AGE OF IMPERIALISM:

SOUTH ASIA
Prepared by:
Ivy Jill Jalimao & Bernadette Manuel
His32 401B
INDIA
First to receive concentrated
European attention in Asia.
Factors:
1. Closest to Europe.
2. Consisted of long Peninsula,
accessible by the sea.
3. Divided politically and
culturally heterogeneous.
PORTUGUESE IN INDIA
1498 Vasco de Gama Malabar
Coast (3 small ships)
1502 de Gama returned in India
(20 ships) established trading
post in Conchin.
1505 Francisco de Almeida -
viceroy
ALFONSO DE
ALBUQUERQUE
Implemented Portuguese policy
of acquiring key islands and
ports in order to control the sea
lanes and trade between
Southeast Asia, India, Africa and
the Arab Middle East.
PORTUGUESE DECLINE IN POWER
Hostility of indigenous peoples to the Portuguese never dies.
They received little support from home in financial and military undertakings.
Inquisition gave rise to the reaction against spiritual pressure.
 DUTCH IN INDIA
1595 Cornelius van Houtman sailed from
Amsterdam to Indies.
Many Dutch companies had been formed
- intra-Dutch competition resulted in the Spice trade.
United Company (Dutch East India Company)
single joint stock enterprise
regularized Dutch trade

Factories:
Bengal
Malabar Coast
Surat
FRENCH IN INDIA
1664 Colbert French East India
Company
Surat First French Factory
Pondicherry main base of
operation in India.
ENGLISH IN INDIA
East India Company monopoly
rights of trade in 1600
 SEPOY MUTINY
The main persons behind this rebellion were the soldiers [sepoy].

May 10, 1857 - revolt started in the town of Meerut.

Mangal Pandey - first martyr of 1957 revolt

Some of the leaders of the rebellion were- Rani Lakshmibai [Jhansi],Kunwar Singh [Bihar],
Bahadur Shah [Delhi], Nana Saheb [Kanpur], Tatia Tope [Kanpur], Begum Hazrat Mahal
[Lucknow].
The revolt was started due to the induction of enfield riffles in the army.

Lord canning was the governor general at that time.

The revolt was failed to spread across the India. Some epicenters of the revolt were- Kanpur,
Lucknow, Aligarh, Agra, Arrah, Delhi, and Jhansi.
 East India Companys rule
Causesofofenfield
Induction the Revolt
riffles in Reasons of Failure Effects
ended of the
in India andRevolt
the ruler
the army, catridge of which had ship was handed over to the
fat of cow and pig. Communication gap between
Queen Victoria.
the leaders of different parts of
Discrimination among the India. Reforms were introduced in
British and Indian soldiers. No central leadership and the the army and all the steps
British soldiers behavior was rebellion got limited to some were taken so that no such
rude against the Indian soldiers. parts of India only. incident occurs in the future.
Policies used by the British for Rebels did not have enough Indians were assured of
territorial annexation angered weapons and finance better governance.
the Indian rulers. where British people had
advanced weapons and enough It was declared that there will
Fearthat British were finance. be no discrimination and
converting Hindus and Muslims Lack of planning and discipline people will have more power
in Christianity. among the rebels. and respect.
Social reforms introduced by Doctrine of Lapse was
the British made some of the withdrawn.
people angry.