Amit

amit@arcgeosystems.com
amit.k@iitb.ac.in

02/21/11 1
 What is GIS ?
 Geographic Information System
(GIS) is camputer based decision- USER

SPATIAL & TABULAR

making tool to plan, impelement
and govern the objects in space.

RULES FOR
 An application methodology for

DECISION
MAKING
location specific Planning

DATA -
 GIS transforms data into
information on spatial locations of GIS
entities that occupy space in the
natural and built environment.

HARDWARE &
GIS SOFTWARE

02/21/11 2
What is spatial data?
80% of all information held in databases
anywhere in the world contains some kind of
geographic element
Information that has:
A location (spatial data)
Values for a phenomena (attribute data)

Additional information includes

Connectivity
Contiguity

02/21/11 3
Spatial Data
Spatial Data: Any entity
that has location and can
be shown on a map. E.g.,
Maps of States of India.
Conventional Data:
Attributes of the spatial
entity. E.g., State wise Per
Capita Income.

02/21/11 4
Role of Spatial data and GIS:
Economic problems have spatial dimension.
Decision support system requires the total
information to tackle these problems.
GIS is capable to capture, store, manipulate,
analyze and visualize a diverse set of spatial data.
Spatial perspective is very useful in the
establishment of linkage between various types of
process i.e. hydrological process, soil erosion,
vegetation cover, human activities etc, and also
interaction between them.

02/21/11 5
 Development Goal

Data Collection
And Survey

Plan Formulation

Analysis &
Forecasting
Conventional
Database GIS
Evaluation

Plan Selection

Implementation

02/21/11 6
 Contex of GIS:

02/21/11 7
Advantages of GIS Applications:

• Interactive Visualization/Analysis
• Planning and Management
• Spatial Data Management and
Access
• Environmental Risk Assessment
• Multi-Dimensional Planning
• Custom Applications Development
For Decision Support
• Web-accessible Spatial
Information
02/21/11 8
02/21/11 9
I. Application of GIS for Watershed Management
Basic Steps
• Acquisition of DEM data from
Satellite Image/Toposheet

• Conduct DEM processing to

derive stream, catchment, and
drainage point features

• Populate data with required

attributes

• Use network analysis and

Archydro tools to derive
desired metrics

02/21/11 10
 Digital Elevation Model
Processing:
 DEM is base data to
derive the following grids:
 Flow Direction
 Flow Accumulation
 Stream Network
 Drainage Basins

02/21/11 11
 Network Analysis:
•What is stream flow at a
given location?

•How many acres of

agricultural land occur
above a given point?

•To which basins does

water flow from a given
location?

02/21/11 12
 Watershed analysis
• What is the dominant land
use in a basin?
• How many miles of road
occur adjacent to a river?
• How many ha of intensive
agriculture occur above a
given location?
• What is the relationship
between land use and water
quality?
• Where are the most
vulnerable habitats?
• Where is highest population
densities?
02/21/11 13
 Further riverine analysis
• Accessing and
managing data
for real-time flood
prediction
• Ecological
modeling support
and data
management
Research Tool
Graph of Mesohabitat
15000

10000
6929
11237 •
5881
4327

for scenario
5000 2630
86 127 40 122
Legend 0
Count
VALUE Habitat Type (by color)
Dry
Backwater

Shallow Margin

Shallow Margin w/ Structure

testing eg climate
change, land use
Riffle
Deep Margin

Deep Margin w/ Structure

Mid-Channel

dynamics
Mid-Channel w/ Structure

02/21/11 14
 Local Spatial Data Infrastructure (LSDI)
for Watershed Management:
 Vital components of watershed management:
- Soil and land resource data for planning at micro level
- Creation of a multi-temporal database for natural resources.
- People's participation
- Awareness for farmers, policy makers, users, soil
conservationists and scientists
 People's participation at micro level
 Technological Integration:
- GIS along with conventional Database
- Hydrological and Socio-economic analysis
- Technological adoption and Conventional Practices

02/21/11 15
II. GIS Application for SEZ/Township
Development:
Precise Spatial Overview
Multi-layered information
 Infrastrucutral Planning
Environmental planning in
context of regulation
Congestion Management
Policy and Regulation
implementations

02/21/11 16
III. Virtual reality GIS Applications
Virtual Reality GIS
supports creation,
manipulation and
exploration of geo-
referenced virtual
environments

Applications include
3D simulation for
planning with
different scenarios

02/21/11 17
IV. Real-time GIS Application
With the availability of real-time
positioning systems, it is possible
to develop GIS that monitor,
transmit, record and analyse the
movement of mobile agents such
as vehicles, people or animals and
hazards (telegeomonitoring).

Real time monitoring of a Tropical Cyclone over west coast of India

02/21/11 18
Other GIS Application Areas:
Health and Anemities planning
Market Research, ERP and SAP
Operations Management - Distribution and Retail
Services
Spatial Information Services - Tourist & Tour
Operators
Spatial Services Management – Defense and
Disaster Management
Spatial Services Management - Land & Utilities
Planning & Management
& Many Others

02/21/11 19
Our Key Specialities:
Best trained professionals in GIS industry
Best services on GIS related skills and
consultancy: Image processing, remote
sensing, country planning, watershed planning,
statistical analysis etc
Up to date technological development
Work for all GIS software plateform
All data conversion and data security measures
Collobration with innovative firms abroad

02/21/11 20
Contact us :
ArcGeosystems
Mayur Vihar Phase I
New Delhi 110091
INDIA
Contact: +91-9911059101
Email: info@arcgeosystems.com
Website: www.arcgeosystems.com

02/21/11 21
02/21/11 22