STORAGE

MANAGEMENT

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LECTURE 1

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Intorduction to information
storage technology:
Review data creation and the
amount of data being created
and understand the value of
data to a business
Upon completion of this lecture, you will be
able to:
Describe the importance of information to
individuals and to businesses
Define data and information
Discuss the categories of data
Describe the storage architectures and their
evolution

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 Digital universe The Information Explosion
21st Century is information era
Information is being created at ever increasing rate
Information has become critical for success
We live in an on-command, on-demand world
Example: Social networking sites, e-mails, video and
photo sharing website, online shopping, search
engines etc
Information management is a big challenge
Organization seek to Store Protect Optimize
Leverage the information optimally

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 Collection of raw facts from which conclusions may be drawn

Most data is being

converted into a digital Video

format 01010101010
Driven by user demand Photo 10101011010
Facilitated by 00010101011
Increase in data processing 01010101010
capabilities Book
10101010101
New and cheaper peripherals 01010101010
Lower cost and increased speed of
storage Letter Digital Data

Affordable and faster networks

Who creates data?

Individuals
Businesses
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 Data can be categorized as either structured or unstructured
data
Structured:
Data Bases
Spread Sheets E-Mail Attachments PDFs

Unstructured X-Rays
Forms Check Unstructured (80%)
Images
Manuals
Audio Instant Messages

Movies Images
Documents

Over 80% of enterprise

Forms
Web Pages

Information is unstructured Rich Media

Contracts
Invoices

Audio Video

Structured (20%)
Rows and Columns
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 What do individuals/businesses
do with the data they collect?
They turn it into information
Information is the intelligence
and knowledge derived from
data

Businesses analyze raw data in

order to identify meaningful
trends
For example:
Buying habits and patterns of
customers
Health history of patients
Virtuous cycle of information
Information begets information

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 Centralized information
storage and processing

Network Network

Wired Wireless
Wireless Wired

Accessing
Uploading
information
information

Creators of Users of
information Information

Demand for more

Information

Virtuous cycle of information

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 Creating a competitive advantage
Identifying new business opportunities
Buying/spending patterns
Internet stores, retail stores, supermarkets
Customer satisfaction/service
Tracking shipments, and deliveries
Identifying patterns that lead to changes in existing business
Reduced cost
Just-in-time inventory, eliminating over-stocking of products, optimizing shipment
and delivery
New services
Security alerts for stolen credit card purchases
Targeted marketing campaigns
Communicate to bank customers with high account balances about a special savings
plan

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 Data created by individuals/businesses must be stored for further
processing
Type of storage used is based on the type of data and the rate at
which it is created and used
Examples:
Individuals: Digital camera, Cell phone, DVDs, Hard disk
Businesses: Hard disk, external disk arrays, tape library
Storage model: An evolution
Centralized: mainframe computers
Decentralized: Client server model (Data spread across many
servers)
Centralized: Storage Networking (Hugh respositories)

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 Multi Protocol
Router
LAN FC SAN

IP SAN

RAID Array SAN / NAS

JBOD

Internal DAS

Time
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Key points covered in this lesson:
Importance of information
Data, information and storage
Categories of data
Storage architectures and their evolution

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 Challenges
in Data Storage
and Management

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Upon completion of this lecture, you will be able
to:
List the five core elements of a data center
infrastructure
Describe the requirements of storage systems
for optimally supporting business activities
Explain the importance of Information Lifecycle
Management
List the activities in developing the ILM strategy

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 Applications
Databases Database Management System
(DBMS) and the physical and logical storage
of data
Servers/Operating systems
Networks (LAN and SAN)
Storage arrays

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 Storage
Server
Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

Application
User OS and Database
Interface DBMS

Consider an order processing system consisting of:

Application for order entry
Database Management System (DBMS) to store customer and product
information
Server/Operating System (OS) on which the application and database
programs are run
Networks that provide
Connectivity between Clients and the Application/Database Server (LAN)
Connectivity between the Server and the Storage system (SAN)
Storage Array database is stored on physical disks in the storage array

Data Center Infrastructure

 Storage
Server
Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

Application
User OS and Database
Interface DBMS

A customer order is entered via the Application User Interface on

a client

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 Storage
Server Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

OS and Database
DBMS

A customer order is entered via the Application User Interface on

a client
The client accesses the server over a Local Area Network

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 Storage
Server Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

O/S and Database

DBMS
A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and
write this data to the physical location on a disk

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 Storage
Server Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

O/S and Database

DBMS

A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and

write this data to the physical location on disk
A dedicated Storage Area Network provides the communication
link between the server and the storage array, and transports the
read/write commands and data between the server and the
storage array

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 Storage
Server Array
Client Storage Area
Network
Local Area
Network

Database

A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and

write this data to the physical location on disk
A Network provides the communication link between the client
and the server, and transports the read/write commands and
data between the server and the storage array
A storage array receives the read/write commands and data from
the server and performs the necessary operations to store the
data on the physical disks
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 The application should be optimized for fast
interaction with the DBMS
The tables in the database should be constructed
with care so the number of read/write operations
can be minimized
The server should have sufficient CPU and
memory resources to satisfy application and
DBMS needs
The different networks should provide fast
communication between client and server, as well
as server and storage array
The storage array should service the read/write
requests from the server for optimal performance

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When the DBMS receives a request from the
application:
It first searches the server memory; if data is
found there, the operation takes about a
millisecond
If not, it uses the operating system to request the
data from the storage array
Dedicated high speed networks transport this
request to the storage array
Intelligent storage arrays can deliver the
requested data within a few milliseconds, and are
typically configured to protect data in the event
of drive failures

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 Availability

Data Integrity Security

Manageability

Performance Capacity

Scalability

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 Exploding digital universe
Multifold increase of information growth
Increasing dependency on information
The strategic use of information plays
Changing value of information
Information that is valuable today may become less
important tomorrow.

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Constraints include:
Cost
Physical environment
Maintenance and support
Compliance regulatory and legal
Hardware and software infrastructure
Interoperability and compatibility

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Data Center management activities include:
Provisioning/Capacity/Resource Planning
Monitoring
Reporting

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 Data Storage Infrastructure
Information Lifecycle

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 Protect

New Process Deliver Warranty

order order order claim
Time
Value

Fulfilled Aged Warranty

order data Voided

Create Access Migrate Archive Dispose

A proactive strategy that enables an IT organization

to effectively manage the data throughout its lifecycle
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Policy-based Alignment of Storage Infrastructure with Data Value

AUTOMATED

Classify Implement Integrated Organize

data / policies with management storage
applications information of storage resources to
based on management environment align with data
business rules tools classes

FLEXIBLE

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 Improved utilization
Tiered storage platforms
Simplified management
Processes, tools and automation
Simplified backup and recovery
A wider range of options to balance the need for business
continuity
Maintaining compliance
Knowledge of what data needs to be protected for what length
of time
Lower Total Cost of Ownership
By aligning the infrastructure and management costs with
information value

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Key points covered in this lesson:
The five core elements of a Data Center
infrastructure
Key requirements of storage systems to support
business activities, as well as some of the
constraints
ILM strategy
Importance
Characteristics
Activities in developing ILM strategy
IML implementation
Benefits of ILM

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Key points covered in this Chapter:
Importance of data, information, and storage
infrastructure
Types of data, its value, and key management
requirements of a storage system
Evolution of storage architectures
Core elements of a data center
Importance of the ILM strategy

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