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Governing System
Governing system of steam turbine can be defined as a control and regulatory mechanism whose
objective is to enable turbine-generator unit to produce Quality Power(PF) with safe operation and
to achieve functional requirements..
Hence Governing system is designed to achieve functional requirements (Speed, Load etc) of TG
operation by controlling and regulating Turbine input parameters(Inlet pressure and mass flow rate of
steam)
Function of Governing System
A) NOZZLE GOVERNING
B) THROTTLE GOVERNING
Note(In both methods unit may be operated at constant pressure or variable pressure)
Nozzle Governing
In this method Inlet nozzles are made up in sets, each set being controlled by separate valve.
With increase and decrease in load required no of nozzles can be opened or closed.
Each valve may have separate or single control. This method is mostly adopted in Low MW
machines.
Steam flow is controlled by throttling the steam by simultaneous operation of control valves by
which first stage pressure at turbine inlet can be regulated according to the load.
In throttling enthalpy remain constant but available energy for doing work reduces
.
In CDQ Power Plant we are having Throttle Governing system.
Governing System in CDQ Power Plant(76 MW)
1)We have LOW PRESSURE(9KSC) GOVERNING System becoz no Separate pump is used here for governing
system.
2)Based on the type of Control mechanism,we have Electro Hydraulic Governing system(Electronic signal to hydraulic
signal) in CDQ Power Plant
3)Six Speed Sensing Units(Proximity Sensors)used to sense the speed of turbine to give feedback to DCS.
4)Two Electrohydraulic convertors are used for converting Electronic signals(4-20ma) to Hydraulic Signals(1.5ksc -4.5
ksc) for Control valve opening and closing signals
5)Two Oil Pumps used in Governing system (AOP/MOP) act as a main source of Turbine Governing system.
6)Two ESV and HPCV are used to inject steam inside the turbine via Governing system.
7)All the Protections and Start Permissives of Turbine should reset to Energize Master Solenoid Valve of Turbine
To Allow Governing system to start.
Trip Oil Header Pressure Should be more than 2 ksc
Control Oil header pressure Should be more than 4.5 ksc
Fire Protection protection not in act condition
TG Inlet Steam temp high and lower(not more than 556 and not less than475)
OverSpeed Protection(Turbine Speed less than 3300)
Turbine Axial Displacement(between o.7mm to o.7mm)
2222 SOV
Bearing Temp(less than 120 )
Energise
Shaft Vibration(less than 240 microns)
Emergency Push Button(not in act condition)
Overspeed Trip from EHTC(speed less than 3300rpm)
TRIP From ATR(ATRS Trip not act)
Exhaust Temp High(less than 120 deg)
Exhaust pressure High(less than -0.5ksc)
Generator protection Trip(No Trip Command from GRP and GCP Panel)
MOT level Not low
Lube Oil Overhead tank not Low.
DIFFERENT OILS USED IN GOVERNING
S.No Name of Oil Source & pressure Purpose Protection/Inerlock Colour Code
1. Control Oil MOP/AOP ( 7-8.5 Kg/cm2) To establish Trip Oil, Start-up If Pressure will be less than 4.5
Oil, Secondary Oil, Etc ksc(TG Trip)
1) After Fullfilling Startup Criterias Operator will Press EHTC ON Button in Turbine SEQ Window.
2)After that Commands will Go to I/H Convertors(4-20MA to 1.5-4.5 KSC) to Open the HPCV1&2 th
respect to criterias
3)After reaching 3000 rpm ,field breaker will be closed,excitation will be ON and Synchroscope will be
ON.
4)After Synchronising(Freq and Voltage) generator breaker will be closed and load will be increased in
speed mode.
5)when 8 mw will come load mode should be kept in ON condition.
6)We can Take machine in Load mode by Keeeping load set point more than that of actual load and
when its output will be more than speed mode output machine will run in load mode.
7)Then we can run the machine at full load 76 mw as per the pressure and steam flow parameters.