Sociology and Anthropology

Syllabus Outline
I. Principles and Foundation of Sociology
and Anthropology
II. The Person and the Society
III. The Social Institutions
IV. Social Changes
Anthropology
 Anthropology

Who are you?

What makes you?
What is your place in
this world?
 Anthropology
Etymological Definition
anthropos (Greek) = man
logos (Greek) = study
Essential Definition
Branch of knowledge which deals with the
scientific study of man, his works, body,
behavior and values within a specific time
and space.
 Anthropology
scientific
physical, subject to time and space
human evolution
fossils of man
geographical population processes of change
archeological and prehistoric
 Anthropology
mans works, body, behavior and values
Discovers when, where and why humans
appeared on earth
Why there are variations in physical
features
Ancient customs and practices
 Anthropology
Man
Focal point of
anthropological
investigation
and analysis
Regardless of
color,
affiliation,
belief,
technology
 Anthropology
Man
works and
achievements
Arts
Architecture
Technology
Sculpture
Literature
Music
 Anthropology
How and why man have changed
How and why societies across culture and
time have different customary ideas and
practices
Belief, politics, religion, social life,
aesthetics, health
 Branches of Anthropology
Racial history
Physical
Paleontology

Cultural Human
Anthropology genetics

Ethnography
Archeology

Ethnology
Linguistics
Social
Anthropology
 Branches of Anthropology
1. Physical / biological
Anthropology
Biology + culture
Paleontology (origin of
man)
Evolution of race
Racial classifications
Racial differentiations
(human genetics)
 Branches of Anthropology
2. Cultural Anthropology
Social heritage and customs
Technology
Economic life community
organizations
Family life
Secret societies
Government
Law
Religion
Arts
 Branches of Anthropology

Ethnography

Cultural Ethnology
Anthropology
Social
Anthropology
 Branches of Anthropology
2. Cultural
Anthropology
(subdivisions)
Ethnography (pure
description of
culture)
 Branches of Anthropology
2. Cultural
Anthropology
(subdivisions)
Ethnology
(comparison of one
culture with
another)
 Branches of Anthropology
2. Cultural
Anthropology
(subdivisions)
Ethnology
(comparison of
one culture
with another)
 Branches of Anthropology
2. Cultural
Anthropology
(subdivisions)
-- Social
Anthropology
(generalizations
on social life;
enthnology +
ethnography)
 Branches of Anthropology
3. Archeology
Mans prehistoric culture and society
Fossils (organic)
Artifacts (man made)
 Branches of Anthropology
4. Linguistics
Recorded and
unrecorded languages
Relationship between
language and culture
Sociology
 Sociology

Who are the people

around you?
What is their story?
How do these stories
affect you?
 Sociology
Etymological Definition
socius (Latin) = group / partners
logos (Greek) = study

sociology coined by August Comte

(French philosopher, 1798-1857)
Essential Definition
Scientific study of
patterns of human
interaction that
deals with the study
of group life (Joseph
Fichter).
 Sociology
scientific
Body of knowledge of
patterned structure
Utilizes scientific methodology
Investigates the social world
Inquires how groups are
formed
Determines how groups affect
the individual and vice versa
 Sociology
Human interactions
Social relations
Story of people
Ways toward each other
Social behavior
(and not of the individual)
Changes taking place within society
 Socio-Anthropology
and Other Social Sciences
Sociology

Economics Anthropology

Political
History Science

Psychology
 Socio-Antrhopology
and Other Social Sciences
Psychology
study of processes of the
mind such as perception,
attitudes, values and their
determinants

History
Study of the past events
and their context that
possess social significance
 Socio-Antrhopology
and Other Sciences
Economics
Study of the production,
distribution and allocation
of material goods and
services of the society
Political Science
Studies the ways people
govern themselves through
government structure and
relationships with other
institutions
 Forms of Sociology

Micro sociology (study of group life in close-up)

Macro sociology (attempt to explain the

fundamental patterns processes of social
relations)
 Areas of Sociology
1. SOCIAL
ORGANIZATION

2. SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
3. SOCIAL CHANGE
AND SOCIAL
DISORGANIZATION

SOCIOLOGY
4. HUMAN
ECOLOGY

5. POPULATION
AND
DEMOGRAPHY
6. SOCIOLOGICAL
THEORY AND
7. APPLIED METHOD
SOCIOLOGY
 Areas of Sociology
1. Social organization
study of the various social
institutions, social groups,
social stratification, social
mobility, bureaucracy,
ethnic groups and
relations.
 Areas of Sociology
2. Social Psychology
study of human nature as an outcome of group
life, social attitudes, collective behavior and
personality formation.
 Areas of Sociology
3. Social change and disorganization
study of change in culture and social relations
and disruptions that may occur in the society.
 Areas of Sociology
4. Human ecology
study of nature and behavior of a given
population as an outcome of group life, social
attitudes, collective behavior and personality
formation.
 Areas of Sociology
5. Population / Demography
study of population number, composition,
change and quality as they affect the socio-
economic-political system.
 Areas of Sociology
6. Sociological
theory and
method
concerned with
the applicability
of principles and
theories of group
life to social
environment.
 Areas of Sociology
7. Applied sociology
use of sociological researches in various fields
such as criminology, social work, community
development and other social issues.
 Areas

1.Physical 1. Social organization

anthropology 2. Social psychology
2. Cultural 3. Social change and social
anthropology disorganization
3. Archeology 4. Human ecology
5. Population and
4. Linguistics
demography
6. Sociological theory and
method
7. Applied sociology
 Researchable topics
Effects of migration in the life style of village people
The effects of OFW phenomena to family
Comparative study of marriage rites of Tagalog and Ilocanos
View on death of ancient and modern Filipinos
K-12 perception and viability among Fishermen of Laguna
The condition of Filipino nurses
The naturalization of taboos of advertisements in the
Philippines
The culture of CFAD students vis--vis other colleges
Sexuality and ethos in advertising
The economics of fashion among college students
Teen age smoking and CFAD students
Prostitution among higher education students
 Different culture among colleges
K-12 and UST
Mge eksena sa jeepney
The Phenomena of Sabong
Qiapo Files: Pananampalataya o Panatisismo
Qiapo Files: Anting-anting at Lihim ng Langit
Why do jeepney drivers dont use headlights?
Ate Yema and her Odyssey
 SOCIOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY
Focuses on social Focuses on culture
processes Recent social science
Recent social science Understand way of life,
Understand way of life, society culture
society culture Complimented by
Complimented by sociological researches
anthropological research Originated from
Originated from Western primitive groups (pre-
civilization (historical) historic)
Method: particular Method: generic
(sampling) (holistic)
 Anthropology and Sociology
Both sciences attempt to understand way of
life as manifested by the interdependence of
society and culture
Sociology zooms in at social process,
whereas, Anthropology focuses on culture
Anthropological studies are used by social
scientists and vice versa
Thus, both sciences are intimately related to
each otheri.e., humanities.
 Methodology of
Sociology and Anthropology
Scientific
Investigation Pure / Search for knowledge for
its own sake
Less concerned with

Basic practical usage of the

result

Scientific knowledge to
solve practical problems
Results used in
Applied management of business
or government,
evaluation of social
programs, etc.
 Methodology of
Sociology and Anthropology
Empirical Investigation
Direct experience of the phenomena
Use of the senses
 Methodology of Sociology and
Anthropology
Objectivity
Date must be presented, analyzed and
interpreted independently of the researchers
own beliefs and value judgments.
What you see and not what you want to see
 Methodology of Sociology and
Anthropology
Ethnical neutrality
Neutral in interpretation of
ones findings, without
being influenced by his
value judgment and
convictions about his own
culture.
 Methodology of Sociology and
Anthropology
Sociological Imagination(W. Wright Mills)
Locating oneself in the period of the society
being studied in der to understand relationships
free from social pressures of his time.
 Scientific Investigation

Observation
Participant
Observation
Interview
Identification Historical
Gathering of Method Analysis of
of the
Data Comparative Data
problem Method
Archival
research
Content
analysis
 Scientific Investigation

Identifying the gap

between actually
existing and what
I. Identification ought to exist in a
of the Problem given social situation
 Scientific Investigation
Observation use of senses on a social phenomena
Participant observation living with the subject
community
Interview deducing information from resource person/s
(may be structured or unstructured)
II. Historical method information from past events
Gathering Comparative method identifying similarities and
differences b/w societies on a particular social issue
of Data (marriage, family, deviance, etc.)
Archival research use of old records and documents
relevant in the understanding of past social events
Content analysis understanding the message context
and message handing particularly overt communication
behavior
 Scientific Investigation

Inferences,
generalization,
conclusions and
III. Analysis recommendations are
of Data formulated.
 Relevance of Studying
Sociology and Anthropology
Better
understanding
of culture and
society
Expansion of
our world
perspective
 Relevance of Sociology and
Anthropology
Identification of
uniqueness of ones
group
Provide avenues of
respect and
acceptance
 Relevance of Sociology and
Anthropology
Application of Socio-Anthropological
knowledge to the production and design of
peoples needs.
 to formulate how these needs be known to
everyone.
Unity amidst diversity
QUIZ