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Def.
forcing a pump-able product through a small opening
to shape materials in a designed fashion (Heldman and
Hartel, 1997)
Principle
Raw materials are feed into the extruder barrel
and screw(s) pushed toward die and cutter
Feed Section
Feed materials are collected into extruder
Screw: deep ight to allow rapid and easy filling
Transition section
Decreased-depth screw: to initiate compression and processing of
product
Raw material begins to undergo cooking
Changes in structure occur (gelatinization of starch, cohesive
material) materials change from solid to viscous uid)
Final section
Screw leads the product to the outlet die
Double Screw
Operation is more complex than the single
screw
Screw type and design can be modified to
give a wide variety of operations
Twin-screw shape : figure 8
Two independent screws can be operated
either counter-rotating (opposite direction)
or co-rotating (same direction). Co-
rotating is more common due to a higher
capacity
Schematic diagram of
double screw
Double-screw
High productivity
Good mixing
High screw speed (up to 700 rpm)
Self cleaning machine (the screw effectively force material moves
forward)
Sangat eksibel (dpt memproses
bahan: viscous and hard to break),
wide range products: simple corn
snack to protein-based food
Lower energy consumption
Broaden the production assortment