in part.
With productivity applications, users

often:
Create Format Distribu

Edit a Save a
a a te a
project project
project project project

85
85
whole or in part.
Word processing
software allows
users to create and
manipulate
documents
A major advantage of
using word
processing software
is that it enables
users to change their
written words easily
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Figure 4-5
whole or in part.
Presentation
software allows
users to create
visual aids for
presentations to
communicate
ideas, messages,
and other
information to a
group
87
87
Spreadsheet software allows users to

organize data in columns and rows and
perform calculations on the data

88
88
A database is a collection of data organized

in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and
use of that data
Database software allows users to create,
access, and manage a database

89
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Note taking software is an application that

enables users to enter typed text, handwritten
comments, drawings, sketches, photos, and
links anywhere on a page

90
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Calendar and contact management

software is an application that helps
you organize your calendar, keep track
of contacts, and share this information
with other users

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91
A software suite is a collection of individual

related applications available together as a
unit
Project management software is an
application that allows a user to plan,
schedule, track, and analyze the events,
resources, and costs of a project

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Accounting software is an application

that helps businesses of all sizes record
and report their financial transactions

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Personal finance software is a simplified
accounting application that helps home users and
small/home office users balance their checkbooks,
pay bills, track personal income and expenses, verify
account balances, transfer funds, track investments,
and evaluate financial plans

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Legal software is an application that

assists in the preparation of legal
documents and provides legal
information to individuals, families, and
small businesses

95
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Tax preparation software is an

application that can guide individuals,
families, or small businesses through
the process of filing federal and state
taxes

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Document management software is an

application that provides a means for sharing,
distributing, and searching through
documents by converting them into a format
that can be viewed by any user

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A large organization, commonly referred

to as an enterprise, requires special
computing solutions because of its size
and geographic distribution

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whole or in part.
Graphics and Media Software

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Figures 4-20 4-21 whole or in part. 0
Multimedia authoring
software allows users to
combine text, graphics,
audio, video, and
animation in an interactive
application
Website authoring
software helps users of all
skill levels create
webpages that include
graphics, video, audio,
animation, and special
effects with interactive
content
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10
101
Figure 4-22
whole or in part. 1
A media player is a
program that allows you
to view images and
animations, listen to
audio, and watch video
files on your computer
or mobile device
Disc burning software
writes text, graphics,
audio, and video files on
a recordable or
rewritable disc

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10
102
Figure 4-23
whole or in part. 2
Personal Interest
Applications

10
103
whole or in part. 3
Communications Applications

10
104
whole or in part. 4
Security Tools
A personal firewall is a security tool

that detects and protects a personal
computer and its data from
unauthorized intrusions

10
105
Figure 4-24 whole or in part. 5
Security Tools
An antivirus program protects a

computer against viruses by identifying
and removing any computer viruses
found in memory, on storage media, or
on incoming files

10
106
Security Tools
Spyware is a type of program placed on a

computer or mobile device without the
users knowledge that secretly collects
information about the user and then
communicates the information it collects to
some outside source while the user is online
Adware is a type of program that displays an
online advertisement in a banner or pop-up
or pop-under window on webpages, email
messages, or other Internet services
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whole or in part. 7
Security Tools

10
108
whole or in part. 8
Security Tools

10
109
whole or in part. 9
File, Disk, and System
Management Tools
A file manager is a tool that performs
functions related to file management

11
110
Management Tools
A search tool is a
program, usually
included with an
operating system, that
attempts to locate a
file, contact, calendar
event, app, or any
other item stored on
your computer or
mobile device based
on criteria you specify

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11
111
Figure 4-28
whole or in part. 1
Management Tools
An image viewer is a
tool that allows users
to display, copy, and
print the contents of a
graphics file, such as
a photo
An uninstaller is a
tool that removes a
program, as well as
any associated entries
in the system files

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11
112
Figure 4-29
whole or in part. 2
Management Tools
A disk cleanup tool searches for and
removes unnecessary files

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Management Tools
A disk defragmenter is a tool that
reorganizes the files and unused space on a
computers hard disk so that the operating
system accesses data more quickly and
programs run faster
Defragmenting

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Management Tools

11
115
whole or in part. 5
Management Tools
A backup tool allows
users to copy, or back
up, selected files or
the contents of an
entire storage medium
to another storage
location
A restore tool
reverses the process
and returns backed up
files to their original
form
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Figure 4-32
whole or in part. 6
COMPUTING
COMPONENTS
whole or in part.
Inside the Case
The case contains and protects the electronics

of the computer or mobile device from
damage

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Inside the Case

11
119
Inside the Case
The motherboard is the main circuit

board of the computer
A computer chip contains integrated
circuits

12
120
Processors
The processor, also called the central

processing unit (CPU), interprets and
carries out the basic instructions that
operate a computer
A multi-core processor is a single
chip with two or more separate
processor cores
Processors contain a control unit and an
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
12
121
whole or in part. 1
Processors

12
122
Processors
The control unit is the component of

the processor that directs and
coordinates most of the operations in
the computer
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
performs arithmetic, comparison, and
other operations

12
123
whole or in part. 3
Processors
For every instruction, a processor

repeats a set of four basic operations,
which comprise a machine cycle

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Processors

12
125
whole or in part. 5
Processors
The leading
manufacturers of
personal computer
processor chips are
Intel and AMD

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126
whole or in part. 6
Processors
A processor chip generates heat that

could cause the chip to malfunction or
fail
Require additional cooling
Heat sinks
Liquid cooling technology
Cooling pads

12
127
Cloud Computing
Home and business users choose cloud

computing for a variety of reasons

12
128
whole or in part. 8
Data Representation

12
129
whole or in part. 9
Data Representation
The circuitry in a computer or
mobile device represents the on Eight bits grouped together as
or the off states electronically a unit are called a byte. A byte
by the presence or absence of represents a single character in
an electronic charge the computer or mobile device

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130
Figures 6-8 6-9
whole or in part. 0
Data Representation

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Memory
Memory consists of electronic

components that store instructions
waiting to be executed by the
processor, data needed by those
instructions, and the results of
processing the data
Stores three basic categories of items:

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132
whole or in part. 2
Memory
Each location in memory has an address

Memory size commonly is measured in
gigabytes (GB) or terabytes (TB)

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Memory
Computers and mobile devices contain two

types of memory:

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134
whole or in part. 4
Memory

13
135
Memory
Two common types of RAM exist:

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Table 6-1 whole or in part. 6
Memory
RAM chips usually reside on a memory

module and are inserted into memory
slots

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137
Memory
Memory cache speeds the processes of the

computer because it stores frequently used
instructions and data

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Memory

13
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whole or in part. 9
Memory
Flash memory can be erased

electronically and rewritten
CMOS technology uses battery power to
retain information when when the power to
the computer is off

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whole or in part. 0
Memory
Access time is the amount of time it

takes the processor to read from
memory
Measured in nanoseconds

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141
Table 6-2 and Figure 6-15
whole or in part. 1
Adapters
An adapter card
enhances functions of a
component of a desktop
or server system unit
and/or provides
connections to
peripherals
Sound card and video card
An expansion slot is a
socket on a desktop or
server motherboard that
can hold an adapter card

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Table 6-3
whole or in part. 2
Adapters
With Plug and Play, the computer

automatically can recognize peripheral
devices as you install them

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143
Adapters
A USB adapter enhances functions of a

mobile computer and/or provides
connections to peripheral devices

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144
Buses
A bus allows the various
devices both inside and
attached to the system
unit to communicate
with one another
Data bus
Address bus
Word size is the
number of bits the
processor can interpret
and execute at a given
time

Pages 299 - 300
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145
Figure 6-18
whole or in part. 5
Buses
A computer might have these three

types of buses:

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146
whole or in part. 6
Power Supply and Batteries
The power supply or laptop AC

adapter converts the wall outlet AC
power into DC power

14
147
Power Supply and Battery
Mobile computers and devices can run

using either a power supply or batteries
Batteries typically are rechargeable
lithium-ion batteries

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148
INPUT AND OUTPUT

whole or in part.
What Is Input?
Input is any data

and instructions
entered into the
memory of a
computer

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15
150
Figure 7-1
whole or in part. 0
What Is Input?
Commonly used input methods include:

Keyboards
A keyboard is an input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer or
mobile device

Keyboards
Most desktop computer keyboards have

Keyboards
There are a variety of keyboard options for computers and mobile devices

Keyboards
An ergonomic keyboard has a design that

reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries
of wrist and hand
Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency,
and safety in the design of the workplace

Pointing Devices

Pointing Devices
A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably
Optical mouse, laser mouse, and touch

mouse

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Pointing Devices

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Figures 7-6 7-7 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Touch Screens
A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display

Pen Input
With pen input, you touch a stylus or digital

pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make
selections

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Pen Input
A graphics tablet,
also called a
digitizer, is an
electronic plastic
board that detects
and converts
movements of a
style or digital pen
into signals that
are sent to the
computer 2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
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16
161
Figure 7-11
whole or in part. 1
Motion, Voice, and Video
Input
With motion input, sometimes called gesture recognition, users can guide on-screen elements using air gestures

Input
Voice input is the
process of entering
input by speaking
into a microphone
Voice recognition,
also called speech
recognition, is the
computer or mobile
devices capability of
distinguishing
spoken words
Page 330
16
163
Figure 7-12
whole or in part. 3
Input
Audio input is the
process of entering
any sound into the
computer such as
speech, music, and
sound effects
Music production
software allows users
to record, compose,
mix, and edit music
and sounds
Page 330
16
164
Figure 7-13
whole or in part. 4
Input
Video input is the process of capturing full-motion
images and storing them on a computer or mobile
devices storage medium

Input
A webcam is a type of DV camera that enables a user to:

Input
A videoconference is a meeting between two or more geographically separated people

Scanners and Reading
Devices
A scanner is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results
into a form the computer can process
A flatbed scanner works in a manner similar

to a copy machine except it creates a file of
the document in memory instead of a paper
copy

Devices

Devices
An optical reader is a device that uses a light
source to read characters, marks, and codes
and then converts them into digital data that
a computer can process
Optical character recognition (OCR)
Optical mark recognition (OMR)

Devices
A bar code
reader, also called
a bar code scanner
uses laser beams
to read bar codes
A QR code stores
information in both
a vertical and
horizontal direction

Page 335
17
171
Figures 7-17 7-18
whole or in part. 1
Devices
RFID (radio frequency identification) uses radio signals
to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to
an object
An RFID reader reads information on the tag via radio
waves
RFID can track:

Devices
Magstripe readers read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as:

Devices
MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) devices read
text printed with magnetized ink
An MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form
the computer can process
Banking industry uses MICR for check processing

Devices
A data collection device obtains data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes place

What Is Output?
Output is data
that has been
processed into a
useful form

Page 339
17
176
Figure 7-23
whole or in part. 6
Displays
A display visually conveys text, graphics, and video information
A monitor is a display that is packaged as a separate peripheral device
LCD monitor

Displays
The quality of a display depends primarily on

its:

Displays
Todays monitors use a digital signal to produce a picture
To display the highest quality images, the monitor should plug into:
A DVI port
An HDMI port
A DisplayPort

Displays
Home users
sometimes use a
digital television
(DTV) as a display
HDTV is the most
advanced form of
digital television
A Smart TV is an
Internet-enabled
HDTV
Page 343
18
180
Figure 7-25
whole or in part. 0
Printers
A printer
produces text
and graphics on
a physical
medium
Before
purchasing a
printer, ask
yourself a
series of
questions
Pages 344 - 345
18
181
Figure 7-26
whole or in part. 1
Printers
A nonimpact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually contacting the paper

Printers
An ink-jet printer forms characters and

graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink
onto a piece of paper
Color or black-and-white
Speed is measured by the number of pages per
minute (ppm) it can print

Printers

Printers

Printers

Printers
An all-in-one printer is a single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes
Also called a multifunction printer

Printers
A 3-D printer uses a process called additive manufacturing to create an object by adding material to a three-
dimensional object, one horizontal layer at a time

Printers
A thermal printer generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against the heat-sensitive paper

Printers
A mobile printer is a small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a mobile user to print from a
mobile device

Printers
A label printer is a small printer that prints on an adhesive-type material that can be placed on a variety of
items

Printers
Plotters are used to produce high-quality drawings
Large-format printers create photo-realistic quality color prints

Printers
Impact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked
ribbon that physically contacts the paper

Other Output Devices
Many users attach surround sound speakers or speaker systems to their computers, game consoles, and mobile
devices to generate higher-quality sounds

Headphones are
speakers that
cover or are placed
outside of the ear
Earbuds (also
called earphones)
rest inside the ear
canal

Page 352
19
195
Figure 7-40
whole or in part. 5
A data projector
is a device that
projects the text
and images
displaying on a
computer or mobile
device screen on a
larger screen so
that an audience
can see the image
clearly 2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 352
19
196
Figure 7-41
whole or in part. 6
An interactive
whiteboard is a
touch-sensitive
device, resembling
a dry-erase board,
that displays the
image on a
connected
computer screen

Page 353
19
197
Figure 7-42
whole or in part. 7
Joysticks, wheels, gamepads, and motion-sensing game controllers can be considered output devices when they
include force feedback
Technology that sends resistance to the

device in response to actions of the user

Assistive Technology Input and
Output
Head-mounted
pointer Braille printer

19
199
DIGITAL STORAGE

whole or in part.
Storage

20
201
whole or in part. 1
Storage
A storage device is the hardware that

records and/or retrieves items to and
from storage media

20
202
whole or in part. 2
Storage

20
203
Storage
Capacity is the number of bytes a

storage medium can hold

20
204
Storage
Items on a storage medium remain

intact even when you turn off a
computer or mobile device

20
205
Storage
Access time
measures:
The amount of time
it takes a storage
device to locate an
item on a storage
medium
The time required
to deliver an item
from memory to the
processor
20
206
Hard Drives
A hard disk, also called a hard disk drive

(HDD) contains one or more inflexible, circular
platters that use magnetic particles to store data,
instructions, and information

20
207
Hard Drives
The storage capacity of hard disks

varies and is determined by:
The number of platters the hard disk
contains
Whether the disk uses longitudinal or
perpendicular recording
Density

20
208
whole or in part. 8
Hard Drives
Formatting is the process of dividing the disk

into tracks and sectors

20
209
Hard Drives
Characteristics of a hard disk include:

21
210
whole or in part. 0
Hard Drives

21
211
Hard Drives
A head crash occurs when a read/write

head touches the surface of a platter
Always keep a backup of your hard disk

21
212
Hard Drives
An SSD (solid state drive) is a flash

memory storage device that contains its own
processor to manage its storage
An SSD (solid state drive) has several
advantages over traditional (magnetic) hard
disks:

21
213
whole or in part. 3
Hard Drives
An external hard disk is a separate

freestanding storage device that
connects with a cable to a USB port or
other port on a computer or mobile
device

21
214
Hard Drives
RAID (redundant array of independent

disks) is a group of two or more
integrated hard disks or SSDs

21
215
Portable Flash Memory
Storage
A memory card is a removable flash
memory storage device that you insert
and remove from a slot in a computer,
mobile device, or card reader/writer

21
216
whole or in part. 6
Storage

21
217
Storage

21
218
Storage
USB flash drives plug into a USB port
on a computer or mobile device

21
219
Cloud Storage
Cloud storage is an Internet service

that provides storage to computer or
mobile device users

22
220
whole or in part. 0
Optical Discs
An optical disc consists of a flat,

round, portable disc made of metal,
plastic, and lacquer that is written and
read by a laser

22
221
Optical Discs

22
222
Optical Discs
Optical discs
commonly store
items in a single
track that spirals
from the center of
the disc to the
edge of the disc
Track is divided
into evenly sized
sectors
22
223
Optical Discs

22
224
whole or in part. 4
Optical Discs

22
225
whole or in part. 5
Enterprise Storage
Enterprise hardware allows large

organizations to manage and store data
and information using devices intended
for heavy use, maximum efficiency, and
maximum availability
RAID duplicates data, instructions, and
information to improve data reliability

22
226
Enterprise Storage
Network attached storage (NAS) is a

server that is placed on a network with
the sole purpose of providing storage to
users, computers, and devices attached
to the network

22
227
Enterprise Storage
A storage area network (SAN) is a

high-speed network with the sole
purpose of providing storage to other
attached servers

22
228
Enterprise Storage
Tape is a
magnetically coated
ribbon of plastic
capable of storing
large amounts of
data and information
A tape drive reads
and writes data and
information on a
magnetic tape

Page 392
22
229
Figure 8-21
whole or in part. 9
Other Types of Storage
A magnetic stripe card has a

magnetic stripe that contains
information
A smart card stores data on an
integrated circuit embedded in the card

23
230
The RFID tag consists of an antenna and a

memory chip that contains the information to
be transmitted via radio waves
An RFID reader reads the radio signal and
transfers the information to a computer or
computing device

23
231
An NFC-enabled device contains an NFC

chip
An NFC tag contains a chip and an
antenna that contains information to be
transmitted
Most NFC tags are self-adhesive

23
232
OPERATING SYSTEMS

whole or in part.
Operating Systems
An operating system (OS) is a set of

programs that coordinate all the activities
among computer or mobile device hardware

23
234
whole or in part. 4
Operating Systems

23
235
Operating System Functions
Starting Computers and Mobile Devices

If a computer or mobile device is off, you
press a power button to turn it on

23
236
An operating system includes various

power options

23
237
whole or in part. 7
A user interface
(UI) controls how
you enter data and
instructions and
how information is
displayed on the
screen
With a graphical
user interface
(GUI), you interact
with menus and
visual images

23
238
In a command-line interface, a user

types commands represented by short
keywords or abbreviations or presses
special keys on the keyboard to enter
data and instructions

23
239
How an operating system handles

programs directly affects your
productivity

24
240
whole or in part. 0

24
241
Memory management optimizes the use of

the computer or devices internal memory
Virtual memory is a portion of a storage
medium functioning as additional RAM

24
242
The operating system determines the

order in which tasks are processed

24
243

24
244
whole or in part. 4
A performance monitor is a program

that assesses and reports information
about various computer resources and
devices

24
245
Operating systems typically provide a

means to establish Internet connections

24
246
Many programs, including operating

systems, include an automatic update
feature that regularly provides new
features or corrections to the program

24
247
Operating systems often provide users

with a variety of tools related to
managing a computer, its devices, or its
programs

24
248
whole or in part. 8
Some operating A network

systems are administrator uses
designed to work the server
with a server on a operating system
network to:
These multiuser Add and remove
operating systems users, computers,
and other devices
allow multiple
Configure the
users to share a
network, install
printer, Internet software and
access, files, and administer
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied network 24
programs
whole or in part. security 249
9
A user account
enables a use to
sign in to, or
access resources
on, a network or
computer
A user name, or
user ID, identifies a
specific user
A password is a
private combination
of characters
Pages 423 - 424
25
Figure 9-13 associated with whole theor in part. 0
Types of Operating Systems

25
251
Desktop Operating Systems
A desktop operating system is a

complete operating system that works
on desktops, laptops, and some tablets

25
252
whole or in part. 2
The latest versions of Windows offer these

features
Uses tiles to access apps
Includes the desktop interface
Support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard
Email app, calendar app, and browser included
Photos, files, and settings you can sync with OneDrive
Enhanced security through an antivirus program,
firewall, and automatic updates
Windows Store offers additional applications for
purchase
25
253
whole or in part. 3

25
254
whole or in part. 4
The Macintosh operating system has

earned a reputation for its ease of use
Latest version is OS X

25
255
whole or in part. 5

25
256
Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating

system designed to work primarily with
web apps

25
257
Server Operating Systems

25
258
whole or in part. 8
Mobile Operating Systems
The operating system on mobile devices

and many consumer electronics is called
a mobile operating system and
resides on firmware

25
259
whole or in part. 9
Android is an
open source, Linux-
based mobile
operating system
designed by
Google for
smartphones and
tablets

Page 434
26
260
Figure 9-17
whole or in part. 0
iOS, developed by
Apple, is a
proprietary mobile
operating system
specifically made
for Apples mobile
devices

Page 434
26
261
Figure 9-18
whole or in part. 1
Windows Phone,
developed by
Microsoft, is a
proprietary mobile
operating system
that runs on some
smartphones

Page 435
26
262
Figure 9-19
whole or in part. 2

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EPPD1063

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

A computer is an electronic device,

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

A scanner is a light-sensing input device

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

An output device is any hardware

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

A display is an output device that

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Speakers allow you to hear audio such

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Memory consists of electronic components that

A computer keeps data, instructions, and

A storage device records (writes) and/or

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash

Memory Optical Disc Cloud

The Internet is a worldwide collection of

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

A browser is software that enables

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

A search engine is software that finds

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An online social network encourages

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

It is important that users protect their

Green computing involves reducing the

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Software, also called a program, tells

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Installing a program is the process of

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A software developer, sometimes called a

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Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Power User Enterprise

COMPUTERS AND MOBILE

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A server is a computer dedicated to

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2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Virtualization is the practice of sharing

A mainframe is a large, expensive,

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