Archimedes’

principle
Asyiq
Farhan
Murali
Archimedes’ pic
..

lor!
 Archimedes’
• Archimedes was an ancient Greek
scientist who discovered that
floating objects are supported by an
upward force called buoyancy. ( P.S.-
he discovered this while taking a
bath, and decided to run through the
streets shouting out “Eureka,
Eureka!”)
• Buoyant force is equal to the weight
of the liquid that the force displaces.
• The theory concerning buoyancy is
called Archimedes Principle.
 Buoyancy
Why do some objects float, while other
objects sink?

A coin sinks because it weights more

than the water it displaces.
The aluminum ball floats because it
contains air within its folds.
Air weighs less than water, so the ball
weighs less than the water it
displaces.
Titanic
 Why did the
Titanic Sink?
• After it hit the iceberg, water began to
fill the air filled compartments on the
ship.
• The added weight of the water,
combined with the weight of the ship
became greater than the buoyant
force supporting the ship.
• We all know what happened after that!
Archimedes’ Principle
The magnitude of the buoyant force is given by
Archimedes’ Principle. It states that… when An
object fully or partially immersed in a fluid is
“buoyed up” by a force that is equal to the
weight of the ___________________.
_______ displaced fluid
Fbuoyant  Fb  mdisplaced fluid g
Fb  Vsubmerged g

= density of
the displaced
fluid
 Objects that Float:
 F  ___
0

Weightobject = Fb=Weightdisplaced fluid

Objects that Sink:

Wobject __ > Fb
>  fluid
So…  object __
• Imagine a very light,
thin-walled sack filled
with water that is in
equilibrium in a pool.
upward force
• Clearly, there must be an _______
exerted on the sack to balance its weight (the
pull of gravity down)
• This upward force is
actually the vector sum of all
the forces acting on the
object due to the
surrounding water, and is Pressure is greater
buoyant force.
called the _________ on bottom of sack!
How do boats/ships float?
Obviously the density of a metal rowboat or a
“concrete canoe” is greater than the density
of water, but they float because they contain
a large amount of empty space. Because of
shape they displace enough water to
their _______,
balance their own weight.
How do Submarines Dive & Surface?
NO
Does the buoyant force change? ____!
• A sub has “ballast tanks” that can
water or _____.
be filled with _______ air
• To dive, a sub must become heavier, so the tanks
water in while venting ____
allow _______ air out.
• To surface, a sub must become lighter. A supply of
water
compressed air on the sub is used to force ______
back out of the ballast tanks.
 Hot Air Balloons
If balloon is floating (not
accelerating up or down):

Fb  ________
Wtotal

(includes the weight of

the balloon, the basket,
the riders, and the ___
air
inside the balloon!)
_______
Water Bridge in Germany
The end