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PAPER BATTERY
HISTORY 2
The creation of paper battery drew from a diverse pool of

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disciplines ,requiring expertise in materials science
,energy storage and chemistry.
In August 2007 a research team in at RENSSELEAR
POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE led by Drs.Robert Linhardt,John
H Broadbent with a joint appointment in Material science
Engineering developed the Paper Battery also known as
Nano Composite paper .
In December 2009 Yui Cui and his team at Stanford
University successfully made an actual prototype that
give a terminal voltageof 1.5 V.
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Ni-Cd Battery 4

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Rechargable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and
metallic cadmium as electrodes
Terminal voltage is 1.2 V
Rugged, high specific power,long life ,light
Used in UPS ,portable tools ,photography equipment
,flash lights, emergency lighting and portable electronic
devices
Disadvantges include memory effect,environmental
hazrds and cost
Li ION Battery 5

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Li-ion batteries are used in mobiles ,laptops and most of
the electronic devices.
3 primary component functions of Li-ion Battery are
-ve electrode (graphite)
+ve electrode (cobalt oxide)
Electrolyte(lithium salt inorganic solvents)
During discharging and charging ,Li+ carry the current
from the negative to the positive electrode and vice
versa respectively through the non aqueous electrolyte
Disadvantages of Li-ion 6

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Expensive -40 % more than Nicd
Delicate Battery temperature must monitored from
within the and sealed particularly well.
Regulations- When shipping Li-ion batteries in bulk .
PROBLEMS WITH CONVENTIONAL 7

BATTERIES

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Lower specific power compared to batteries
Weight and size
High charging time
Environmental hazards
High cost
Terminal voltage constraints
Explosion , corrosion and leakage
PAPER BATTERY 8

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PAPER BATTERY 10

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A paper battery is a flexible ,ultra thin energy storage and
production device formed by combining carbon nano tube with a
conventional sheet of cellulose based paper.

Paper batteries may be folded ,cut otherwise shaped for different

applications without any loss of integrity or efficiency.

The device are able to produce 2.5 Volts of electricity from a sample
the size of a postage stamp
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In paper batteries temp can be between -75 to 150 degrees
Celsius

A paper battery can acts as both a high energy battery and super
capacitor .This combination allows the battery to provide both
long term and steady power production and bursts of energy.

It is non toxic ,eco friendly and is everything that a conventional

battery is not
WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY? 12

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Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
Exhibits property of super capacitor
Operating temperature (-75 to 100 C)
Provide both long term , steady power production and
bursts of energy
Cost effective
Principle 13

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The battery produces electricity in the same way as the
conventional lithium-ion batteries
The devices are formed by combining cellulose with an
infusion of aligned carbon nano tubes.
The carbon gives the batteries their black colour
Construction of Paper Battery 14
The materials required for the preparation of paper

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battery are
Copier Paper and Carbon ink
1.Carbon nano ink which is black in colour is a solution of
nano rods ,surface adhesive agent and ionic salt
solutions ,carbon nano ink is spread on one side of the
paper.
2.The paper is kept in the oven at 150 degree Celsius
.This evaporates the water content on the paper.
The battery is ready and would provide a terminal
voltage enough to power an LED
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ADVANTAGES 20

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It can be rolled ,twisted , folded or cut into numerous
shapes
No loss of integrity/efficiency
Light weight
Bio degradable and Non toxic
It can be a super capacitor
Used in electronic gadgets
Environmental friendly
Continued.. 21

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The electrolyte contains no water ,thus theres nothing
in the batteries to freeze or evaporate, potentially
allowing operation in extreme pressures

Paper battery would be the Answer to electrical

energy storage problems
Limitations 22

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Carbon nano tubes are very expensive
Batteries with large enough power are unlikely to be cost
effective
Replacing the old batteries results wastage of old
electronic goods
Generation of e waste
For commercial viabilities these batteries have to be
scaled up to sheets of newspaper size.
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APPLICATIONS 24

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Pace makers (uses blood as electrolyte)
Used as alternate to conventional batteries in gadgets
Devices in space shuttles
Powered in smart cards ,RFID tags
 Conclusion 25
The life of the battery is important parameter which

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decides the area application of battery
These paper batteries can further reduce the weight of the
electronic gadgets
The future may allow simply painting the nanotube ink and
active materials onto surfaces such as walls
High storage of energy leads to decrease charging time
.Thus energy can be saved
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References 27

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_battery
http://www.paperbatteryco.com/
http://bgr.com/2014/06/10/paper-battery-smartphone-and-tablet-b
attery-tech
/
http://www.electronicshub.org/paper-battery-construction-working
/
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THANK YOU !!