You are on page 1of 37

Network

Management
Functions
Made By: Puneet Kaur Chhabra
Network Management
Network management is the process of
operating, monitoring, controlling
the network to ensure it works as
intended and provides value to its users.

In general, network management is a service


that employs a variety of tools, applications,
and devices to assist human network
managers in monitoring and maintaining
networks.
The aim of Network Management is to ensure an
almost 100% availability of the network
OSI Standard
Functions
The International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) defined a conceptual
model for describing the key functional
areas of network management.

The Management Functions have been


classified into Five Management
Functional Areas:
Fault Management
Configuration Management
Account Management
Performance Management
Security Management
Fault Management
Fault is an event that shows a
problem or unspecified operating
condition in the network. The aim
of fault management is to-
detect
isolate
correct
log faults
Root Cause
Is the cause of occurrence of a specific type of
fault
E.g., Component failure, Misconfiguration,
Is rarely observed directly.

Symptom/Alarm
Fault messages generated due to occurrence of
root cause .
An indication of fault for management system.
Monitoring the network to ensure that
everything is running smoothly
Via Symptoms/Alarm collection

Reacting when this is not the case


Analysis symptoms to determine root
causes
Managing resolution of faults

Ultimate objective
Ensure that users do not experience
disruption
If do keep it minimum
Fault Management
Approaches
Common/Typical approach
Reactive based on network monitoring
Network devices are monitored
NMS reacts when it detects faults
Alternative approaches
Detect faults by problems that reported by
clients
Do not wait for faults to occur, anticipate &
avoid
Proactive fault management
Fault Management Big
Picture
Fault Management: Monitoring &
Detection
Fault Indication: Alarms
Alarm message (Symptom) is indication of
an fault
To notify manger about the conditions
attention

Examples
Equipment alarms: A line card went out
Environmental alarms: Temperature too
high
Service level alarms: Excessive noise on
a line
Fault Management: Analysis &
Diagnosis
Note:

Root Cause determines Repair Action


Fault Management: React
Fault Management: React
Reaction depends on the failure, e.g.
Restart in the case of SW crash
Update the software
Replace the broken HW
Repair the broken HW
Rerouting

The troubleshooting procedure should be
known/documented
Fault Management Life Cycle
1) Detection of faults
Reporting of alarms by failure detection
mechanism
E.g., SNMP trap, System log, or other
protocols
Submission of trouble reports by customers
Reporting of serious degradation or degradation
trend by mgmt functions of PM
Time to detect fault is an important issue
Ideally, we need (near) real-time fault detection
Penalty for service outage time

17
2) Service restoration/recovery
E.g., Built-in redundancy (host-swap) or
reinitialize procedures (Restored SW faults
temporarily)
3) Prioritize
Not all faults are of the same priority
Determine which faults to take immediate
action on and which to defer
4) Fault Isolation & Root Cause Analysis
Event/Alarm correlation techniques
Case-based reasoning, Rule-based
reasoning,
18
5) Troubleshooting
Repair, Restore, Replace
Depends on failure & affected entities
6) Reevaluate
Test the operation before service
delivery
7) Fault Documentation & Reporting
Why? Speed up future fault management
What? Cause & Resolution
Know Errors Database

19
Configuration?
1) Physical configuration: Description of HW/SW
components of network devices system; e.g.,
HW configuration of routers (# NIC, RAM, )
SW configuration of servers (OS, Web Server, )

2) Logical configuration: Manageable system


settings
set of all management parameters & their values

3) Configuring: Process of updating logical


configuration
e.g., configuring IP
20
Configuration
Management
Functions related to dealing with how
Physical configuration information of devices
are obtained and saved
e.g., list of equipment, line cards, links,
Logical configuration (functional data) of
devices are obtained, stored, documented,
and updated
e.g. Protocol settings, logical interfaces,
address assignments, numbering plans,
Challenges
Number & Diversity of devices/software

21
Maintaining an Accurate
Inventory of
HW / SW / Communication Links
(Network Resources) & the Ability
to change the Inventory in
Response to
Changing Service Requirements
Maintaining an Accurate Inventory
of
HW / SW / Communication Links
(Network Resources) & the Ability to
Change the Inventory in Response
to
Changing Service Requirements
Configuration Management Functions

Discovery & Auditing


Configuration setting
Synchronization
Backup & Restore of Configuration

24
Configuration Management Issues
Make sure the inventories be updated
Out-of-date inventories (DBs) are useless
Autodiscovery mechanism should be used
Revision control and backup of the inventories
Time history of network is needed
The configuration management system may
fails
Configuring network equipments
Customization needed for each vendor
Security
Configuration process should be secure
Insecure configuration attack

25
Accounting Management: Definition
Identifying
Cost (Charges to be Paid)
For the Use of Network Resources(By Users)
Set Tariff / Costing
(For Use of Resources / Services)
Accumulate Use
(Traffic Information / Data Collection / Recording)
Charging / Billing
(To be Paid by Subscribers )
Accounting / Book Keeping

26
Accounting Management
Account of the use of network resources
Metering: Measure what has been consumed
by whom at what time
Charging: Have the user pay for what has
been consumed
The core of the economics of service provider
Needs to be highly robust, highest
availability and reliability
Otherwise, free service!, lost revenue!

27
Accounting Management Big Picture

28
Accounting: Rating/Charging/Tariff/
How to charge the usage?
Rating systems typically use some or all of the
following types of data:
Time property of the call (day of week, date, time
of day)
Amount of usage (Duration of call, amount of data,
number of messages,)
Destination of the call (land line, overseas, etc.)
Origin of call/ Location of the caller (for mobile
networks)
Premium charges (third party charges for premium
content, cost of physical items such as movie
tickets)
29
Performance Management:
Definition
The Utilization of
Network Resources with the Ability to
meet
User Service Level Objectives
Information Gathering
Current System (Traffic / Resources)
System History (Logs)
Performance Evaluation (Analysis)
For Different States / Conditions
Understanding / Reporting

30
Performance Management: Design Phase
Systems (including networks) are designed for a
target level of performance
Problem: Variable and Unknown load
Performance Management: Operation
Phase
Why PM in operation time?
1) Because all the problems cannot be
(efficiently) solved in design phase
2) Traffic trend for future planning
Capacity planning

31
Performance management objectives:

1) Management of consistency and quality of


individual and overall network services
Monitoring performance and service levels
2) Optimization of network performance
e.g. measure user/application response time
Tuning network for performance
3) Allow the network to evolve with the business
Traffic trend & capacity planning

32
Security Management: Definition
Access Control to the
Network &
its Management Systems

Information Protection from


Disclosure &
Modifications

Saad Haj Bakry, PhD, CEng, FIEE 33


Security Management:
Activities

Access Management
(Users / Use)
Detection of Attacks
(Against Information)
Protection Measures
(Encryption)

34
Security Management Steps
Defining security policies
To achieve security goals
Prevention
Implementation of security policies by security
mechanisms
Monitoring & Detecting
Evaluation of effectiveness of prevention mechanism
& identifying the issues
Recovery & Reporting
Resolving the issues

35
SOC (Security Operation
Center)
Security has become an important issue in networks
SOC is the center to deal with security issues on
organization level and technical level
Performs the FCAP for security
As FM: Detect security problems, security event
and alarm processing
As CM: Run the security mechanisms in the
network
As AM: Do auditing, AAA (authentication,
authorization, accounting)
As PM: Monitor the status of security mechanism

36
Thank You

You might also like