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Huawei LTE CSFB Solution

Author/ Email: Sun Xiaoran / sunxiaoran@huawei.com
Version: 4.0 (20130702)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Contents

Why & What LTE Voice

Innovative LTE CSFB Voice Solutions

Huawei LTE CSFB Voice Progress

 LTE Voice Solution Options
VoLTE( with or w/o SRVCC): Voice
IMS only*, E2012
over IMS over LTE; handover & IMS-SRVCC, 2013
roaming to 2G/3G is supported
Voice & Data
on LTE
OTT Mode: To rely on OTT Not standardized
applications for voice service offering Project specific

LTE Voice
Solution
CS Fallback: UE is attached on LTE,
and fallback to 2G/3G for voice calls LG Optimus, Samsung
(MTC and MOC) Galaxy SII HD, SK Telecom
South Korea since 10-2011
Data on LTE
Voice on 2G/3G CS
SVLTE (Dual Standby): Dual
simultaneously radio access running
on the same UE allowing data on LTE
and voice on 2G/3G CS in parallel Samsung Craft LTE smart-
phone, USA MetroPCS,
Verizon since Q4-2010
*) Possibility to use VoIMS over LTE without SRVCC function (no iRAT mobility for voice services from LTE to 2G/3G)
SRVCC: Single Radio Voice Call Continuity SVLTE: Simultaneous Voice and LTE

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3

Voice Options Comparison in LTE Environment

Support Support Support

Global Roaming
Support Support Support
E2E QoS Optimization
Support Support Support
Emergency Call
Support Support
Enriched Service
Medium Short long Short
Terminal Battery Life

Time to Market

IMS
SR-VCC
OTT CSFB SVLTE VoLTE over IMS is an ideal long term
solution, it needs large deployment
of LTE sites; CSFB is quick deployed
intermediate solution, it utilizes
GSM UMTS CDMA GSM UMTS CDMA GSM UMTS CDMA CDMA
existing GSM/UMTS coverage

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4

Operators’ View of Voice over LTE

If MNOs aim to provide a non-IMS voice service as well as an LTE data

service to roaming subscribers utilizing an LTE device, then it shall, as
a minimum, support CSFB for voice.

Redirection upon RRCConnectionRelease with SIB (Release 9) shall be

implemented by Q3 2011 （practically will change to Q32012） as a minimum
requirement in the LTE devices and in the LTE and legacy (i.e. GERAN)
networks.

Setup of “Technical Tasks to be performed for IMS/SRVCC” is being

developed in order to allow tracking and resolution of open issues with
regards to target solution in NGMN

Source: NGMN Alliance Delivers Operators’ Agreement to Ensure Roaming for Voice over LTE, press release 02-2010

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 5

LTE Voice Solution in 3GPP & GSMA
Rel-8 Rel-9 Rel-10 Rel-11

CSFB CSFB with SIB

eSRVCC
Semi-Persistent Scheduling
Fast Return after CSFB

rSRVCC
TTI Bundling

Emergency call on VoLTE

aSRVCC
Common IMS

Emergency call w/ SRVCC

SRVCC

Huawei LTE Voice solution also complies with GSMA VoLTE IR.92 and IR.94

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 6

LTE Smartphone Devices increase rapidly
LTE user devices address all market segments Num of LTE Smartphone type
300
214% 261

200 73%

83
100 48

0
Jan-12 Aug-12 Mar-13

261 of 821 devices are LTE Smartphones as announced by March, 2013.

Chipset: Hisilicon, Qualcomm, Samsung, LG, Altair, ST Ericsson, Nokia, Sequans, Wavesat, Infineon;
Device: Huawei, Samsung, Motorola, IPWireless, LG, Nokia, Pantech, Novatel, Zyxel, Sierra, HTC

3GPP Rel 9 Terminal and VoLTE Terminals are available since middle of 2012

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 LTE commercial CSFB smart-phones

Fujitsu Arrows X LTE F-05D HTC Raider™ 4G LTE HTC Vivid LTE smart-phone LG Optimus LTE smart-phone LG Nitro LTE smart-
smart-phone smart-phone Price: $199.99 with a 2-year contract phone

2100MHz 700/AWS/2.1GHz 700MHz/AWS 700/AWS 2100MHz 850MHz 700MHz/AWS

NEC Medias LTE N-04D Pantech HSPA+/LTE Samsung Galaxy S II LTE 700MHz/AWS
(02-2012) smart-phone Price: $249.99 with a 2-year http://www.mobileburn.com/17956/ne
contract (AT&T) 800/1800/2600MHz ws/fcc-filing-of-new-pantech-phone-
suggests-att-lte-on-850mhz-band
850MHz

2100MHz 700/850MHz AWS 2100MHz

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
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 Operators voice over LTE approach and strategies
GSM/UMTS LTE launch LTE CSFB launch date VoIMS over LTE IMS/SR-VCC
Operator date for data (fixed BB solution
services scenario)
09-2011 10-2011 Planning in 2013
2 smart-phones @launch
8+2 smart-phones (02-2012)
09-2011 11-2011 Planning in 2014
2 smart-phone @launch
3 smart-phones in 02-2012
12-2010 Q4-2011 Planning in 2013
3+1 smart-phones @launch
07-2011 10-2011 (1st worldwide) 2012/08 Planning in 2013
2 smart-phones @launch
02-2012 02-2012 Planning in 2014
2 smart-phones @launch
12-2010 03-2012 WiFi/2G/HSPA/LTE Planning in
Germany 1 smart-phone @launch home router 2013H2
Source: Operators’ web sites for commercial services and press releases

CSFB enabled by all LTE Smartphone is the basic solution for

HUAWEILTE voice CO.,
TECHNOLOGIES
HISILICON Global
SEMICONDUCTOR LTD. Roaming. IMS-SRVCC take-up
Page 9 is expected in 2013.
Contents

Why & What LTE Voice

Innovative LTE CSFB Voice Solutions

Huawei LTE CSFB Voice Progress

 CSFB to VoLTE : Ready to embrace new voice era
3GPP 3GPP 3GPP 3GPP Network Elements
Rel-8 Rel-9 Rel-8 Rel-10 need to be
IMS
considered for
HD Voice
VoLTE Deployment
Flash
CSFB &SRVCC eSRVCC
CSFB
3G Core EPC
 Call Setup Delay:  Call Setup Delay:  Call Setup Delay:  <300ms handover
~5 seconds ~3.5 seconds <2 seconds interruption
 Return Time:  Fast Return:  >1s handover interruption
~8 seconds ~0.5 seconds
2G/3G LTE
Commercial Commercial in Commercial in Commercial in
in 2012 end of 2012 early 2013 early 2013

Terminal
100M CSFB handsets will be delivered by 2012, CSFB is mandatory for Operators owning LTE network. Sep. 2012 Oct. 2012 Feb. 2013 2013

Galaxy S3 delivers 20M sets every 100days. 11 of 20 World 1st World 1st 1st
World
IPHONE5 will deliver 40M sets by 2012Q4. SRVCC
Commercial eSRVCC Trial Flash CSFB
trial with
CSFB Networks with TMA Commercial
TO2

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 11

 Network Strategies for Delivering Voice to LTE Subscribers
LTE PS Data VoIP
2G/3G PS Data CS Voice

EPC Core
EPC Core 2G/3G 2G/3G
PS Core CS Core EPC Core 2G/3G 2G/3G
PS Core CS Core

LTE Access LTE Access 2G/3G Access LTE Access 2G/3G Access

1a CSFB Voice
1b OUT of LTE

Initial: Data Only Intermediate Solution: Voice CS Fall Back Target Solution: VoLTE + SRVCC

 Option 1a: To start using CSFB voice solution as an intermediate step

 Option 1b: To migrate to IMS/SRVCC as the target solution when it is available and mature
 Option 2: To straight forward move to IMS/SRVCC (SRVCC supports the LTE+IMS VoIP handover to 2G/3G CS voice when out of LTE
coverage)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 12

CS Fallback Introduction

MME
GSM/UMTS legacy coverage
LTE city based coverage

MSC
Should be in the overlaid Core network requirement:
coverage both of LTE  Reuse traditional GSM/UMTS Core;
and GSM/UMTS.  CS Core software upgrade

Principles Benefits
 Voice fallback to G/U CS in the overlay area of LTE and G/U;
 UE support multi-mode;
 Two options for the pre-existing LTE data service: Quick Low Good
Deployment Cost Experience
 DTM (Dual Transmission Mode) supported by GU: Service
handed over to G/U
 DTM is not supported by GU: Service suspended in LTE;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
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Optimized CSFB with multiple iRAT Mobility Mechanisms

Inter-RAT mobility mechanisms of CSFB

LTE CSFB Enhanced Feature
to GERAN CSFB Methods

R8 CCO with NACC Flash CSFB CSFB with

(R9 redirection with SIBs) Low Latency
R8 PS Handover(incl. Blind HO)
LAI based CSFB

R8 redirection
L2U CSFB CS/PS steering
R9 redirection with SIBs CSFB with
High Reliability

R8 redirection with DMCR Fast Return from G/U

LTE CSFB
to UTRAN

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 14

 CS Fallback: Performance and E2E Impact (UTRAN)

Call Setup
Latency 4.4 ~ 5.04s
5.62 ~ 6.26s Conclusion:
6.58 ~ 7.22s
• Both PS handover and R9 Redirection w/ SIB
Impact on
Success Rate (Flash CSFB) are better realization mechanism
LTE
for CSFB to UTRAN considering latency and
impact for UTRAN and UE.

• 3GPP Rel9 Terminal is needed to support R9

New Impact on Redirection w/ SIB.

Signaling UTRAN
• CSFB with PS HO requires legacy UMTS PS/CS
software upgrade to support PS HO function.
R8 Redirection Terminal
Requirement
PS Handover
R9 Redirection w/ SIB

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
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 CS Fallback: Performance and E2E Impact (GERAN)
Call Setup
Latency 5.4 ~ 8.04s
6.8 ~ 9.44s Conclusion:
8.8 ~ 11.44s
Impact on • R9 Redirection w/ SIB (Flash CSFB) is a better
Success Rate
LTE
realization mechanism for CSFB to GERAN
considering small change to legacy network and
good success rate.

• 3GPP Rel9 Terminal is needed to support R9

New Impact on
Signaling GERAN Redirection w/ SIB

• Current Device chipsets do not support LTE to

GERAN PS handover
R8 Redirection Terminal
Requirement
PS Handover
R9 Redirection w/ SIB

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
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SEMICONDUCTOR Page 16
Low Latency - Flash CSFB (R9 Redirection with SIB)

E2E Network Impact

Core Network
MME SGSN The MSC server and MME need to
support 3GPP Rel-9 RIM procedure
Ascend P1 LTE iPhone 5 Galaxy S3 HTC ONE X

With Popular Terminal Support

LTE
1. RIM (RAN Information Management) Exchanges at eNodeB
initialization.
To pass G/U Freq, Cell Id, SIB to eNodeB
1. RIM
2. Redirection with SIBs (System Information Block)
3. Skip reading SIBs in G/U
Duration of reading SIBs is long as it includes all
G/U neighbor information. UMTS SIB11/12
broadcasts neighboring cells and has up to 3,552
Terminal
bits, skip the reading will save up to 1280ms.
Only R9 Terminal support R9 Flash
CSFB, Available with QC MSM8960 after Saving 1s for UMTS compare with R8 CSFB
2012Q2.
Saving 2s for GSM compare with R8 CSFB
• Huawei eRAN2.2 / GBSS13.0 / RAN14.0 / PS9.1 supported
Flash CSFB to GSM trial with CMCC in Feb. 2013.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
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LAI Based CS Fallback further optimized latency

Scenario 1: Crossing LA Scenario 2: Multi PLMN

LTE Core LTE Core LAI = PLMN + LAC
LA: Location Area
LAI: Location Area Indicator
TA1/LA1 LAC: Location Area Code TA1/LA1
MME LAU: Location Area Update MME
GSM/UMTS TAI: Tracking Area Indicator Operator A G/U
TAI/LAI TAI/LAI
(PLMN+LAC) CSFB to LA1 (PLMN+LAC) CSFB to LA1

Select same LA Select same LA

to CSFB to CSFB

LTE GSM/UMTS LTE Operator B G/U

TA3/LA1 TA2/LA2 TA3/LA1 TA2/LA2

1. Priority to select target GU cells with same LAC as UE registered in GU 1. In LTE RAN Sharing network where G/U is not shared, based on UE IMSI,
network during CSFB. shared MME send the target PLMN to eNodeB in LAI. eNodeB selects target
cell with this PLMN.
CSFB to UMTS without LAU 1~2s 2. Support National Roaming UE to select suitable fallback RAT/Cell bases on
CSFB to UMTS with LAU LAI Indicator among multi-PLMNs.
CSFB to GSM without LAU 2~3s
CSFB to GSM with LAU Latency

The optimized CSFB process of eNB can avoid unnecessary LAU and reduce the CSFB E2E latency 1~3 second(s)

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 Key Factors in CSFB Call Setup Latency
CSFB Call Flow Legacy R8 Redirection Flash CSFB R8 PS HO

LTE Idle to connected transition 0.12 0.12 0.12

IRAT Measurement 0.35 Blind or Not Blind

LTE
Handover 0.63

RRC Release 0.19 0.19

Tune To & Measure 3G/2G Cells 0.43 0.43

Read MIB & SIBs 0.1 0.38 R8 or Flash CSFB

(* up to 1.2s)
2G/3G 3G RRC Connection Setup 0.25 0.25 0.25
“0” when CSFB
Location Update Procedure 2.02 2.02 1.94
Proxy is not used
NAS/E2E Procedures 4.5 6.07 6.07 5.21

Total 4.85 9.46 9.08 8.25

Extra delay 4.61 4.23 3.4 tested in Huawei lab

*The time saving of Flash CSFB depends on the number of G/U neighbor cell. Note: The performance may be different depending on the conditions

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 19

 CSFB User Experience
（fall back to UMTS） （fall back to GSM）
Total call setup time(s) Total call setup time(s)Total call setup time(s)Total call setup time(s)
CS fallback mechanism under under under under
Note: VMSC supports CSMT/CSMO of CSFB standard CSFB proxy of CSFB standard CSFB proxy
deployment deployment deployment deployment
Ultra Flash CSFB LTE call PSTN 3~4s
Flash CSFB LTE call PSTN 3.84 5.04 - -
R9 redirection, LTE call 3G 5.49 6.69 6.85 9.82
idle, blind (*) LTE call LTE 6.09 9.08 7.64 10.23
LTE call PSTN - -
R8 PS HO, idle,
not blind
LTE call 3G 5.6 6.72 No Terminal Support
LTE call LTE 6.14 8.25
LTE call PSTN 4.22 5.42 - -
R8 redirection,
idle, blind
LTE call 3G 5.87 7.07 8.85 11.82
LTE call LTE 6.87 9.46 11.64 14.23
Normal call , 3G call PSTN 3.20 -
no CS fallback 3G call 3G 4.85 6.06
tested in Huawei lab
*The time saving of Flash CSFB depends on the number of G/U neighbor cell. Note: The performance may be different depending on the conditions

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 20

 CSFB Flexible Steering Improve User Experience
LTE
UMTS (data+voice)
Active GSM (voice)
Target
Idle UE RAT By RAT
Separate Steering Settings State

LTE
UMTS F1 Low
Measure Target
Blind CSFB Load
UMTS F2 High
Blind /Measure (U Only)
Based on UE capability Steering By different load
& eNodeB Setting

Target LTE
Freq R99 (voice)
Mechanism (U Only) HSPA (data+voice)
•Flash CSFB
•PS HO By carrier strategy
•Redirection LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN (eRAN6.0)
LOFD-001088 CS Fallback Steering to UTRAN
LOFD-001089 CS Fallback Steering to GERAN • Huawei eRAN6.0 supported

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 21

Flash CSFB: Fast Return to LTE

Normal Return Redirection at CSFB call ends

8s
RRC Connection Release {
Voice end, UE Return
cell reselection …
UE in G/U to LTE
…
Redirection info}

Voice end, UE Return

UE in G/U to LTE
0.5s
Fast Return
• UE is redirected to LTE immediately after CSFB ends
7.5s delay reduced • Huawei GBSS13.0 / RAN14.0 supported fast return
improves the PS service users experience WRFD-140226 Fast Return from UMTS to LTE
GBFD-511312 Fast LTE Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 22

 High CSFB Reliability by supporting multiple mechanisms

High Reliability:
Blind CSFB
w/ PS HO • eNodeB supports multiple mobility mechanisms and
Blind HO Switch
the mechanisms can be set as backup

• PS HO supports lowest call setup latency but it is

CSFB w/
PS HO CSFB Protection not reliable as Redirection.
Timer
• eNodeB uses CSFB with Redirection as protection
when CSFB with PS HO failed.
Blind CSFB
w/ Redirection
• UTRAN with wide coverage is recommended as
target RAT and then GERAN.

100% CSFB success rate at RAN side with CSFB Protection Mechanism

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

CSFB/SRVCC Core Network evolution strategy
CSFB VoLTE (SRVCC)
Standard deployment
Sv
CS enhancement IMS

or modernization SGs

EPC
Co-Registration: UE registered
in both EPC (TA) and MSC (LA), EPC
so CSFB with not cause LAU. VMSC
• Upgrade all MSCs to supportCSFB • Upgrade all MSC to support SRVCC

optional
CSFB VoLTE (SRVCC)
Proxy deployment
Overlay IMS
SGs
EPC
Co-Registration: UE do co- Sv
registration with CSFB proxy CSFB Proxy SRVCC IWF
EPC
only, which causes additional
LAU in first CSFB as target MSC VMSC MSCs
has no UE information. (2.6s for • Deploy MSC-S as CSFB proxy • Proxy is enhanced with SRVCC
U, 5s for G)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 24

Huawei Flexible CSFB Core Network Solution
Option 1 Option 2

CSFB Standard Deployment CSFB Proxy Deployment

upgrade SGs SGs

overlay
MME + MME
Network
Existing MSCs Enhanced MSCs Existing MSCs CSFB Proxy
with CSFB

Upgrade all MSCs to support CSFB Overlay one or one pair of MSC
Standard SGs with MME Standard SGs with MME
Fast delivery, only need to deploy one or one
Lead time is a little longer, need to upgrade all
Delivery pair of MSC. No impact on existing CS core
existing MSCs to support CSFB.
network.
Evolution License upgrade to support SRVCC-IWF/mAGCF/MGCF/IBCF/GMSC/VMSC/TMSC (for ATCA)
First LTE voice network in Hong Kong telecom Fast time to market requirement
market in Feb.2012, increasing brand Call setup time can meet the requirements
Reference
Better user experience Smooth evolution

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 25

 CSFB Feature List for GUL

LTE UMTS GSM Huawei SW Version

R8 CSFB with LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to None eRAN2.1 / RAN13.0 / PS9.1
UTRAN
Redirection / R8 CSFB
with PS HO LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GBFD-511313 CSFB eRAN2.1 / GBSS13.0 / PS9.1
GERAN
Flash CSFB LOFD-001052 Flash CS WRFD-140224 Fast CS eRAN2.2 / RAN14.0 /
Fallback to UTRAN Fallback Based on RIM PS10.0
LOFD-001053 Flash CS GBFD-511308 eNACC eRAN2.2 / GBSS13.0 /
Fallback to GERAN Between GSM and LTE PS10.0
Fast Return to LTE None WRFD-140226 Fast Return RAN14.0
from UMTS to LTE
None GBFD-511312 Fast LTE GBSS13.0
Reselection at 2G CS Call
Release

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 26

 Released
Huawei CSFB Feature Roadmap Planned

Planning

• LOFD- • LOFD- • LOFD- • CSFB with eMPS

001033 CS Fallback to UTRA 001052 Flash CS Fallback t 001088 CS Fallback Steering to UTRA
N o UTRAN N

• LOFD- • LOFD- • LOFD-

001034 CS Fallback to GERA 001053 Flash CS Fallback t 001089 CS Fallback Steering to GERA
N o GERAN N

• LOFD- • LOFD-
001068 CS Fallback with L 001052 Flash CS Fallback to UTRAN
AI to UTRAN enh.(Adaptive blind CSFB)

• LOFD- • LOFD-
001069 CS Fallback with L 001053 Flash CS Fallback to GERA
AI to GERAN N enh.(Adaptive blind CSFB)

• LOFD-001078 E- • LOFD-
UTRAN to UTRAN CS/PS 001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN
Steering enh.(Load based CSFB)

eRAN2.1 eRAN3.0 eRAN6.0 Next Evolutions

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Contents

Why & What LTE Voice

Innovative LTE CSFB Voice Solutions

Huawei LTE CSFB Voice Progress

 Huawei Worldwide CSFB and VoLTE Rollout

Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 May. 2013

World’s 1st CSFB 41of 57
World’s 1st LTE to World’s 1st LTE to
Call with commercial Commercial
UMTS CSFB Call GSM CSFB Call
Smartphone. CSFB Networks

May. 2011 Feb. 2012 2012Q1 2013Q1 Huawei deployed

CSFB Network
World’s 1st Joint VoLTE demo LG U+ VoLTE
SRVCC/eSRVCC
VoLTE Call Show with VDF Commercial Other vendor
In 2012 MWC Network deployed CSFB
Network

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 29

Canada Bell: Blind CSFB LTE commercial network

HTC Raider 4G LTE

2.1G & AWS
4m RRU
Bell's LTE network reaches super-fast maximum download • 700M LTE+850M UMTS
Joint innovation center
speeds of up to 75 Mbps1 (expected average download of • 2T2R &4T4R for AWS LTE build in 2010
12-25 Mbps).

We believe we will make history with Huawei.

Voice Challenge and Need
 90%+ smart phone penetration brings voice demand.
Voice Solution and Benefit
 3800ms to Complete the whole L2U CSFB with blind PS
HO procedure which is close to Native UMTS call.
We are going to build the best network for
Canadians. Certainly Huawei showed that kind of
commitment. They are very cost-effective and
their products are second to none.
-- Mr. Stephen Howe, VP&CTO of Bell Mobility

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 Thank you
www.huawei.com

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