Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TYPES
D.C STARTERS
Prepared By:
B.Sai Pranahita
A.C. STARTERS
Asst. Professor; SSIT(EE)
Schematic Diagrams of control circuit and Power Circuit for starters with
contractors and timers
Three Point Starter
DC Starters
2) The handle is now moved clockwise to the first stud, the shunt field winding is directly
connected across the supply while the whole starting resistance is inserted in series with
the armature circuit and at the same time the field circuit is directly connected across the
supply through the brass arc segment S and the NVC is also energized.
3) As the handle is gradually moved over to the final stud, the starting resistance is cut out
If the motor is overloaded (or any fault occurs) it will draw excessive
current from the supply. This current will increase the ampere turns
of the overload release coil and pull the armature, thus short
circuited the no volt release coil. The no volt coil is demagnetized
and the handle is pulled to the OFF position by the spring .thus the
motor is automatically disconnected from the supply
Drawback of Three Point Starter
For motors with large variation of speed adjustment, with the
rheostat there is a chance of the electromagnets becoming weak
and the starting arm falling off during the running operation,
thus disconnecting the motor from the supply.
complete and line current that starts flowing through the starter. In this situation we can
see that the current will be divided into 3 parts, flowing through 3 different points.
1st part flows through the starting resistance (R1+ R2+ R3..) and then to the armature.
And a 3rd part flowing through the no voltage coil in series with the protective resistance R.
Thus, with this arrangement, the NVC is independent of the shunt field
circuit and thus, it is not affected by the change In the shunt field circuit.
The possibility of accidentally opening the field circuit is quite remote and
thus the four point starter is greatly accepted compared to the three point
starter.
DIRECT ON LINE STARTER (D.O.L STARTER)
L1, L2 L3 Lines
M Main contacts
Ma Auxiliary or maintaining contact
S1 START push button
S2 OFF push Button
OLC Overload relay coil
OL Overload relay contact
C Magnetic coil or operating coil
Operation
When the start button is pushed, S1 is pressed, and the circuits
completes as follows:
L1S2S1CO.LL2
Thus, the coil C is energized and it closes the contacts M and connects
it across the line.
An auxiliary contact MA is used to keep the holding or operating coil
energized even after it is released.
When the OFF button is pressed, S2 is pressed and supply through
the contactor coil C is disconnected and is de-energized. Thus, supply
to the motor is disconnected and the motor stops.
Under Voltage Protection:
When the supply voltage is below a certain value or in the event of failure
of power supply, the coil C is de-energized and the motor will be
disconnected from the main supply.
Over Load Protection:
In case of overload on the motor, overload relay coils are energized . The
normally closed contacts O.L is opened and the contactor coil C are de-
energized to disconnect the motor from supply.
DISADVANTAGES:
1. The rate of temperature rise is high
2. Motor may get damaged if the starting period is large
3. Small size squirrel cage induction motor upto 5kW may be started by this method.
PRIMARY RESISTANCE AUTOMATIC STARTER
L1, L2 L3 Lines
S1, S2 S3 Start contacts
Sa Auxiliary or maintaining contact
TRc Time Delay Relay Coil
TR Time Delay Contact
PB1 ON push Button
PB2 OFF push Button
R1, R2 R3 Running Contacts
r1, r2 r3 Running Contacts
OLC Overload relay coil
OL Overload relay contact
CS Magnetic coil or operating coil
CR Magnetic coil or operating coil
When the start button is pushed, S1 is pressed, and the circuits completes as follows:
L1S2S1CO.LL2
Thus, the coil C is energized and it closes the contacts M and connects it across the line.
An auxiliary contact MA is used to keep the holding or operating coil energized even after it is
released.
When the OFF button is pressed, S2 is pressed and supply through the contactor coil C is
disconnected and is de-energized. Thus, supply to the motor is disconnected and the motor stops.