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BATTERY STANDARDIZATION

Introduction
The standardization of batteries started in
1912, when a committee of the American
Electrochemical Society recommended
standard methods of testing dry cells.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Accredited Standards Committee C18 on
Portable Cells and Batteries.
Many battery standards were also issued by
international, national, military, and federal
organizations.
International Standards
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is
the designated organization responsible for
standardization in the fields of electricity, electronics,
and related technologies.
This organization was founded in 1906 and consists of 50
national committees that represent more than 80% of
the worlds population and 95% of the worlds
production and consumption of electricity.
The International Standards Organization (ISO) is
responsible for international standards in fields other
than electrical. IEC and ISO are gradually adopting
equivalent development and documentation procedures
while ever closer ties are being established between
these two international organizations.
International Standards
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is
the sole U.S. representative of the IEC through the
United States National Committee (USNC).
This committee coordinates all IEC activities in the
United States.
ANSI does not itself develop standards; rather it
facilitates development by establishing consensus
among accredited, qualified groups.
ANSI also serve as interface with emerging regional
standards-developing bodies such as CENELEC, PASC,
CANENA, COPANT, ARSO, and other foreign and
national groups.
Objectives of the IEC
Efficiently meet the requirements of the global
marketplace
Ensure maximum use of its standards and conformity
assessment schemes
Assess and improve the quality of products and
services covered by its standards
Establish conditions for interchangeability
Increase the efficiency of electrotechnical industrial
processes
Contribute to the improvement of human health and
safety
Work towards protection of the environment
International Standards
The IEC sponsors the development and publication of
standard documents.
This development is carried out by working groups of
experts from participating countries.
These experts represent consumer, user, producer,
academia, government, and trade and professional
interests in the consensus development of these
standards.
The Groups of Experts in IEC working on battery
standards are:
TC 21: Rechargeable Batteries
TC 35: Primary Batteries
Concept of Standardization
The objective of battery interchangeability is achieved by
specifying the preferred values for the
physical aspects of the battery, such as dimensions,
polarity, terminals, nomenclature and marketing.
performance characteristics, such as service life or
capacity
For the replacement of the battery It is therefore
essential that certain characteristics of the battery be
specified by standard valuessize, shape, voltage and
terminals.
The designation for the ANSI Committee on Portable
Cells and Batteries is C18.
The IEC nomenclature system for primary batteries,
which became effective in 1992, is based on the
electrochemical system and the shape and size of the
battery.
IEC AND ANSI NOMENCLATURE SYSTEMS
FOR PRIMARY CELLS
The letter designations for the electrochemical
system and the type of cell remain the same as in the
previous IEC system for primary batteries.

The new numerical designations are based on a


diameter/ height number instead of the arbitrary size
classification used previously.

The first digits specify the diameter of the cell in


millimetres and the second the height of the cell
(millimetres times 10).
AA and AAA batteries, as well as C and D batteries, all have 1.5 volts.

The most obvious difference between them is their size. The AA cell
battery is slightly longer and wider than the AAA battery. The C cell battery
is larger than the AA battery, and the D battery is larger than the others.

Battery size determines the amount of current and power available.


Appliances that require more power take larger-size batteries.

The AAA batteries are designed for use in small, low-power, mostly
portable devices. Remote controls and clocks are typical examples. The AA
batteries are designed to be used in devices that consume more power,
such as battery-operated toys and small electric flashlights.
IEC NOMENCLATURE SYSTEMS FOR
SECONDARY CELLS
The documentation for standardization of rechargeable batteries is not
as complete as the documentation for primary batteries.
The large majority of rechargeable batteries were lead acid
manufactured for automotive SLI.
Standards for these batteries were developed by the Society for
Automotive Engineers (SAE), the Battery Council International (BCI) and
the Storage Battery Association of Japan.
The IEC has been considering a new nomenclature system, possibly
covering both primary and rechargeable batteries but none have yet
been published.

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