HC VIN CHNH TR

BI GING
CNG NGH THNG TIN

CH
MNG INTERNET v QUN S

GING VIN: NGUYN NGC ANH

 MNG INTERNET

International Network, mng ton cu, gi tt

l Internet, l h thng gm nhiu mng
thng tin my tnh c lin kt vi nhau trn
phm vi ton th gii, theo mt giao thc
chun no thng qua cc phng tin vin
thng nh ng dy in thoi, v tinh, cp
quang ...
 S HNH THNH INTERNET
NHNG MC CHNH THI K U
Nm 1965 B quc phng M xy dng mt h thng mng my tnh
phc v cho vic nghin cu qun s. Mng c tn l ARPAnet, h thng
c thit k vi kh nng chu ng c nhng s c nghim trng
nh thin tai, chin tranh,m vn hot ng bnh thng. y chnh l
tin thn ca mng Internet sau ny. Ti thi im ny, ch c nhng nh
khoa hc, c quan ca chnh ph M mi c quyn truy cp vo h thng
ARPAnet.
Nm 1972 Bob Kahn trnh din mng ARPANET lin kt 40 my tnh.
Ray Tomlinson pht minh ra e-mail
1973, Vinton Cerf phc tho ra cu trc gateway v nhng tng c bn
ca Internet.
Nm 1974 xy dng giao thc ng dng Telnet cho php s dng my
tnh t xa.
Nm 1976, AT&T Labs pht minh ra dch v truyn file FTP
Nm 1982 giao thc TCP/IP c dng i vi mng ARPANET. DOD
tuyn b chn TCP/IP l giao thc chun.
Nm 1991 Tim Berners Lee (Phng nghin cu vt l hy nhn chu u)
pht minh ra World Wide Web(WWW) da theo mt tng v siu vn
bn c Ted Nelson a ra t nm 1985.
MT S KHI NIM C BN

Trang Web (Web Page): L trang tin in t trn mng

Internet. Ni dung thng tin c din t trong mt trang bng
nhiu phng tin truyn thng khc nhau nh: vn bn, m
thanh, hnh nh, phim... N c vit bng ngn ng nh du
siu vn bn (HTML: Hyper Text Maked Language). Mi trang
Web c nh du bng mt a ch phn bit.
Trnh duyt Web (Web Browser): L phn mm gip ngi s
dng c c trang Web. Cc trnh duyt Web ph bin hin
nay l Google Chome, FireFox, Internet Explorer, Opera,
Safari.
Bng Web (Website): L tp hp cc trang Web c lin kt
li vi nhau xut pht t mt trang gc (Home Page). Mi bng
Web c mt a ch ring v cng chnh l a ch ca trang
gc, thng c gi l a ch URL (Universal Resource
Locator). Mun xem mt bng Web hay mt trang Web, ta phi
cung cp a ch cho trnh duyt Web.
MT S KHI NIM C BN

V d: a ch Website ca trng i hc DL K thut

Cng Ngh TP. H Ch Minh l
http://www.hutech.edu.vn
Trong
- http: vit tt ca hypertext transmission protocol, l
giao thc truyn cc tp tin siu vn bn trn mng
Internet.
- www: vit tt ca Word Wide Web, din t vic kt
ni cc trang Web trn ton cu vi nhau.
- vn: m quc gia ca Vit Nam.
- edu: phn tn min dnh cho cc t chc gio dc
(education).
MT S KHI NIM C BN

Tn min (Domain name):

a ch dng ch s (203.119.8.101) - di v rt kh nh. Do vy,
vic s dng dch v trn mng cung cp l rt kh. H thng
DNS c sinh ra gn cho mi a ch IP dng s mt tn
dng ch tng ng s dng. Cc tn dng ch ny c
gi l tn min. www.vnnic.vn
- Khi nim: Tn min l s nhn dng v tr ca mt my tnh trn
mng Internet, ni cch khc tn min l tn ca cc mng
li, tn ca cc my ch trn mng Internet. Mi a ch bng
ch ny phi tng ng vi mt a ch IP dng s.
- Tn min do mt t chc qun l cp quc gia cung cp.
MT S DCH V C BN CA INTERNET
Th in t (Email)
Din n (Forum)
Hi thoi mng (Chat)
in thoi Internet
(Internet Phone)
Hi ngh t xa
(Teleconference)
Truyn file (File Transition
Protocol - FTP)
World Wide Web
Video theo yu cu
(Video on demand)
S dng my tnh t xa
(Telnet)
Cc ng dng s dng
h tng ca Internet v
s dng WEB xy
dng giao din
C CH DN NG GING NH
C CH CHUYN PHT TH

Lo Cai

i
C nhiu bu cc

q
u

g
nhn v chia th.

n
ct

Ph
Mi bu cc c

i
H
bit nhng vng

i
m h bit phi H Ni
gi trc tip cn
Hi Dng
nhng a ch
khng bit, h gi
ln bu cc cp
trn (hng mc Thanh H
nh)
Cc x
C CH DN NG TRN INTERNET.
IP ROUTING
Router l mt my tnh chuyn dng c chc
nng chn ung i cho cc gi tin trong mng
internet. V vy cng c th ni Internet l h
thng mng ca cc mng my tnh lin kt bi
IP Router.
Mi router c mt bng chn ng, trong
bao gi cng c mt ng mc nh (default)
gi cc gi tin m n khng r cng.
C nhiu giao thc chn ng: chng khc
nhau tiu chun chn ng nh theo chi ph,
theo u tin, theo hiu qu thi gian ...
 205.1.5.23

205.1.5.*

112.6.1.1 Router
Router

205.1.5.1 112.6.1.23

156.1.3.21 112.6.*.*

156.1.4.1 Router
156.1.*.*
112.6.3.20
156.1.3.25
TNG KT

Internet l mng ca cc mng, l kho ti nguyn

thng tin ca th gii, l mt mi trng truyn thng
hiu qu vi nhiu dch v nh mail, forum,chat, web,
ftp, telnet...
Internet c iu khin theo giao thc TCP/IP. Giao
thc IP c chc nng chuyn d liu th (cc gi) t
ni ny n ni khc. TCP c chc nng qun l
dng chy v bo m s chnh xc cho d liu.
DNS c chc nng ch nh a ch Web theo tn
min (dng ch) ch khng theo a ch IP.
URL l phng thc ch nh ti nguyn thng nht
trn Internet
URL: UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR

Giao Tn min hay a ch IP /ng dn

://
thc my cung cp dch v n file

http://www.vnn/vn/index.htm
http://162.119.34.56/default.htm
ftp://vnu.edu.vn/download
mailto://mail.vnu.edu.vn
MNG TRUYN S LIU QUN S

1. Tng quan mng truyn s liu qun s

- Mng TSLQS c xy dng gm 3 lp: lp li, lp bin v
lp truy nhp. Lp li c trin khai ti 3 min (Bc-Trung-
Nam); Lp bin trin khai ti cc khu vc, a bn c mt
kt ni tp trung; Lp truy nhp trin khai ti cc u cui
(mng LAN) cc n v.
- Mng TSLQS cng t chc phn cp thnh 3 cp: cp chin
lc, chin dch v chin thut; trong cp chin lc v mt
phn ca cp chin dch qun l mng trc; cp chin dch v
chin thut qun l, s dng lp mng truy nhp. thun li
trong vic qun l, iu hnh, mng c phn cp nhng
mng cng linh hot, mm do trong vic kt ni cc u cui
truy nhp vo cc lp ca h thng.
S MNG TRUYN S LIU QUN S
MNG TRUYN S LIU QUN S

2. Cc ng dng, dch v trn mng truyn s liu qun s

- Thoi IP:
Thoi IP (VoIP - Voice over Internet Protocol) l truyn tn hiu
thoi trn giao thc IP. in thoi IP c th l in thoi thng
thng (ch khc l kt ni trc tip vo mng LAN qua cp
Ethernet, giao tip RJ45) hoc s dng ngay my tnh trao
i thoi IP.
- Truyn hnh tc nghip trc tuyn:
H thng truyn hnh tc nghip trc tuyn a phng tin
MCS (Multimedia Conferencing System) l mt h thng cung
cp a dch v, p ng nhiu nhu cu nh t chc giao ban
trc tuyn, o to trc tuyn, trao i thng tin a phng
tin, h tr nhiu hi ngh lm vic c lp trn cng mt h
thng
CM N THEO DI