MARPOL 73/78

Towards the Drafting of a

National Implementation Plan for
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Prepared by
Abdulaziz M. Al-Suwailem
KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & MINERALS

Prepared for
Ministry of Transport
 MARPOL 73/78
International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution from Ships (administered by IMO)
First ever comprehensive anti-pollution convention
dealing with ship-borne oil as well as other chemicals,
harmful substances, garbage, sewage, and air pollutants.
Concerned with jurisdiction, inspection, and
enforcement.

Objectives:
To completely eliminate the intentional pollution of the
marine environment by oil and other harmful substances;
and
To minimize the accidental discharge of such
substances.
 MARPOL 73/78: CONTENTS
contains 20 Articles and 6 Annexes with Regulations
Annex I : Prevention of Pollution by Oil
Annex II : Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
Annex III : Harmful Substances in Packaged Form
Annex IV : Sewage
Annex V : Garbage
Annex VI : Air pollution
Annexes III, IV, V and VI are optional, but Saudi Arabia
officially acceded to Annexes IV on 23 May 2005.
Therefore, Saudi Arabia is obliged to fully implement
MARPOL 73/78, including Annexes I-V.

Implementation approach is discussed below!

MARPOL 73/78: RATIFICATION (as of 2004)

CANADA RUSSIA

NORTH AMERICA EUROPE

USA JAPAN
ASIA
KSA
AFRICA
23 MAY 2005
BRAZIL
SOUTH AMERICA
AUSTRALIA
 MARPOL 73/78: ENTRY INTO FORCE

WORLD SAUDI ARABIA

ANNEX COVERAGE Entry into Entry into
Accession
Force Force
I Oil 1983 23 May 2005 23 August 2005
II Noxious Liquid 1983 23 May 2005 23 August 2005
III Packaging of 1992 23 May 2005 23 August 2005
Harmful Substances
IV Sewage 2003 23 May 2005 23 August 2005
V Garbage 1988 23 May 2005 23 August 2005
VI Air Pollution 19/5/05 ----- -----

Saudi Arabia is obliged to implement Annexes IV.

 MARPOL DEFINITIONS: VESSELS
Ship covers vessels of any type whatsoever operating in the
marine environment and includes:
hydrofoil boats,
air-cushion vehicles,
submersibles,
floating craft,
fixed or floating platforms, and
a vessel fitted with cargo spaces which are
constructed and utilized to carry oil in bulk of
an aggregate capacity of 200 m 3 or more.
Oil tanker means a ship constructed or adapted primarily to
carry oil in bulk in its cargo spaces and includes combination
carriers and any chemical tanker when it is carrying a cargo or
part cargo of oil in bulk.
 MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories
SHIPS Based on tonnage Based on travel
1 Ships < 400 GRT Ocean going Ships
2 Ships 400 GRT Domestic Ships
but < 10,000 GRT
3 Ships > 10,000 GRT

OIL TANKERS Based on Gross Registered Tonnage

1 Oil Tankers < 150 tons GRT
2 Oil Tankers 150 tons GRT
Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume
of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of
a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as
living quarters.
SINGLE-HULL TANKERS

Single Hull Double Hull

 SINGLE-HULL TANKERS

Segregated Ballast Tanks

Segregated Ballast means the ballast water introduced into a

tank which is completely separated from the cargo oil and fuel
oil system and which is permanently allocated to the carriage of
ballast or cargoes other than oil.
 MARITIME ZONES
NATIONAL AIR SPACE INTERNATIONAL AIR SPACE

TERRITORIAL CONTIGUOUS
SEA ZONE

INTERNAL
WATERS EEZ HIGH SEAS
12
BASELINE NM

24
NM
200
NM
 MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA
Special Area means a sea area where, for recognized
technical reasons in relation to its oceanographic and
ecological condition and to the particular character of its
traffic, the adoption of special mandatory methods for the
prevention of sea pollution by oil is required, Under the
Convention, these special areas are provided with a higher
level of protection than other areas of the sea.

List of ANNEX I (Oil) Special Areas:

Red Sea Area Baltic Sea Area
Gulfs Area Black Sea Area
Gulf of Aden Area Antarctic Area
Mediterranean Sea Area North-West European Waters
MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA
ANNEX II (Noxious Liquid Substances) Special Areas:
Baltic Sea Area
Black Sea Area
Antarctic Area
With strict controls on tank washing and residue
discharge procedures!

ANNEX V (Garbage) Special Areas:

Baltic Sea area North Sea
Black Sea Area Antarctic Area (south of 60S)
Red Sea area Wider Caribbean Region,
Gulfs area including Gulf of Mexico and
Mediterranean Sea Area Caribbean Sea
With strict controls on the disposal of garbage!
MARPOL 73/78
 MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Actions Mandated by MARPOL
Inspect foreign ships visiting Saudi Arabian ports
to ensure that they meet international standards.
Monitor Compliance.
Prohibit violations, make penalties.
Carry out surveys as per MARPOL requirements
for all ocean going ships registered in Saudi Arabia.
Issue International Oil Pollution Prevention
Certificates (IOPP) to surveyed ocean going ships.
Provide adequate Reception Facilities to ships
visiting Saudi Arabian Ports.
Phase out single-hull tankers.
MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Inspections
Confirm possession of valid certificate on board.
Examine ship condition, only if there clear grounds
for believing that ship does not correspond
substantially with the certificate).
If requested by another state (including a coastal
state), if there is sufficient evidence that the ship
discharged harmful substances in any place.
General Inspection Procedure
Checking of all Certificates required as per MARPOL
Walk-through of the ship including deck, and have a
visual check of the condition of all the equipment and
machinery as well as hatch closing arrangement, air pipes
and vent coatings.
 MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Possible Actions
Under the provisions of the Convention, Port State may:
Detain a ship until deficiencies have been rectified
A vessel is detained when a deficiency is found
which must be rectified before it sails.
Permit a ship to sail with deficiencies subject to
conditions
Penalties
Assess appropriate penalties for the contravention of
Convention requirements, such as:
immediate flag State detention of the vessel.
withdrawal of the vessels Certificate of Registry.
fine
suspension or revocation of ships officers
Certificates of Competency.
 MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Surveys
Ships in international voyages shall be subject to surveys
by officers of the Ministry of Transport to ensure that
equipment, fittings, arrangements, and materials fully comply
with the applicable requirements of MARPOL Regulation.

International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate

(IOPP Certificate)
The IOPP Certificate shall be issued to:
Oil Tankers 150 GRT
Ships 400 GRT
by the Minister of Transport after survey of the ocean going
ship for a period not exceeding 5 years as evidence of their
compliance with the pollution prevention equipment and
survey requirements of MARPOL Annex I.
 MARPOL REQUIREMENTS
Certificates and Documents required on board
Ocean Going Ships
No. All Ships Reference
International Oil Pollution Prevention Regulation 5
1 Certificate

2 Oil Record Book Regulation 20

3 Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan Regulation 26

Record of oil discharge monitoring and Regulation 15(3)(a)
4 control system for the last ballast voyage
Dedicated Clean Ballast Tank Operation Regulation 13A
5 Manual
MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

Certificates and Documents required on board

Ocean Going Ships (cont.)
No. All Ships Reference
Crude Oil Washing Operation and
6 Equipment Manual (COW Manual) Regulation 13B

Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)

7 Statement of Compliance, CAS Final Regulation 13G;
Report and Review Record
Hydrostatically Balanced Loading
8 (HBL) Operational Manual Regulation 13G

Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control

9 (ODMC) Operational Manual Regulation 15(3)(c)

10 Subdivision and stability information Regulation 25

 MARPOL REQUIREMENTS
Major Requirements on board Ocean-going Oil
Tankers and Ships
OIL TANKERS SHIPS
Equipment/
Certificates 150 GRT 400 GRT < 400 GRT

Oil Filtering Equipment Yes Yes No

Standard discharge
connection Yes Yes No

Holding Tank Yes Yes Yes

Oil Record Book Yes Yes No
Marine Oil Contingency
Plan Yes Yes No

International Oil Pollution

Prevention Certificate Yes Yes No
 MARPOL REQUIREMENTS
Reception Facilities
All oil loading terminals, repair ports, or other ports that
service oceangoing Ships 400 GRT and oceangoing Oil
Tankers 150 GRT shall be provided with the following
facilities:
reception and treatment of all dirty ballast and tank
washing water from oil tankers.
sufficient capacity to receive the residues/mixtures
and the needs of ships using them without causing
undue delay to the ships involved.
shall be equipped with oil transfer hose adapters
designed to allow connection with the standard flange
specified by the International Maritime Organization
(IMO).
 MARPOL REQUIREMENTS
Oily waste reception facilities shall be available at:
(a) all ports and terminals in which crude oil is loaded into oil
tankers where such tankers have immediately prior to arrival
completed a ballast voyage of not more than 72 hr or not more
than 1,200 nautical miles.
(b) all ports and terminals in which oil other than crude oil in bulk
is loaded at an average quantity of more than 1,000 MT per day.
(c) all ports having ship repair yards or tank cleaning facilities;
(d) all ports and terminals which handle ships provided with the
sludge tank(s) required by Regulation 17 of Annex I of MARPOL
73/78.
(e) all ports in respect of oily bilge waters and other residues,
which cannot be discharged in accordance with Regulation 9 of
Annex I of MARPOL 73/78; and
(f) all loading ports for bulk cargoes in respect of oil residues from
combination carriers which cannot be discharged in accordance
with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78.
 MARPOL REQUIREMENTS
A
N
N Reception
Category of Waste Types of waste for reception
E Facilities required?
X

I Oil YES Covers all types of wastes from the carriage of oil:
as fuel, engine room slops, cargo (tank washings) or
dirty ballast water.

II Noxious liquid YES Chemical wastes derived from bulk chemical

substances in bulk transportation, including residues and mixtures
containing noxious substances.

III Harmful substances NO

carried by sea in
packaged form
IV Sewage from ships YES Raw sewage retained in holding tanks for disposal
in port or outside 12nm;
Partially treated sewage retained in holding tanks
for disposal in port or outside 4nm.

V Garbage from ships YES Garbage includes domestic (food and packaging)
and operational (maintenance, cargo and
miscellaneous) wastes.

VI Air pollution from NO

ships
 MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories
SHIPS Based on tonnage Based on travel
1 Ships < 400 GRT Ocean going Ships
2 Ships 400 GRT Domestic Ships
but < 10,000 GRT
3 Ships > 10,000 GRT

OIL TANKERS Based on Gross Registered Tonnage

1 Oil Tankers < 150 tons GRT
2 Oil Tankers 150 tons GRT
Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume
of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of
a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as
living quarters.
Phase Out of Single-Hull Tankers

MARPOL PHASE-OUT REQUIREMENTS

MARPOL 73/78 REQUIREMENTS

Small Vessels
There is no statutory requirement for ships
below 5,000 tonnes dead-weight to have
double hulls.
 PHASE OUT SCHEDULES

Category of Oil Tanker Date or Year

Category 1: Oil tankers
(Pre-MARPOL tankers without
protectively located segregated
ballast tanks)
20,000 tons deadweight and 5 April 2005 for ships
above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, delivered on 5 April 1982
heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil or earlier
as cargo, and
30,000 tons deadweight and Anniversary date in 2005
above carrying other oils for ships delivered after 5
April 1982
Category of oil tanker
Category 2:
Oil tankers (MARPOL
tankers with protectively
located segregated ballast
tanks)
20,000 tons deadweight
and above carrying crude
oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil
or lubricating oil as cargo,
and
30,000 tons deadweight
and above carrying other
oils
Date or year
5 April 2005 for ships delivered
on 5 April 1977 or earlier
Anniversary date in 2005 for
ships delivered after 5 April 1977
but before 1 January 1978
Anniversary date in 2006 for
ships delivered in 1978 and 1979
Anniversary date in 2007 for
ships delivered in 1980 and 1981
Anniversary date in 2008 for
ships delivered in 1982
Anniversary date in 2009 for
ships delivered in 1983
Anniversary date in 2010 for
ships delivered in 1984 or later
Category of oil tanker Date or year
Category 3: 5 April 2005 for ships delivered on
Oil tankers 5 April 1977 or earlier
Anniversary date in 2005 for ships
5,000 tons deadweight and
delivered after 5 April 1977 but
above but less than the
tonnage specified for before 1 January 1978
Category 1 and 2 tankers Anniversary date in 2006 for ships
delivered in 1978 and 1979
Anniversary date in 2007 for ships
delivered in 1980 and 1981
Anniversary date in 2008 for ships
delivered in 1982
Anniversary date in 2009 for ships
delivered in 1983
Anniversary date in 2010 for ships
delivered in 1984 or later
 Phase out schedule for ocean going single-hull ships
registered in Saudi Arabia
No. IMO Year of Gross Dead Category Phase-out Year
Build Tonnage Weight (Anniversary Date)
1 8203799 1982 6400 10895 C3 2008
2 8203804 1982 4159 7026 C3 2008
3 7826829 1981 50764 88726 NO DATA
4 8114338 1982 6960 12010 C3 2008
5 7920716 1980 5253 8647 C3 2007
6 8214853 1982 3609 6187 C3 2008
7 8220084 1983 9088 16266 C3 2009
8 8223029 1983 3987 6718 C3 2009
9 9123362 1982 9544 16187 NO DATA
10 9247077 2003 6400 10895 C3 NO PHASE OUT
11 9203930 1999 28981 45000 C2 NO PHASE OUT
12 9203928 1999 28981 44954 C2 NO PHASE OUT
13 7385124 1983 NO DATA
14 7708302 1981 NO DATA
15 9639626 1983 NO DATA
 Small Vessels: <5000 ton deadweight
There is no statutory requirement for ships below 5,000 tons
deadweight to have double hulls.
Year of Gross Dead
No. IMO
Build Tonnage Weight
1 7810442 1978 2977 4991
2 7652917 1969 427.74 800
3 6524917 1965 1932 3180
4 7011149 1969 1682 3125
5 6918302 1969 2350 3463
6 7313640 1973 3335 4999
7 7903299 1979 2298 4419
8 7621073 1976 1006 2100
9 7229253 1972 2195 3408
10 8406456 1983 3175 4999
11 6925006 1969 1010 1324
SINGLE HULL PHASE OUT: EXTENSION
Can any single hull tankers operate beyond the dates set?
The revised regulation 13G of MARPOL allows the
Administration (flag State) to permit continued operation
of Category 2 or 3 tankers beyond its phase-out date in
accordance with the schedule subject to satisfactory
results from the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS).
Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) is an additional reinforced
inspection scheme specifically developed to detect structural
weaknesses of single hull oil tankers.

Category 2 and 3 tankers with an age over 15 years

to be allowed to continue beyond 2005 subject to CAS,
but the continued operation must not go beyond the
anniversary of the date of delivery of the ship in 2015
or the date on which the ship reaches 25 years of age
after the date of its delivery, whichever is earlier.
STATES REGULATION TERMS
Flag State
Nation where a vessel is registered.
Vessel is essentially granted nationality

Obligations and Responsibilities:

Regular Inspection of its own ships
Issuing of IOPP Certificates to its own ships
Safety regulation
Regulation of ship manning and crew competence
Setting the standards for ship construction, design,
equipment, and seaworthiness
STATES REGULATION TERMS
Flag States and Classification
Most flag states are authorising classification
societies to carry out inspections and issue
certificates on their behalf on their fleet operating
internationally
This is called Statutory Certification

Flag states authorise Classification Societies

recognised by them
IMO has issued a Resolution with guidelines for such
recognition
STATES REGULATION TERMS
Port State
Nation where a vessel intends to dock
Obligations and Responsibilities:
Boarding of ships and checking the status of
certification
Physical inspection to verify that ships are
complying with international conventions
Ensuring that adequate shore reception facilities
are provided for the disposal of sludge, oily bilge
water, and other residues, with specific
requirements for ports and terminals where crude oil
and other oils than crude are loaded.

In case of serious deficiencies, ships may be detained

until rectification has been carried out
STATES REGULATION TERMS
Coastal State
Nation within which a vessel passes through a
territorial sea or Exclusive Economic Zone

Responsibilities and Environmental Rights in

the Territorial Sea:
Enforcement of environmental protective rules
decided by IMO
Prohibition of pollution discharges
Forcing foreign ships out of territorial sea in case
of willful and serious pollution
Designation of protected areas
Designation of navigational routes
 THE MARPOL REGIME
Summing Up

FLAG STATE Implement MARPOL

regulations on own ships

Implement MARPOL
COASTAL STATE regulations in territorial
waters
Implement MARPOL
PORT STATE regulations on ships
docking at ports

SHIPOWNER Ensure implemented

standards being
maintained
ANNEX I: OIL

What will be regulated?

Discharge into the sea of oil or oily
mixtures from oil tankers and ships.
 ANNEX I: OIL
Discharge Restrictions
Bases of restriction and regulated:
the type of vessel (oil tanker or ship)
gross tonnage
route (while passing through special areas or a
certain distance from the nearest land)
Ships Ships Drilling Rigs and
AREA Oil Tankers
400 GRT <400 GRT Other Platforms
Antarctic Area NO NO NO NO
Within 50 miles
from nearest land NO NO Minimal NO

Special Area (SA) NO NO Minimal NO

Outside SA and 50
miles away from Minimal Minimal Minimal Minimal
nearest land
 ANNEX I: OIL
Minimum Discharge
For Oil Tankers:
The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does
not exceed 30 liters per nautical mile.
The total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not
exceed 1/15,000 (for old tankers) or 1/30,000 (for new
tankers) of total quantity of cargo.

For Ships:
The oil content of effluent without dilution does not
exceed 15 ppm.
The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content is the
rate of discharge of oil in liters per hour at any instant divided
by the speed of the ship in knots at the same instant.
OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits
it

750
Oil Content of Discharge NOT ALLOWABLE i m
ZONE L
um
im
300 450 600
Not allowed, ax
(liter/hr)

too slow!
M Faster, OK!

content, OK!
Lower oil
ALLOWABLE
150

ZONE
1 knot = 1 nm/hr

5 0
10 15 20 25
RULES: IfShip
If running slowly, Speed
oil content
then reduce(knots)
is higher,
oil content
then speed
of discharge!
up!
OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits

DATA POINTS

800
103 104 105 106 107 OLD
Total Oil Discharged
0.07 0.67 6.67 66.7 666.7 Tankers
0.03 0.33 3.33 33.3 333.3
600
(MT)

NOT ALLOWABLE ZONE

(Area above each curve)
400

NEW
Tankers
100

0 103 104 105 106 107

Oil Cargo (MT)
ANNEX I: OIL
Discharge Exceptions
Inside Special Areas (Red Sea, Arabian Gulf):
Discharge of clean or segregated ballast or processed
bilge water from machinery spaces only if:
The bilge water does not originate from cargo pump-room
bilges.
The bilge water is not mixed with cargo oil residues.
The ship is proceeding en route.
The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not
exceed 15 parts per million.
The ship has in operation oil filtering equipment.
ANNEX I: OIL
Discharge Exceptions
Outside Special Areas on an international voyage:
Discharge of clean or segregated ballast or unprocessed oily
mixtures which without dilution have an oil content not
exceeding 15 ppm and which do not originate from cargo pump-
room bilges and are not mixed with cargo oil residues.

In case of emergency or accident

Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the
purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea.
Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture resulting from
damage to a ship or its equipment.
Discharge of substances containing oil used for the purpose of
combating pollution incidents to minimize the damage from
pollution.
 ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES
Four Categories of Noxious Substances
Category Hazard to marine resources Harm to amenities or other
or human health legitimate uses of the sea
A Major hazard Serious harm
Less Harmful

B Hazard Harm
C Minor hazard Minor harm
D Recognizable hazard Minimal harm

Discharge regulations in all areas

ship is proceeding en route
minimum speed 7 knots (self-propelled) or 4

For Categories knots (not self-propelled)

at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land
A, B, and C
discharge below the waterline
minimum water depth 25 meters
 ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES
Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas
Outside special areas Within special areas
A Maximum concentration of tank Maximum concentration of tank
washings 0.1% by weight washings 0.05% by weight
per tank max. 1 m3 or 1/3,000 the tank has been pre-cleaned,
of the tank capacity in m3 and the washings have been
concentration of the substance discharge to a reception facility
B in the wake astern of the ship concentration of the substance
max. 1 ppm in the wake astern of the ship
max. 1 ppm

C
per tank max. 3 m3 or 1/1,000
of the tank capacity in m3
concentration of the substance
in the wake astern of the ship
max. 10 ppm
per tank max. 1 m3 or 1/3,000 of
the tank capacity in m3
concentration of the substance
in the wake astern of the ship
max. 1 ppm
 ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES
Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas (cont.)
In All Areas (inside or outside Special Areas)
ship is proceeding en route
D minimum speed 7 or 4 knots
at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land
max. one part of the substance in ten parts of water

Chemical tankers shall have an International Pollution Prevention

Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
However, ships that have an International Certificate of Fitness
for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk as per IBC Code, do
not need such a certificate as they are deemed to comply under the
IBC Code
Chemical tankers shall also have a Procedures and
Arrangements (P&A) Manual and a Cargo Record Book
 ANNEX III: HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
Harmful Substances carried in Packaged Form
Applies to all ships
A ship is subject to inspection where there are clear grounds
for believing that the master or the crew are not familiar with
essential shipboard procedures relating to the prevention of
pollution by noxious liquid substances.
Steps should be taken to ensure that the ship shall not sail
until the situation has been brought to order.

Identification of Annex III Substances

bio-accumulated to a significant extent and known to produce a
hazard to aquatic life or to human health ;
bio-accumulated with attendant risk to aquatic organisms or to
human health with a short retention of the order of one week or less;
liable to produce tainting of seafood;
highly toxic to aquatic life.
 ANNEX IV: SEWAGE
applies to all ships 400 GRT carrying 14 persons or more
From Treatment Comminuted and
Untreated
Plants (TP) Disinfected
TP has been TP has been approved Retained in holding
approved by the by the Administration tanks
Administration
At least 12 nautical
No visible floating At least 4 nautical miles miles from the
solids or from the nearest land nearest land
discoloration of
surrounding water Discharge rate
approved by the
Administration
Ship is proceeding
en route minimum
speed 4 knots
 ANNEX V: GARBAGE
Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic, and
operational waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof
Cargo associated waste, spilt cargo and cargo waste
are also to be considered as garbage if none of the
other Annexes is applicable
 ANNEX V: GARBAGE
applies to all ships, including yachts, fishing vessels and
offshore platforms

Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas

Within Special Areas Outside Special Areas
Plastics Other Food Plastics Lining, and Food wastes
garbage wastes buoyant and other garbage
packing
materials

Prohibited Prohibited At least Prohibited At least 25 At least 12 nm

12 nm nm from the from the
from the nearest land nearest land,
nearest but 3 nm if passed
land Through a
comminuter/grinder
MARPOL 73/78
Implementation in
Saudi Arabia
MARPOL 73/78
Requirements for Implementation
Develop and implement a national implementation plan.
Report implemented measures and their effectiveness.
Exchange information.
Promote public awareness and education

Recommended Phases of Implementation

Phase 1: Determination of co-ordinationED mechanisms
L
and organization of process.L
H !
C A C assessment of
I S
Phase 2: Establishment of inventory O A
and
S S
national infrastructure P R
and capacity.
C E P
A
Phase 3: Setting ofOpriorities and determination of
R UP
P
objectives.
S -
I M
TH TO of a National Implementation Plan
Phase 4: Formulation
O
(NIP) Tand specific Action Plans.
B
Phase 5: Endorsement of the NIP and Action Plans
 MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Bottom-Up Approach Top-Down Approach
National Legislation National Legislation
1
Phase 5
Saudi Arabian
Phase 4 2
Approach
Phase 3
3
Phase 2

Phase 1 4

1 Draft a National Implementation Plan (NIP) and specific Action Plans (APs
2 Min. of Transport submits NIP and APs for review to the stakeholders
3 Stakeholders approve or recommend a revision of the NIP and APs
4 NIP and APs are endorsed to the National Government for legislation
MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
REQUIRED ACTIVITIES

Development of a detailed inventory of ships and ports.

Drafting of new legislation/regulation.
Strengthening of compliance and enforcement of
existing regulation.
Training and capacity building activities on various
issues.
Development of a national marine pollution
management strategy.
Monitoring to ensure compliance and enforcement of
regulations.
Development of reception facilities at ports.
Implementation of awareness-raising and education
activities
MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Key Factors in NIP Formulation
availability of data to inform decisions,
political commitment,
meaningful participation of ship owners,
access to resources: human, financial, and
technical.
Important Consideration
sharing of responsibilities for developing specific
Action Plans amongst:
government agencies
industry
other stakeholders
 MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION
Key Organizational Structure
PME Ship Owners
(Marine Environment) (Compliance)

Ministry of Transport
(Focal Point)

Ports Authority Coast Guard

(Port Activities) (Enforcement)

Other Stakeholders
(e.g. General Public, etc.)

Arrows and connectors are coordinating mechanisms!

MARPOL 73/78: TASKING
Major tasks of the key players in implementation
Ministry of Transport
national focal point for the MARPOL Convention
main executing agency responsible for enabling
activities leading to the development of a National
Implementation Plan

Presidency of Meteorology and

Environment (PME)
principal body for planning and coordination of activities
related to environmental protection and improvement
concerned with environmental pollution problems and
provides for preventive and ameliorative measures to
check environmental degradation
MARPOL 73/78: TASKING (cont.)
Port Authority
installation of reception facilities
inspection of ships requesting use of ports

Coast Guard
enforcement and monitoring within territorial waters
and the EEZ
make apprehensions for ships in violation of MARPOL

Ship Owners
ensure compliance of ships with MARPOL requirements,
in coordination with the Ministry of Transport (survey)
monitor performance of own ships within and outside
territorial waters
THANK YOU