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How many value of notes does the following has?

7
10
11
17

31
RHYTHM
Rhythm
refers to the distribution of
notes in time that is the
arrangement of long and
short notes, and their
accentuation
Rhythmic Pattern is a
combination of notes and
rests found in one measure of
a given time signature.
Time elements in music
Beat
Meter
Rhythmic Pattern
BEAT - is the regular pulsation in music
No. of Beats in
Kind of Note Symbol Kind of Rest Symbol
Common Time
Whole Note Whole Rest 4 beats

Half Note Half Rest 2 beats

Quarter Note Quarter Rest 1 beat

Eight Note Eight Rest beat

Sixteenth Note Sixteenth Rest beat


1 2 3 4

da
da da
da da da da
di di di di di di di di
di li di li di li di li di li di li di li di li
Note Tree
Rest Tree
The duration of notes may
also be prolonged by using a
dot, a tie or a fermata.
1. A dot, when placed after a note or arrest,
increases the duration of the note or rest by
one half of its original value.
2. Another way of increasing the duration of a
note is by using a tie. This is a curved line that
joins two or more notes of the same pitch. It
indicates that the second note is not to be
sounded, but its time value is added to the time
value of the first note.
The duration of note may also be prolonged
using a fermata. This musical sign ( ) when
placed above or below the note, indicates that
the note is held longer than the indicated time
value
Meter is a pattern of strong
and weak beats. All meter
types can be simplified to
duple or triple meter.
1. Simple Rhythms
A. Duple Meter has two beats in a
measure, the first of which is accented.
This kind of meter makes us feel like
marching.
B. Triple Meter has three beats in a
measure, the first of which is
accented. Waltzes have this meter
2. Compound Meters
A. Compound duple has two accent
groupings in one measure
B. Compound triple has three accent
groupings in one measure
Non Metric refers to music with no
fixed grouping of beats, no time
signature and no measure bars.
Examples of nonmetric musics are
chants.
2
3
4
Meter Signatures or Time Signatures are
numbers which represent the fundamental
number of beats in a pattern and the
durational value of the beat.

Notation of meter signature is similar to a


fraction, with the upper number indicating the
number of beats in a measure and the lower
number indicating the kind of notes that gets
1 beat.
The time signature means
that there are 2 beats in every
measure and a quarter note
receives 1 beat

The time signature means


that there are 3 beats in every
measure and a quarter note
receives one beat
The time signature
means that there are 4
measures and a quarter
note receives one beat.

The time signature


means there are 6 beats in
every measure and eight
note receives one beat
O Nanay Ko
The Waltz
TEXTURE
is the thinness and thickness of musical
sounds of a single or more than one
melodic lines sounding simultaneously
(monophonic, polyphonic, homophonic,
heterophonic). Harmony can also be
under the broader elements of texture.
Harmony is the simultaneous
sounding of two or more pitches,
the vertical structure of music
flowing through time and
supporting the melody. (Some
music do not have the element/s
of harmony)
FORM
Is the overall structural organization
of a musical composition and the
interrelationships of musical events
within the overall structure (Phases,
sections)
Binary form consist of two
different melodic ideas

Ternary Form consist of


three different melodic ideas
TEMPO
Refers to the speed of the musical sounds and silences.

Largo very slow, broad


Lento slow
Adagio slow, at ease
Andante moderately slow
Moderato moderate
Allegro fast
Vivace quick, lively
Presto very fast
Accelerando gradually increase in speed
Ritardando gradually decrease in speed
DYNAMICS
-Are the degree of loudness or softness of the music

Symbol Name Meaning


ppp pianississimo very, very soft
pp pianissimo very soft
p piano soft
mp mezzo piano moderately soft
mf mezzo forte moderately loud
f forte loud
ff fortissimo very loud
fff fortississimo very, very loud
> decrescendo gradually decreasing loudness
< crescendo gradually increasing loudness
TIMBRE
-is the characteristic quality of a voice or
instrument. Different female voices (soprano, alto,
contralto) and male voices (tenor, baritone, bass)
have different qualities. Timbres also differ among
classes of instruments such as idiophones,
membranophones, chordophones and
aerophones. Among singers and instrumentalists
different articulations (legato, staccato) also
changes the quality of sounds.

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