Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Management
Functions
Made By: Puneet Kaur Chhabra
Network Management
Network management is the process of
operating, monitoring, controlling
the network to ensure it works as
intended and provides value to its users.
Symptom/Alarm
Fault messages generated due to occurrence of
root cause .
An indication of fault for management system.
Monitoring the network to ensure that
everything is running smoothly
Via Symptoms/Alarm collection
Ultimate objective
Ensure that users do not experience
disruption
If do keep it minimum
Fault Management
Approaches
Common/Typical approach
Reactive based on network monitoring
Network devices are monitored
NMS reacts when it detects faults
Alternative approaches
Detect faults by problems that reported by
clients
Do not wait for faults to occur, anticipate &
avoid
Proactive fault management
Fault Management Big
Picture
Fault Management: Monitoring &
Detection
Fault Indication: Alarms
Alarm message (Symptom) is indication of
an fault
To notify manger about the conditions
attention
Examples
Equipment alarms: A line card went out
Environmental alarms: Temperature too
high
Service level alarms: Excessive noise on
a line
Fault Management: Analysis &
Diagnosis
Note:
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2) Service restoration/recovery
E.g., Built-in redundancy (host-swap) or
reinitialize procedures (Restored SW faults
temporarily)
3) Prioritize
Not all faults are of the same priority
Determine which faults to take immediate
action on and which to defer
4) Fault Isolation & Root Cause Analysis
Event/Alarm correlation techniques
Case-based reasoning, Rule-based
reasoning,
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5) Troubleshooting
Repair, Restore, Replace
Depends on failure & affected entities
6) Reevaluate
Test the operation before service
delivery
7) Fault Documentation & Reporting
Why? Speed up future fault management
What? Cause & Resolution
Know Errors Database
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Configuration?
1) Physical configuration: Description of HW/SW
components of network devices system; e.g.,
HW configuration of routers (# NIC, RAM, )
SW configuration of servers (OS, Web Server, )
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Maintaining an Accurate
Inventory of
HW / SW / Communication Links
(Network Resources) & the Ability
to change the Inventory in
Response to
Changing Service Requirements
Maintaining an Accurate Inventory
of
HW / SW / Communication Links
(Network Resources) & the Ability to
Change the Inventory in Response
to
Changing Service Requirements
Configuration Management Functions
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Configuration Management Issues
Make sure the inventories be updated
Out-of-date inventories (DBs) are useless
Autodiscovery mechanism should be used
Revision control and backup of the inventories
Time history of network is needed
The configuration management system may
fails
Configuring network equipments
Customization needed for each vendor
Security
Configuration process should be secure
Insecure configuration attack
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Accounting Management: Definition
Identifying
Cost (Charges to be Paid)
For the Use of Network Resources(By Users)
Set Tariff / Costing
(For Use of Resources / Services)
Accumulate Use
(Traffic Information / Data Collection / Recording)
Charging / Billing
(To be Paid by Subscribers )
Accounting / Book Keeping
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Accounting Management
Account of the use of network resources
Metering: Measure what has been consumed
by whom at what time
Charging: Have the user pay for what has
been consumed
The core of the economics of service provider
Needs to be highly robust, highest
availability and reliability
Otherwise, free service!, lost revenue!
27
Accounting Management Big Picture
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Accounting: Rating/Charging/Tariff/
How to charge the usage?
Rating systems typically use some or all of the
following types of data:
Time property of the call (day of week, date, time
of day)
Amount of usage (Duration of call, amount of data,
number of messages,)
Destination of the call (land line, overseas, etc.)
Origin of call/ Location of the caller (for mobile
networks)
Premium charges (third party charges for premium
content, cost of physical items such as movie
tickets)
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Performance Management:
Definition
The Utilization of
Network Resources with the Ability to
meet
User Service Level Objectives
Information Gathering
Current System (Traffic / Resources)
System History (Logs)
Performance Evaluation (Analysis)
For Different States / Conditions
Understanding / Reporting
30
Performance Management: Design Phase
Systems (including networks) are designed for a
target level of performance
Problem: Variable and Unknown load
Performance Management: Operation
Phase
Why PM in operation time?
1) Because all the problems cannot be
(efficiently) solved in design phase
2) Traffic trend for future planning
Capacity planning
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Performance management objectives:
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Security Management: Definition
Access Control to the
Network &
its Management Systems
Access Management
(Users / Use)
Detection of Attacks
(Against Information)
Protection Measures
(Encryption)
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Security Management Steps
Defining security policies
To achieve security goals
Prevention
Implementation of security policies by security
mechanisms
Monitoring & Detecting
Evaluation of effectiveness of prevention mechanism
& identifying the issues
Recovery & Reporting
Resolving the issues
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SOC (Security Operation
Center)
Security has become an important issue in networks
SOC is the center to deal with security issues on
organization level and technical level
Performs the FCAP for security
As FM: Detect security problems, security event
and alarm processing
As CM: Run the security mechanisms in the
network
As AM: Do auditing, AAA (authentication,
authorization, accounting)
As PM: Monitor the status of security mechanism
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Thank You