Subject : MATH

Prepared by:
Mrs. Meenal Gadre.
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Grade Level: 8
Unit - Function

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 Relation:
A relation is
simply a set of
ordered pairs.
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 Function:
In mathematics, a function is a
relation between a set of
inputs and a set of
permissible outputs with the
property that each input is
related to exactly one output..
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 Domain
The domain is defined as the set of
input values for which the function
produces an output value.
In other words, the domain is the full
set of x-values that can be plugged into
a function to produce a y-value.
They are set of independent variables.
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 Range
The set of all output
values of a function.
They are set of
dependent variables.
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 Example
The snack that I get
from the vending
machine depends upon
the code that I enter
when prompted.
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If I enter number
1- I get a Cheese it.
2- I get Oreo cookies
3- I get A cup cake
4- Dry fruits
5- I get Chips

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Domain Range
Input Output
X Y
1 Cheese bar
2 Oreo cookies
3 A cup cake
4 Dry fruits
5 Chips

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In its simplest form the
domain (code) is all the
values that go into a
function.
The range (snack) is all the
values that comes out.
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Let us practice with more
examples and maps.

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 Example :1

Age of the students

12, 13, 14.
Height of the students -
4feet, 4.5 feet, 5 feet.
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Domain is { 12, 13, 14 }
Range is {4, 4.5, 5 }

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Domain Range

Input Output

Age Height

12 4

13 4.5

14 5

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 When there is one input / domain and one
output/ range, that relation is function.
A function relates an input to an output.
The above example is function because each
input gives only one exact output.

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Let us take another example
Domain is { 12, 14 }
Range is {4, 4.5, 5 }

Q: Is this relations a function?

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Ans:
Here one input 12 gives output as 4,
4.5. So this is not a function.

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 Any function is written as f(x) =
Here f(x) is another way of representing the y-
value in a function.

Let us take one more example.

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Domain {5,6,7} Range is {25,36,49}

It is function and is algebraically written

as F(x)= X2

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There is another video you may like to watch for
additional knowledge.
Copy and paste following link in new window.
Then play to watch the video.
http://www.phschool.com/atschool/academy123/engli
sh/academy123_content/wl-book-demo/ph-187s.html

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To conclude, I want to repeat the important concepts.

Function:- In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of

inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each
input is related to exactly one output.

Domain:- The domain is defined as the set of input values.

Range:- The set of all output values of a function.

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 In a function, there are no two: output/ range /or y-values
assigned to the same input/ domain /or x-value.
Ex:{(5), (46, 64)}.
This is not a function.

But there may be two input/ domain /or x-values assigned to

the same output/ range /or y-value, such as {(5, 9), ( 0)}.
Ex:{(5, 9), (0)}.
This is a function.

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Below are some games and quizzes that will help you
to better understand the concepts.
Copy and paste the following link in new window.
Then follow the instruction to play math game.

http://www.mathopolis.com/questions/q.php?id=5571&site=1&r
ef=/sets/function.html&qs=5571_5572_535_5207_5301_1173_72
81_533_8414_8430
http://www.mathplayground.com/functionmachine.html
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.
dspView&ResourceID=1035

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This is end of today`s class.
In the next class we will learn about the
rule in a function.

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