Dr. Ahmad Zulfan Hendri ,Sp.

U
syamil117@yahoo.com
 Female Reproductive System
Internal Genitalia
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
External genitalia
Vulva: Labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibulum vagina
Bartholin's glands
Skenes glands
Mammary glands
Menstrual cycle
 External Structures
External female genitals:
mons pubis
clitoris
labia majora
labia minora

These genitals are collectively known as the vulva

Often referred to as vagina, yet the vagina is an internal structure
External Structures
External Female Genitalia
 Mons Pubis
Latin for pubic mound:
The pad of fatty tissue that covers the area of the
pubic bone about 6 below navel.
Pubic hair grows on mons pubis beginning in
puberty
In many women, this area is sensitive to
stimulation
Also called mons veneris
 Clitoris
The Clitoris is the center of sexual arousal in
the female
Contains a high concentration of nerve endings
Exquisitely sensitive to stimulation
glansclitoris: the shaft of the clitoris
Clitoral hood: covers glans when clitoris not engorged

Structurally analogous to penis, though sole

function of the clitoris is sexual arousal, primarily
via indirect stimulation
 Clitoris
Clitoris also has an internal structure
Two 3.5 long branches called crura
crura contain two corpora cavernosa: hollow chambers that fill with blood and
swell during arousal

The clitoris when stimulated

Enlarges initially, then retracts beneath hood just before and during orgasm
Follows same pattern with repeated orgasms, though swelling is less
pronounced
 Labia Majora and Minora
Labia Majora outer lips
Two folds of spongy flesh extending from the
mons pubis to the perineum and enclosing the
labia minora, clitoris, urethral opening, and vaginal
entrance
Outer: covered with pubic hair; pigmented
Inner: hairless; oil glands

Engorge with blood if excited

 Labia Majora and Minora
Labia Minora
Small folds within the labia majora that meet
above the clitoris to form the clitoral hood
No hair, many oil glands; darken if sexually aroused
They vary in appearance from woman to woman
They are sensitive to the touch and swell during
sexual arousal
They enclose the vestibule: the vaginal opening
 External genitals during sexual
arousal
Clitoris becomes erect
Labia minora widen
Vestibule (vaginal opening) becomes visible
Bartholins glans (located in the vestibule)
secrete small amount of moisture
 Internal Structures
Vagina: from Latin word for sheath
4 inch, thin-walled accordion-like tube from the
introitus to the cervix, tilted back; organ of
intercourse and canal for menses and babies;
lubricant secreted from vaginal wall openings
when engorged; first 1/3 contains many nerve
endings, inner 2/3 has little nerves
 Internal Structures
Two reproductive functions of vagina
Encompasses penis during coitus (vaginal intercourse)
Birth canal
Introitus: the lower third of the vagina
The majority of the vaginas nerve endings are there

Hymen: named for Roman god of marriage

a thin membrane that partially covers introitus prior to first intercourse or
other insertion
Internal Structures
 Internal Structures
Grafenberg Spot (G-spot)
An erotically sensitive area on front wall of the vagina mid-way between pubic
bone and cervix
Existence somewhat controversial
Female ejaculation powerful orgasms and expulsion of fluid due to
stimulation of the G-spot in some women; may be Skenes glands fluid
 Internal Structures
Uterus: a hollow, thick-walled (1-inch) muscular
organ between bladder & rectum
Accommodates developing fetus during pregnancy
Only 3 by 3 in women who have not given birth
Inner lining of uterine walls known as endometrium
Contractions to expel menses and fetus
Cervix: the tapered end of the uterus, extends and
opens into the vagina
Secretes mucous to help or impede sperm, depending on the monthly cycle;
menstrual fluid travels through
Os opening leading into the uterus
Internal Structures
 Internal Structures
Ovaries: gonads that produce gametes
Produce egg cells (oocytes; ova) for reproduction (250,000 ova each)
Two ovaries; size and shape of large almonds
Ovaries release oocytes in a process called ovulation

Fallopian tubes:
Also known as uterine tubes of oviducts
One tube extends toward each ovary
They fan over the ovaries, and carry oocytes into the uterus during ovulation
Female Reproductive System
Female Internal Genitalia: Nerves
Female Internal Genitalia:
Arteries & Veins