EARTHQUAKE RISK MANAGEMENT

BHUJ, GUJARAT
JANUARY 26, 2001
What is EARTHQUAKE?

• Earthquake refers to the result of a sudden

release of energy in the Earth's crust that
creates seismic waves. It may also refer to
sudden and violent shaking of the ground,
sometimes causing great destruction.
HOW COMMON ARE
EARTHQUAKES?
Magnitude (Richter Scale) Number per Year
0 – 3.4 >800,000
4.9 – 5.4 1400
5.5 – 6.1 500
7.0 – 7.3 15
>8 1 every 10 years
• Date:
January 26, 2001
• Magnitude
7.7 MW
• Depth
16 kilometers (10 mil)
• Epicenter Location
Yellow star marks epicenter
• Countries or regions affected
India
• Intensity
High
Damage caused:
 19,727 believed dead
 166,000 injured
 40,000 homes destroyed
 5.5 billion $ loss of assets
DAMAGES BY BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 2001
 DAMAGES BY BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 2001

5 year old girl recovers at a hospital in Helpless man being trapped

Bhuj on Monday after Friday's massive under debris
earthquake
How to mitigate and manage
the risks from Earthquake?
RISK MANAGEMENT
PROTECTION
Preparing for an Earthquake

Knowledge and Research

1. Become familiar with earthquake terms.
• Aftershocks
• Epicenter
• Fault
• Focus
• Intensity
• Magnitude
• Mercalli Scale
• Tidal wave
• Tsunami
Preparing for an Earthquake

Protection
2. Safeguard your home by:
• Bolting bookshelves, water heaters and cabinets
to wall studs.
• Anchoring things so that they will not move or fall
during an earthquake.
During Earthquake
1. Get under a heavy table or desk and hold on,
or sit or stand against an inside wall.
2. Keep away from windows.
3. Many injuries occur when people act on their
impulse to run.
4. Train yourself to take cover where ever you are.
Responses Inside Buildings
during an Earthquake
1. Drop, cover, and hold on.
2. Get under a table.
3. Do not stand in a doorway. Buildings today have so much
partitioning, much of which is temporary, that many
doorways are actually weak points.
4. If you have nothing to get under, sit down against an interior
wall or next to a chair, holding on if possible.
5. If children are in another room, take cover in the closest
safe place and call to them to do the same.
 Responses If You Are Outside
during an Earthquake
1. Outside, get away from buildings, walls, trees and power lines.
• If you cannot get clear of hazards, getting back inside
a building is better than staying on the sidewalk.
• Sidewalks next to buildings are among the worst places to be.
2. In a car, ease off the accelerator and slow down carefully.
Do not stop on or under overpasses and bridges if you
can avoid them. Be aware of what traffic around you is
doing and act accordingly.
3. If you live in coastal areas, be aware of possible tsunamis.
 Responses After Earthquake
In addition to the basic precautions undertaken after the
earthquake you should:
1. Expect aftershocks.
2. Avoid using vehicles except in emergencies.
3. Check yourself for injuries and protect yourself by putting on
shoes, work gloves and any other protective gear at hand.
4. If the electricity is off, turn on a flashlight
5. Once you are sure that you're all right, check the people
around you for injuries.
• You might ask loudly, "Is everyone okay?" This will
also help calm people.
• The types of injuries that happen most often in an
earthquake include cuts, bruises, fractures and
physiological shock.
Results of Risk Management
2001 Gujarat Earthquake Vs. 2006 Gujarat Earthquake

Gujarat Earthquakes 2001 Earthquake 2006 Earthquake

Date 26-Jan-01 6-Apr-06
Location Gujarat Gujarat
20,000 died No deaths
Around 166,000 Around 40 people were
injured injured.
Damage 5.5 billion $ loss of Around 1 million $ loss of
assets assets
40,000 homes Around 50 homes were
destroyed destroyed
Magnitude range
5.5 - 8 5.5 - 8
(Richter Scale)
After 2001 Earthquakes risk management techniques were adopted by
people of Gujarat. With the help of Knowledge, Protection and Coping, the
damage caused by 2006 Earthquake reduced drastically as compared to
2001 Earthquake
THANK YOU