Seismicity and Design of Shear Walls

By: Prof. Dr. Hisham

Arafat Mahdi
Consultant of Bridges
& Geotechnical
Engineering
Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
Causes of Earthquakes

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Definite belts of seismic activity separate large oceanic
and continental regions
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Faults

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Fault Movement

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Seismic Waves

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Primary P-wave

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Secondary S-wave

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Surface-wave

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Seismic Vibration of a building and
Earthquake Forces

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Earthquake Magnitudes Scale

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Earthquake Magnitudes Scale

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Earthquake Magnitudes Scale

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Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
Effect of EQ-Tsunami

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Effect of EQ-Tsunami

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Tsunami

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Effect of Earthquake

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Behavior of Building during EQ

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Induced Forces due to EQ

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Computation of Elastic Response Spectrum

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Response Spectra

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Fundamental Period of a Building

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Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
 Seismic Zones in MISR

S (T 1) f ( ag, S , 1 R)
ag = ground acceleration, g= gravitational acceleration = 981 cm/sec 2 or 9.81 m/sec2

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
 Soil Effect

S (T 1) f ( a g , S, 1 R)
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Spectral Coefficients TB, TC, TD function of Soil
Type and Zone

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 Damping Factor

Where: is the
viscous damping
ratio function of the
structures material
S (T 1) f ( a , S, R) Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
 Response Modification Factor R

S (T 1) f ( a g , S, 1 R ) Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Structures Importance Factor 1

S (T 1) f ( a g , S, 1R) Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Base Shear Force due to Seismic, Fb

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Weight of Structures W

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Conditions of Use of the Simplified Modal Response
Spectral Analysis-Equivalent Static Load according
to ECOP

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Conditions of Use of the Simplified Response
Spectral Analysis according to ECOP

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Conditions of Use of the Simplified Response
Spectral Analysis according to ECOP

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Conditions of Use of the Simplified Response
Spectral Analysis according to ECOP

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

Frames
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Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

Shear
Walls

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

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Structural Systems Resisting EQ Loads

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Center of Mass vs Center of Rigidity

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Center of Mass vs Center of Rigidity

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Center of Mass vs Center of Rigidity

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Center of Mass vs Center of Rigidity

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Lateral Distribution of Shear Force Fb

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Center of Mass vs Center of Rigidity

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Cases of Ignoring Seismic Loads - ECOP

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Lateral Distribution of Shear Force Fb

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Vertical Distribution of Shear Force Fb

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Internal Straining Actions

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Example (1)- Administration Building-Helwan

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Example (1)- Administration Building-Helwan

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Example (1)- Administration Building-Helwan

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Example (1)- Administration Building-Helwan

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Example (1) - Administration Building-Helwan

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Example (1) - Administration Building-Helwan

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Example (1)- Administration Building-Helwan

Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi

Structural Modeling

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Design of Shear Wall

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Design of shear Wall due to Flexure

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ECOP Provisions for Buckling in Columns

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ECOP Provisions for Buckling in Walls

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ECOP Provisions for Buckling in Walls

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ECOP Provisions for Buckling in Walls

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Dr. Hisham Arafat Mahdi
Effect of Rebar Layout in Shear Walls

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Effect of Rebar Layout in Cores

Cores
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ECOP Provisions -minimum Vertical rft in Walls

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ECOP Provisions -Minimum Walls Horizontal rft

0.25%

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Design of Shear Wall in Shear

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Design of Shear Wall in Shear

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Horizontal Stirrups

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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Example (2)

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