SETTLE -MATH

J A N UA RY 7 - 8 , 2 0 1 6
 CONCEPT OF RATIO
RATIO- is a comparison of quantities
The RATIO of a to b can be written as a:b, a/b, or a to b
The order of terms in a ratio is important. The ratio a:b is
not the same as b:a
Ratios may also be written in simplest form or an be
raised to greater terms hence; they are called equal or
equivalent ratios-- example: 9:15= 3:5
Ratios should have the same unit; otherwise, conversion
should be done before comparing the terms example 8
hours to 2 days = 8 hours to 48 hours= 1:6
 3:4

9 boys to 12
girls
 2:1
8 free throws to
4 players
 2:5
24 days to 2
months
 3:20
120 millimeters
to 80
centimeters
 2: 3.5
Miguel jogged 2 kilometers
while Arman jogged 3
kilometers . What is the ratio
of Miguels distance to
Arman?
 23: 25
Rachel got 92 correct
answers out of 100
questions. What is the ratio
of Rachels score to the total
numbers of questions?
 4:5
In a class of 45 pupils,
there are 20 boys.
What is the ratio of
boys to girls?
 120 (3+5)= 15(5)= 75

Divide the number 120

in the ratio 3:5. What is
the larger number?
100( 4+6)=10 (4)= 40
A 100cm meter stick is
cut into two pieces in
the ratio 4:6. What is
the length of the
shorter piece?
 5:2

What is the ratio of 5

weeks to 14
days(mtap question)
 84( 9+5)=6 (5)= 30
The ratio of two
numbers is 9:5. If
the sum is 84. What
is the smaller
number? (mtap
 38( 5-3)=19 (5)= 95
Two numbers are in
the ratio 3:5. if their
difference is 38.
What is the bigger
number?(mtap
 45CM:7DM
45CM: 70 CM
9:14

What is the ratio of

45cm to 7 dm?(mtap
question)
 363= 12 X 5= 60

The ratio of 2 numbers

is 3:5. if the smaller
number is 36, What is
the sum of the two
numbers?(MTAP
 364= 9 X 7= 63

Two numbers are in the

ratio of 4:7. if the
smaller is 36, what is
the larger number?
(MTAP question)
 CONCEPT OF PROPORTION

A PROPORTION is a statement of the equality of two ratios. It has

four terms.
first term a = c third term
second term b d fourth term
The first and the fourth term are extremes and the second and third
term are means

The law of proportion states that the product of the means equals the
product of the extremes.
APPLY THE LAW OF PROPORTION:
WRITE = OR BETWEEN THEM
1:2____6:12
7:3____21:6
27:9___21:3
3:4____6:35
 12

9:6 = 18: _______

 16

_____:6 = 8:3
 9

20:30 = 6: ___
 5 X + Y =87
X + 5 Y= 9 9
6 X + 6 Y= 186/ 3
2 X + 2 Y= P 62

Five oranges and an apple

cost P87; five apples and one
orange cost P99. how much
do 2 oranges and 2 apples
cost?
 3 MINUTES

Miss Doronila is a very

efficient secretary. She types
250 words per minute. At
this rate, how long will take
her to type 750 words?
 171
a basketball player
averages 19 points per
game. At this rate, how
many points can he make
in 9 games?
 25KM
James can walk 10
kilometers in 2 hours.
How far can he walk in 5
hours?
 252.5= 10(3)= 30
It takes Jodi 3 minutes to make 2
cm of friendship bracelets. A
complete bracelet is 25cm long.
How many minutes will it take
her to make one bracelet?
(mtap)
 10KM:60MIN=1KM:6MIN/2=
500M: 3 MIN
If Alex can run 10
kilometers in one hour,
how many minutes would
it take him to rum 500
meters?(mtap)
 20X3=605= 12

How tall is a tree which

casts a 20-m shadow
when 3-m posts casts a
5-m shadow?(mtap)
 6OOO12= 500
500(2)= 1 000
500(4)= 2 000
500(6)= 3 000

How many kilograms of palay

will each of three farmers get
if a 6 000-kg harvest will be
shared in the ratio 2:4:6?
 27
(100/25)= 4PEOPLE:1 DAY
8/4= 2
25+2= 27

A home for the aged has

enough food for 100 people
for 25 days. How long would
this same amount of food last
if 8 more elders came?
 CONCEPT OF PERCENT
PERCENT means hundred or hundredths. It expresses a ratio between a
given number and 100. it is other way of writing fraction with 100 as
denominator. The symbol for percent %.
To change fraction to a percent, find its equivalent whose denominators
is 100. the copy the numerator of the new fraction and affix the symbol
%.
To change a decimal to percent, express the ratio as fraction then divide
to the rigt then affix the % symbol
To change a percent to a decimal, drop % symbol and move the decimal
point two places to the left
To change a percent to a fraction find its equivalent fraction whose
denominator is 100 then express the new fraction in simplest form
100% of anything is equal to the whole thing.
EXPRESS EACH AS PERCENT

45/100=
72/100=
0.35=
1.45=
15:100=
3:100=
FINDING THE PERCENTAGE

P= R x B
B= P/R
R=P/B
 180

What is the 30% of

600?
 1275

What is the 8.5% of

150?
 3.2%

What percent of 16
is 20?
 7.2%

What percent of 40
is 18?
 90

20% of what number

is 18?
 7000

4% of what number
is 280?
 2500(.75)=625
Out of 2500 pupils
surveyed, 75% are
Catholics. How many are
not Catholics?
 36/.9=40
Krista correctly answered
36 items of her math test.
If this was 90% of the total
number of items, how many
items were there in all?
102/105=0.9714=97.14%
Ver height increased
from 102cm to 105cm.
What was the increase in
percent?
 P171

Mother bought 4 mangoes

for P38. At the same rate,
how much will a dozen and a
half mangoes cost?
 33

There are 44 students in

class. One stormy day 25%
of them were absent. How
many were present?
 261
There are 450 grade 3 pupils
in a school. If 42% of them
are girls , how many boys
are there?
 CONCEPT OF CONSUMER MATH

Consumer Math includes solving for the discounts, interests and tax
DISCOUNTS refers to the reduction in the regular o original price of an item. It
is expresses as a percent of the regular or original price. This percent is called
discount rate. The reduces proce or new price as a result of the discount is
called sale price.
Remember the following relationship or equation
Regular price discount = sale price
100%- discount rate= sale price rate
DISCOUNT= 1 200 X 20%= 1 200X .2= P240
SALE PRICE= REGULAR PRICE-DISCOUNT+ SALE PRICE
1 200- 240= P960

A pair of shoes that costs P1 200 is

on sale at 20% discount. How
much is the discount? How much is
the sale price?
 P29 920
Alexis bought a computer marked
P35 200. if the computer is on sale
at 15% discount, how much did he
pay for the computer?
 P617.50
Dominque bought a pair of shoes
originally prices at P650.00. the
pair of shoes was on sale at 5%
discount. How much is the sale
price of the shoes?
 387.5 / .25= P1550
Mariel bought a blouse and paid
P387.50. if she got at a discount
rate of 25%, how much was the
regular price?
 SIMPLE INTEREST

Interest- Principal x rate x time

P= rate x time / interest
Rate= principal x time / interest
Time= principal x rate / interest
 P 40 500

Hilda made a P50 000 loan to

finance her catering business. If
she borrowed 9% simple interest,
how much interest will she pay
after 9 months?
 P 167200

Crissy deposited P 7 200 at 4.5%

simple interest for 5 years. How
much money will she have at the
end of 5 years?
 P 2 250 000

Joanne invested his P1 000 000 in

stocks. After 1 years, her
investment grew to 1.75 million,
what was her rate of interest?
 P 130 000.00

Emjay paid an interest of P46

800.00 for a period of 3 years at
12% for the amount he borrowed
to finance his business. How much
did he borrow?
 142.3

Merrie borrowed P90 000 for which

she paid an interest amounting to
P5 375 at 8.5% for how long did
she borrow the money?
 GEOMETRY
AND MEASUREMENT
 20CM
The sides of a triangle have a
lengths in the ration of 5:8:10. the
perimeter of the triangle is 46cm.
What is the length of the longest
side?
 68
the sum of angles of a triangle is
112. What is the third angle?
 12 X 8= 96CM
five small squares are put
together, without overlap to form a
cross like in the Red Cross. If one
side of each square is 8cm, what is
the perimeter of the cross?
35X2= 105/12= 8.75 OR 9 BAGS

How many bags of cement will you use

but to have a pave path 35m long and
3m wide if a bag of cement can cover
12 m of the path?
 252M 14 M= 18
Each student in a dormitory 12m long,
7m wide, 3m high must have 14 m of
air. How many students can stay in the
dormitory?
 (3.14)(10)(22)
6908CM
A can powered milk has a
diameter of 20cm and a height of
22cm. What volume of milk does it
contain?
 544.5M

The length of a rectangle is

twice its width. If the width
is 16.5m, what is the area of
a rectangle ?
 27X 12= 324
324/4= 81
36M

The area of 4 squares is the

same as that of a 27cm by
12cm rectangle. What is the
perimeter of each square?
 480( )= 360M
A lot 480m has a house
garden covers of a lot.
What is the area covered by
house?
 MTAP
QUESTIONS
 5(10)=50 +{ 20 ( 1)}= 20
50+ 20=70
What is the sum of 5 tens and 20
ones?
 40/ 5 X 3= 24

A number divided by 3 and multiplied

by 5 gives 40. what is the number?
 8 541 + 7 632 = 16 173

Using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8

and without repeating the digits, make
an addition sentence using two 4-digit
numbers that has the largest sum?
7M 700CM +60CM= 760CM/50=15

A ribbon is 7m and 60cm long. How

many ribbons each with a length of
50cm can be cut from it?
 17
What is of the sum of 6 tens and 8
ones?
 348
What is the sum of the 4 largest two-
digit prime numbers?
 60- 10= 50/4=12.5M
The perimeter of a rectangular garden
is 60 meters. If the width is 5m longer
than the length, what is the length of
the garden?
126/14=9(3.5)= 31.5 OR 31 1/2

A 14cm string is 3 popsicle sticks

long. How many popsicle sticks are
there in a string which is 126cm long?
 12.75(4)= 51/3= 17CM

The perimeter of an equilateral

triangle is the same as the perimeter
of a square. How long is the side of the
equilateral triangle if a side of the
square is 12.75cm?
 40/10= 4 X 1= 4KG

Allan has 40kg of rice. He packed it

into 4 small packs in the ratio 1:2:3:4.
what is the weight of the smallest
pack?
 8

A rectangular table can seat 8 people.

Two tables placed side by side can seat
14 people. Three tables placed side by
side can seat 20 people. At most 4 tables
can be placed side by side. How many
tables are needed to seat 51 people?
 42

A rectangular table can seat 6 people. Two

tables placed side by side can seat 10people.
Three tables placed side by side can seat 14
people. At most 4 tables can be placed side
by side. How many persons can be seated if
there are 10 of tables placed side by side?
 60%

In a class of 45 students, 18 are girls.

What percent of the class are boys?
 P 527.40

A toy robot costs P250.95. a

toy car costs P25.50 more.
How much will the two toys
cost?
 0.87

What is the sum of 37

hundredths and 5 tenths?
 110-70=40/4= 20CM

The length of a place mat is

35cm and its perimeter is
110cm. What is the width of
the place mat?
 25 (8)= 200+5= 205

Starting with 5 and counting

by 8s we get 5, 13, 21, 29,
37 and so on. What is the 25th
number in this sequence?
 15

Abby and his brother Ben are

teenagers. Ben is 3 years
younger than Abby and the
GCF their ages is 3. How old is
Ben?
 8

Mel picks a number and multiplies

it by 3. he then adds 4 to the
result and finally divides this new
number by 2. his final result is 14.
what number did he start with?
145%=1.45= 1 45/100=1 9/20

Change 145% to a fraction in

lowest terms?
 85+89+91+84= 349---88X 5= 440
440-349= 91

Rays 4 test scores in Math

are 85, 89, 91, and 84. what
score must he get in the fifth
to have an average of 88?
 7/9+5/5= 12/14-7/9=10/126
5/63

If 5 is added to the
numerator and denominator
of 7/9, by how much is
fraction increased?
 56X 35= 1960
56+2= 58 X 35+2= 37
58 X 37= 2146
2146- 1960= 186M

A rectangular grass lot, 56m

by 35m is surrounded by a
concrete path 2 m wide.
Find the area of the path.
 31/3 X 3 X 4= 372/3X 5/6= 1860/18= 10 1/3 M

A subdivision rectangular
water tank is 10 1/3m long,
4m wide and 3m deep. How
many cubic meters does it
contain when 5/6 full?
 2.5 X2=5
3 X 2= 6
5X6=30 M

The scale of a house plan is

1cm to 2m,what is the area
of a room that is 2.5cm by
3cm on the plan?
 116 + 2X116-9
116+232-19
116+ 213
329

A vendor sold 116 balloons on

Saturday. He sold 19 less than
twice as much on Sunday.
How many balloons did he sell
in two days?
 340
There are 850 students in a
school. If 3/5 of then are
boys, how many are girls are
there?
 196 M
A square garden has a
perimeter of 56m. What is
the area?
 P 215.50
Nita has P58.50. Rosa has
twenty pesos less than twice
as much. How much money do
the two girls have together?
55(2.6)= 14330(10)= 300- 143=
157DM OR 15.7M
Rita has 30m of ribbon. She
cut 55 pieces each 2.6dm
long. How many meters of
ribbon remain?
 364= 9
324= 8
9 X 8 = 72
How many squares of side 4cm
can be cut from a piece of
cartolina that is 36cm by
32cm?
 71 X 2 = 148 + 8= 150/3
50

Pete and OJ together have 71

stamps. If Pete has 8 more
than twice as many stamps as
OJ, how many stamps has
Pete?
3 = 45CM 3 = 27CM
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Five identical squares placed side by side
formed a rectangle. The area of the
rectangle is 45 cm. Square are then
removed from one end so that the resulting
rectangle has a perimeter of 24cm. What is
the area of the new rectangle
?
 96 4= 25 X 5 = 120
120 4 = 30 X 5 = 150

If 4/5 of a number is 96,

what is 5/4 of the
number?
 2856 X 3= 8568 / 51 = 168

There are 2856 threes in the

product of 51 and a number.
What is the number?