Diploma in Occupational

Therapy

Neuroscience
OTNS 1113: Cerebellum
(Topic 10)
 Learning Objectives
1. State the location of the cerebellum
2. Describe the surface, fissures, cortex and
lobes of the cerebellum
3. Describe the primary function of the
cerebellum
4. Describe the cerebellar peduncles and their
functions.
 primary
function
Cerebellum location
1. role in motor control - coordination
2. some cognitive functions - attention Posterior to the
and language medulla and pons
3. motor learning, most notably structure and inferior to the
learning to adjust to changes in posterior portion of
sensorimotor relationships
surface the cerebrum.

Peduncles
tentorium cerebelli

midbrain Superior lobes Falx cerebelli

pon Medial the shape of the

cerebellum like a butterfly.
Cerebella
Medula
Inferior cortex Central constricted area call
oblongata
vermis and the lateral wings or
anterior lobes lobes are the cerebelar
hemispheres
parallel ridges
called folia Posterior lobes
white matter are flocculonodular
tract called
lobe
arbor vitae
 Peduncles lobes

midbrain Superior Cerebellum

anterior lobes

contain axon that extend

from the cerebellum to the
Others govern subconscious
red nuclei of the midbrain function aspect of the skeletal
and to several nuclei of the muscles movements.
thalamus.

pon Medial Posterior lobes

carry commands for voluntary flocculonodular lobe

movements (that originate in motor (inferior lobes)
areas of the cerebral cortex) from the
pontine nuclei into the cerebellum
to equibilirium and balance.
Medula
oblongata
Inferior

carry sensory information from the vestibular

apparatus of the inner ear and from
proprioceptors throughout the body into the
cerebellum.
 Cerebellum
Cerebellum

2nd largest part of

the brain.
Occupied the
inferior and
posterior aspects
of the cranial
cravity.
Posterior to the
medulla and pons
and inferior to the
posterior portion
of the cerebrum.
 Anatomy of Cerebellum
Anatomy of Cerebellum
A deep groove known as the transverse
fissure.
The tentorium cerebelli supports the
posterior part of the cerebrum, separate the
cerebellum from the cerebrum.
Superior and inferior view, the shape of the
cerebellum like a butterfly.
Central constricted area call vermis and the
lateral wings or lobes are the cerebelar
hemispheres.
Cerebellum
Tentorium Cerebelli
 Anatomy of Cerebellum
Anatomy of Cerebellum
Each hemisphere consists of lobes
separated by deep and distinct fissures.
The anterior and posterior lobes govern
subconscious aspect of the skeletal
muscles movements.
The flocculonodular lobe on the inferior
surface contributes to equibilirium and
balance.
Cerebellum
 Anatomy
Anatomy of
of Cerebellum
Cerebellum
The superficial of the cerebellum called cerebellar
cortex, consists of gray matter in a series of slender,
parallel ridges called folia.
the white matter are tract called arbor vitae that
resembles branches of a tree.
Even deeper, within the grey matter are the cerebellar
nuclei, regions of gray matter that give rise to axons
carrying impulses from the cerebellum to other brain
centers and to the spinal cord.
 Cerebellar Peduncles
3 paires of C.P attach the cerebellum to the
brainstem.
These bundle of white matter consists of axons
that conduct impulses between the cerebellum
and other part of the brain.
The inferior C.P carry sensory information from
the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear and
from proprioceptors throughout the body into
the cerebellum.
Cerebellar Peduncles
 Cerebellar
Cerebellar Peduncles
Peduncles (Cont..)
(Cont..)
The axons extend from the inferior olivary
nucleus of the medulla and from the
spinocerebellar tract of the spinal cord into
the cerebellum.
The middle C.P are the largest peduncles.
Their axons carry commands for voluntary
movements (that originate in motor areas of
the cerebral cortex) from the pontine nuclei
into the cerebellum.
 Cerebellar
Cerebellar Peduncles
Peduncles (Cont..)
(Cont..)
The superior C.P contain axon that extend from the
cerebellum to the red nuclei of the midbrain and to
several nuclei of the thalamus.
Cerebellar Peduncles
 Fx of the Cerebellum
1. Evaluate how well movements initiated by motor
areas in the cerebrum are actually being carry out.
(motor function)
- when movements initiate by the cerebral motor areas
are not being carry out correctly, the cerebellum
detects the discrepancies.
- it then send feedback signals to motor areas of the
cerebral cortex, via its connection to the red nucleus
and thalamus.
- the feedback signals help correct the errors, smooth
the movements and coordinate complex sequences of
skeletal muscles contraction.
 Fx
Fx of
of the
the Cerebellum
2. Regulates posture and balance. (motor
function)
- make possible all skilled muscular activities
(catching a baseball, dancing and speaking)

3. Cognition (nonmotor function)

- the presence of reciprocal connection between
the cerebellum and association areas of the
cerebral cortex suggest cerebellum have a
function in cognition (acquisition of
knowledge) and language processing.
 TERIMA
KASIH
Kuliah akan bersambung
dengan brain stem