* PowerPoint Presentation *

Topic :- Servomechanism And

Control Systems
By :-
Omkar Lokhande
 Content
Introductionto
ServoMechanism
Uses of ServoMechanism
Position Control
Speed Control
Other Uses
Some ServoMechanism
Devices
Servo Control system
 Introduction
ServoMechanism :-
A servomechanism, sometimes shortened
to servo, is an automatic device that uses error-
sensing negative feedback to correct the
performance of a mechanism and is defined by its
function. It usually includes an in built encoder.
The term correctly applies only to
systems where the feedback or error-correction
signals help control mechanical position, speed or
other parameters. For example, an automotive
power window control is not a servomechanism, as
there is no automatic feedback that controls position
the operator does this by observation. By contrast
a car's cruise control uses closed loop feedback,
which classifies it as a servomechanism.
 Uses Of ServoMechanism
1. Position control :-
A common type of servo provides position
control. Servos are commonly electrical or partially
electronic in nature, using an electric motor as the primary
means of creating mechanical force. Other types of servos
use hydraulics, pneumatics, or magnetic principles. Servos
operate on the principle of negative feedback, where the
control input is compared to the actual position of the
mechanical system as measured by some sort of transducer
at the output. Any difference between the actual and wanted
values (an "error signal") is amplified (and converted) and
used to drive the system in the direction necessary to reduce
or eliminate the error.
2. Speed control :-
Speed control via a
governor is another type of
servomechanism. The steam engine
uses mechanical governors; another
early application was to govern the
speed of water wheels. Prior to
World War II the constant speed
propeller was developed to control engine
speed for maneuvering aircraft. Fuel controls for
gas turbine engines employ either hydro mechanical
or electronic governing.
 Other Uses
Positioning servomechanisms were first used in military
fire control and marine navigation equipment.
Its also used in automatic machine tools, satellite-
tracking antennas, remote control airplanes, automatic
navigation systems on boats and planes, and antiaircraft-
gun control systems.
Many autofocus cameras also use a servomechanism to
accurately move the lens, and thus adjust the focus. A
modern hard disk drive has a magnetic servo system with
sub-micro meter positioning accuracy.
In industrial machines, servos are used to perform
complex motion, in many applications.
Some ServoMechanism Devices
 Servo Control System
A servo control system is none of the most
important and widely used form of control system.
Any machine or piece of equipment that has rotating
parts will contain one or more servo control system.
The job of control system may include:
Maintaining the speed of motor within certain
limits, even when on the output of motor might
vary. This is called regulation.
Varying the speed of motor and load according to
an externally set programme of values. This is
called set point (or reference) tracking.
Advantages of Servo Control
System
Intermediate motor and control costs
Continuous duty
Reversible.
Speed is proportional to the applied voltage
Torque is proportional to the current
Very efficient
No power required to hold a static load in
position
Flat speed-torque curve
Peak torque available for short periods of time
Smooth rotation at low speeds
Good up to 3,000 RPM
Future Treads
Due to increase of Automation and
development of new application of servo
system it has a high scope in future.
Due to Price reductions there is a beneficial
effect on growth of servo systems in future.
Due to continuous technology improvement
in this electronics devices system it has a
high scope in future.
The servo drives sector is benefiting from the
popularity of intelligent drives that combine
drive and controller capabilities, which
leading it towards high growth.
 Summary

Servo Control System reduces the error of the

system and improves the output mechanism.
Due to blocking of error, the efficiency of the
devices increases.
Its easier to design and implement.
It can operate on both AC or DC.
 References
www.uotechnology.edu.iq/dep-cse/.../ce110-
servo%20trainer%2013
www.toolingu.com/definition-460330-42782-
servo-system
Introduction to servo system-
By I. A. Getting
Servo Control System
By Elke Laubwald
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine
March/April 1996, pg 74