PREPARED BY :

ROSNITA BT MOHAMED (2014636766)

NURUL SUHADA BT ABDU RONI (2014817774)
SYAIRAH BT ZULKIFLI (2014415352)
 a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic
number 27
Cobalt is a transition metal, one of several
elements found in Rows 4 through 7 between
Groups 2 and 13 in the periodic table.
Cobalt is located between iron and nickel and
shares many chemical and physical properties
with these two elements.
SYMBOL
Co
ATOMIC NUMBER
27
The number of electrons in each of cobalt's shells is 2, 8,
15, 2 and its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d7 4s2
FAMILY
Group 9 (VIIIB)
Transition metal
 Cobalt is a hard, grey metal that looks much like
iron and nickel. Cobalt is one of only three
naturally occurring magnetic metals. The other
two are iron and nickel. The magnetic properties
of cobalt are even more obvious in alloys. An alloy
is made by melting and mixing two or more
metals. The mixture has properties different from
those of the individual metals.
The melting point of cobalt metal is 1,493C
(2,719F), and the boiling point is about 3,100C
(5,600F).
The density is 8.9 grams per cubic centimeter
 Cobaltis a moderately reactive
element. It combines slowly
with oxygen in the air, but does not
catch fire and burn unless it is in a
powder form. It reacts with most
acids to produce hydrogen gas. It
does not react with water at room
temperatures.
Cobalt blue glass
Usually a very rich deep blue
It is made by incorporating cobalt oxide (Cobalt is a
lustrous, silver-white, hard, brittle metal) and oxide a
chemical compound containing oxygen and one other
chemical element
Several cobalt compound forming cobalt blue glass:
1)cobalt oxide with alumina (cobalt (II) aluminate)-
forming turquoise blue glass
2)cobalt silicate-forming violet-blue glass
Other cobalt compound forming other than blue colour
of glass
-cobalt oxide with borosilicate-forming ruby glass or
cranberry glass
 Most clear glass begins as a combination of a silica or sand,
plus soda and lime.
Glass makers add elements and minerals, such as iron or
cobalt oxide, to derive different colors in the glass-making
process.
When glass is made from heating sand and other sources of
carbon to very high temperatures, the heat causes the carbon
to become a molten substance. Before the glass can cool and
solidify, cobalt can be added to the mixture to give the glass a
deep blue color. Cobalt is one of the strongest pigmenting
metals, so only a very small amount is needed to make the
blue coloring occur. Most glass will need just 0.5 percent
cobalt to produce a striking color.
Some manufacturers may want a fainter shade of blue. To
achieve this, and to ensure there is enough cobalt in the glass
mixture, iron or manganese is added to the glass to make the
glass harder and also to mute the cobalts blue.
 Contd..
Flame tests (Applied by scienticst)
A test in which a substance is put over a
flame, and the change in the flames
color determines what metals are in the
substance.
If there is no optical filter, sodium and
iron contaminate the flame color, making
it look too yellow. Using cobalt glass as an
optical filter balances out the color and
makes it easier for scientists to view the
metal ions.
 made by sintering finely ground CoO and
Al2O3 (alumina) at 1200 C
Known as Cobalt blue
Widely used for colour
Aluminates are compounds with a negatively-
charged alumina ion and a metallic oxide with
various industrial applications such as water
treatment and ceramics and glass manufacturing.

CoO + Al2O3 [CoAl2O4] 2-

 CoO + Al2O3 [CoAl2O4] 2-

Oxidation no :+2
Coordination no :6
Geometry shape : octahedral
 Crystal Field Theory
Energy level diagram :
___

Co2+ _____ E
3d
__

Since the E is low, the tendency of the colour to

be absorb is high and the deflected colour is blue
References:
http://www.chemistryexplained.com/elements/A-C/Cobalt.html
http://www.ehow.com/how_5942658_tell-cobalt-blue-blue-glass.html