STRUCTURAL HEALTH

MONITORING

M. Mayur
S.I.E.T.K
Puttur.
Contents:

Definition
What is SHM?
Pattern of SHM
Importance of SHM
Components
Conclusion.
 Structure:

Combination of :

Foundations,
Basements,
Columns,
Beams,
Slabs etc
Types:
Damages Due to:

mismanagement in construction,

lack of quality in control,

temperature conditions

Damages such as surface cracks, segregation,

settlements etc
 Damage:

Changes in:

geometric properties ,
boundary conditions ,
system connectivity

which adversely affect the structures

performance.
What should we do?
In 19th Century:

rail road wheel tappers - used the sound of a

hammer when striked against the wheel of
train to detect the damage.

In rotating machinery, vibration monitoring

is used as performance evaluation technique.
 Then, these techniques are utilized to detect

the damages in the structure, and then a new

field emerged namely Structural Health

Monitoring.
What is Structural Health
Monitoring?

The process of implementing a damage

detection and characterization strategy for

engineering structures is referred as

Structural Health Monitoring.

(in short)
Pattern of SHM:
Operational Evaluation,

Data Acquisition and Cleansing,

Feature Extraction & Data Compression, and

Statistical Model Development for Feature

Discrimination
Operational Evaluation:
Under which operations, the structure
services and damage.

Life safety and economic justification for

performing SHM.

Limitations of acquiring data in SHM.

Data Acquisition:
This parts deals with:

number of sensors,
types of sensors,
selecting their excitation methods &
data storage techniques.
Data Normalization:

separating changes in sensor readings from

damage to those caused by varying

operational & environmental conditions.

Feature Extraction:

Feature extraction gives the technical

literature to distinguish between damaged and

non damaged items of buildings.

Statistical Model
Development:

Statistical Model Development is used for

determining damaged and undamaged

structures.
 Importance of SHM:
SHM improves - safety & functionality of
structures.

Monitoring - develop innovative design

methodologies - timely warning of impending
failures.

Structural condition monitoring and assessment

are required for timely and cost-effective
maintenance.
 Embedment of sensors during construction
and measurement of structural responses
during service will enable condition
assessment and remaining life estimation
easy and convenient

Monitoring scheme helps to gather data on

the realistic performance of the structures,
which in turn will help to design better
structures for the future.
 Saptha Suthras:

All materials have inherent laws or defects

The assessment of damage requires a comparison

between two system states

Identifying the damage differs than the type and

vulnerability of the damage, which requires skill.
 Sensors cannot measure damage. Feature extraction
and statistical classification is required to convert
sensor data to damage information.

Damage information depends upon the intelligence of

sensors feature extraction.
 There is a trade-off between the sensitivity to
damage of an algorithm and its noise
rejection capability.

DS 1/RE
(damage size) (1/ frequency range of
excitation)
Components:

Structure
Sensors
Data acquisition systems
Data management
Data transfer
Data interpretation and diagnosis
 Why SHM?

o Following parameters can be monitored:

Deflection,
strain,
rotation,
temperature,
acceleration,
corrosion,
pre stressing force, etc
 Sensors:

Sensors measure the physical quantity of damage and

sends it to computer.
Good Sensor :
Is sensitive to the measured property

Isinsensitive to any other property likely to be

encountered in its application

Does not influence the measured property.

 DA systems:

Data acquisition is the process of sampling signals

that converts the resulting samples into digital
numeric values.

Sensors

Signal conditioning circuitry

Analog-to-digital converters
 Data management system manipulates the
management of data obtained from sensors.

Data transfer systems are used to transfer the

data to systems which help in predicting the
failures of structures.
SHM monitoring for a dam in China:
Conclusion:

There is always no particular

conclusion for any technology
related concept.

But, this concept ends with

conclusion with that even structures
have life and we (civil engineers)
are here to protect it from various
diseases.
Thank
you...