1.ar. FLW

FRANK LLYOD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
ARCHITECT FRANK LLYOD WRIGHT
MODERNIST ARCHITECT – 1867-1959
 Submitted by :
Ankit
Lokesh
Ashwani
Shahrukh
Himanshu
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE D.C.R.U.S.T MURTHAL

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
ABOUT THE ARCHITECT…
MASTER ARCHITECT
# FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT is
America's most famous architect.
# The development of modern

architecture has been strongly
influenced by the accomplishment
of frank Llyod Wright
# He was an American architect,

interior designer,writer,educator
during his 70-year career.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
# His architecture went through several phases
and focused on such themes as nature
MASTER ARCHITECT
organicism, the Midwestern Prairie, modernism .
# Mr. Wright, in pursuing functionalism,

identified form and function as one and the
same.
# He related the meaning of his work to the

order of nature; his buildings and designs
were metaphors for technology, nature and
democracy
# He discovered the vital difference

between sculpture and architecture,
between volumes on the landscape and
architectural space.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
# Frank Lloyd Wright designed 1,141
buildings, including homes, offices, churches,
schools, libraries, bridges, and museums. Five
hundred and thirty-two of these designs were
completed
# Gifted with an extraordinary four dimensional

imagination he outpaced the modernists by saying,
“They speak, think and work in two dimensions
while idealizing the third and vice-versa.”
Frank Llyod Wright Was the master builder ,

a rebel and a worshipper of nature

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
LIFE EVENTS :
MASTER ARCHITECT
 Date Of Birth : June 8, 1867
Place Born : Richland Center, Wisconsin

Parents : William Cary Wright And
Anna Lloyd-Jones
# He was originally named as Frank

Lincoln Wright, which he later changed
after his parents divorced.
DIED:- April 9, 1959 in Phoenix,
Arizona.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
INFLUENCE WHICH LEAD HIM
MASTER ARCHITECT
TO BE AN ARCHITECT :
# Even before he was born, his mother was
determined to make him into an architect.
# During his schooling in summers he spent on
his Uncle James Lloyd Jones' farm in Spring
Green, Wisconsin, Wright first began to realize
his dream of becoming an architect.
Wright rarely credited any influences on his designs, but

most architects, historians and scholars agree he had five
major influences:

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
1.) FROEBEL GIFT :
MASTER ARCHITECT
# Frank Lloyd Wright regularly cited the influences on his
approach to architecture
# The Froebel method gave Wright the
basis for his fascination with a small
number of geometric shapes, which in
different combinations were used
throughout his architectural career: the
spiral, the sphere and the circle, square,
cube, triangle, and the tetrahedron.
2.) Louis Sullivan, whom he considered to be his
'Lieber Meister' (dear master) :
Wright referred to Sullivan as his Lieber Meister
(beloved master) and was the only architect that Wright
would acknowledge had an influence on him.
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
The basis for Wright’s future work was born out of the idea
and philosophy of Sullivan’s that "form follows function
Wright adapted Sullivan's maxim "Form Follows Function" to
his own revised theory of "Form and Function Are One."
It was Sullivan's belief that

American Architecture
should be based on
American function, not
European traditions, a
theory which Wright later
developed further.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
3.) Nature, particularly shapes/forms and colors/patterns of plant
life :
MASTER ARCHITECT
#Wright believed that by
correlating a building to
nature, the spiritual
condition of mankind could
be elevated.
#He believed that ‘natural’ materials were “friendly “ and beautiful,

but also that the nature of materials was inextricably linked to the
structural of the building
4.) Music (his favorite composer was Ludwig van Beethoven)

#He saw music and architecture as closely related, calling
both "sublimated mathematics."
#He felt that understanding music makes for a better
architect.

# Frank Lloyd Wright's father was a very
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

talented musician. impression that music
MASTER ARCHITECT
made on Frank would last for a lifetime.
5.)Japanese art, prints and buildings…
1905 - journey to Japan
1905 - study of traditional Japanese houses.
Wright was an active dealer in Japanese art, primarily
woodblock prints.
he designed a home, then provided the art to fill it

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
EDUCATION…
MASTER ARCHITECT
# In 1877 the family returned to Madison, Wisconsin where
Wright spent the school years. In 1885 Wright got a job
working for Allen D. Conover, a local builder, and began
.
taking drafting classes at the University of Wisconsin.
# While at the
University, Wright
spent two semesters
studying civil
engineering before
moving to Chicago
in 1887.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
PHILOSOPHIES' AND THEORY'S
MASTER ARCHITECT
# Wright’s concept of organic architecture evolved from
the set of principles in 1890.
# At the age of 86 (1953) Wright revised nine key

words to clarify his meaning of organic architecture.
# The both set of philosophies given by frank Llyod Wright

in different phase of his life were more or less interlinked.
But the basic concept of his designs remain the same that
was organic architecture.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
NINE KEY WORDS OF 1953..
MASTER ARCHITECT
•“nature” which meanst not just living things but was the essence of
materials plans and feelings
•“organic referred to the relationship of parts to the whole
•“form and function “were one, unified
•“romance” was the creative force expressed by each individual
embodied in the form of architecture
•“tradition “did not mean imitating the past ,but implied the sense of
belonging
•“ornament "was the emotional expression that was integral to,
and to be integrated into ,architecture , and which revealed
and enhanced the structure of the building .
•“spirit “was the essential life force within an object
•The “third dimension” was the intrinsic depth of a building
•“space” was the invisible fountain ,from which all rhythm
flows to which they must pass

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
The 6 Principles Of Organic
MASTER ARCHITECT
Architecture…
1. Simplicity And Repose Should Be The
Measure Of Art. Consequently, Buildings
Should Have As Few Rooms As Possible;
Opening Should Be Integrated Into The
Structure And Form, Of The Buildings ,
While Details Like Decoration , Fixtures,
And Furniture Were To Be Integrated Into
The Overall Structure Detail And
Decoration Should Be Reduced.
“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain Form And Function

,From Which All Rhythm Flows To “Were One, Unified
Which They Must Pass.

2. Wrights second principle called
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

for as many different styles of houses
as there were styles of people. This
MASTER ARCHITECT
allowed for client’s individuality. A
multiplicity of styles also meant that
architects no longer had to rely on
historical styles that had dominated
19th century architecture , and which
in America often had no relation to
that country ,s own history
“democracy” –the national

ideal which Wright
“tradition “did not mean defined as the gospel of
imitating the past ,but individuality. Mixing these
implied the sense of ideas with experiments in
belonging technology and building
materials .

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
3.The third principle correlated
MASTER ARCHITECT
nature, topography, and architecture.
Wright said building should appear
to grow easily from its site and be
shaped to harmonize surroundings.
nature” which meanst not “organic referred

just living things but was the to the relationship
essence of materials plans of parts to the
and feelings whole

4.The fourth principle he stated that
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

the colors of buildings should be
MASTER ARCHITECT
derived from nature and should be
adapted to harmonize with the
building materials . It called for
conventionalization, a method of
abstracting form to its essentials, to
“nature” which color and to plant forms as source of
meant not just design form.
living things but 5.The fifth principle called for
was the essence of expressing ‘the nature of
materials plans and materials’. Wood should look like
feelings wood, showing its grain and
natural color, with the same
applying to brick, stone and
plaster. Each material should
show its natural texture, grain, and
color, and not be “disguised” to
look like another material .
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
6.Wright’s sixth principle called for
spiritual integrity in architecture. His
belief that buildings should have
qualities that were analogous to the
human qualities of truth , sincerity ,
and beauty and building should
bring people joy.
“romance” was the creative spirit “was the

force expressed by each essential life force
individual embodied in the within an object
form of architecture

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Fallingwater House For E. Kaufmann
MASTER ARCHITECT
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Built: 1936 - 1939
Architectural style(s): Organic Architecture
One of the world’s most famous houses is

the weekend retreat called Falling water.
Begun in 1936 and completed the
following year, Wright designed the
house for Pittsburgh department store
owner Edgar J. Kaufmann, whose
son, Edgar Jr., was a Taliesin fellow

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Falling water’s floors and roofs are dramatically cantilevered
MASTER ARCHITECT
over the waterfall of Bear Run, a creek in western Pennsylvania.
Falling water celebrates an idea: the

technology ,imagination and nature
when brought together in service of
man can result in great art . it is a
place which was created for
restoration in nature and romantic
notion
“romance” was the creative force expressed by each
individual embodied in the form of architecture
In falling water Wright captured the perfect essence of own
desire to live with the nature
“democracy” –the national ideal which Wright defined
as the gospel of individuality

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Materials.
MASTER ARCHITECT
nature” which meant not just living things but
was the essence of materials plans and feelings
Construction materials used were:-

sandstone, reinforced concrete, glass, and
steel.
The intrinsic quality of each manner in
which it was treated , for e.g. :the pale
color of concrete suggests the earthen
nature of the material.
The stone floors are waxed, while

the hearth is left plain, giving the
impression of dry rocks
protruding from a stream

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
The next most important material is stone.
Stone walls serve to space

concrete slabs the proper
distance apart, and prevent
them from twisting. a
vertical membrane of glass
held in a framework of
steel, painted earth
red.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Executed in reinforced concrete, the
house’s floating planes echo the stream’s
MASTER ARCHITECT
cascading flow. Influenced by music
He proposed originally to cover the

building in gold leaf which would mimic the
color of dying plants and there by connect
the house to the change of seasons and the
passage of time.
the colors of buildings should be derived from nature and should be

adapted to harmonize with the building materials
Windows are framed by steel sashes instead of using large sheets of
glass , Wright choose to emphasize both on the physical presence of
glass and its functions.
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing its
grain and natural color, with the same applying to brick, stone and
plaster. Each material should show its natural texture

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
LIVING SPACES
MASTER ARCHITECT
Nearly half of falling water is terrace or the exterior
space . each of the floor bed rooms has its own
terrace and there are two terraces of the living room
“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain ,From Which All

Rhythm Flows To Which They Must Pass.
Wright’s design makes the interior space of the

house continuous with the outdoors, fusing the
house with its site.
•The strong horizontal and

vertical lines are a distinctive
feature of Fallingwater

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
Interior of Fallingwater
depicting a sitting area with
furnishings designed by Wright
ornament "was the emotional expression that was integral to,

and to be integrated into ,architecture , and which revealed
and enhanced the structure of the building

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
PLANS

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
SECTIONS

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
MASTER ARCHITECT
Established- 1937
Location- 1071 Fifth Ave.,
Upper East Side, New York
City, United States
Type- Art museum
Area- 0.9 acres (0.36 ha)

Built- 1959
Architect: Wright, Frank Lloyd; Cohen, George

Architectural style(s): Modern Movement
At the beginning it was called the Museum of Non-Objective
Painting,
It was completed in 1959, six months after Wright’s death.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
 Wright’s concept is three-dimensional and links the visitor, the picture
and the environment into a single unit such as structure, space and
circulation come together to form a tremendous unity. The continuous
seven-storey ramp is based on the principle of THE UNBROKEN
Wave
The “third dimension” was the intrinsic depth of a building
Its design was inspired by a "Ziggurat" Babylonian temple pyramid,

inverted
 From the street, the building looks like a white ribbon
rolled into a cylindrical shape, slightly wider at the
top than at the bottom. Internally, the galleries form a
spiral. Thus, the visitor sees the work as you walk up
the illuminated spiral ramp
Form And Function “Were One, Unified

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Construction materials used:-
• façade stone
MASTER ARCHITECT
•glass
•titanium
•building structure steel
Design Features :
•The seven-storey building has a spiral form
around an open well, with a huge skylight as a
roof
Form And Function “Were One, Unified
The unique feature of this design is that while

looking at any one painting, all other paintings are
always visible, since the whole exhibition can be
seen at any point on the ramp.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
Special importance to lighting IS
GIVEN. By using both daylight and
artificial light, a three dimensional
effect was created
•The circular form of the spiral adds to the sense of

movement
•The circular, inverted, and truncated conical main space is lit by a
dome and a ground floor is left as an open circular court.
•“space” was the invisible fountain ,from which all

rhythm flows to which they must pass

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MATERIALS
MASTER ARCHITECT
•The main construction material is
concrete in a variety of forms such as
reinforced and sprayed concrete, as the
spiral ramp design depends on the
character of the material.
The materials used in its construction

were basically precast concrete blocks.
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing

its grain and natural color, with the same applying to brick,
stone and plaster. Each material should show its natural texture

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
•A single, self-
supporting, reinforced
concrete spiral beam
forms the structural
system. The flat beam
acts like a continuous
ramp. This ramp is the
architectural space
The white paint used on the internal walls makes the works of
art stand out.
the colors of buildings should be derived from nature and

should be adapted to harmonize with the building materials

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
SPACES
MASTER ARCHITECT
•The Museum Guggenheim
exhibits a great difference to
the buildings in the vicinity
because of its spiral shape,
marked by the merging of
triangles, ovals, arcs, circles
and squares, which correspond
to the concept of organic
architecture used
•The tour begins at the entrance and slowly leads visitors to a path where
the artworks are exposed along a spiral ramp lit by a large
skylight at its zenith divided in the shape of a citrus fruit

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
Wright directs visitors
via a ramp to the top of
the building, and down a
gentle helicoidally ramp
so that almost without
realizing it, the work set
out at different levels is
interconnected, yet
distinct from one another
by a small transitional
space that is almost
imperceptible

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
PLAN AND GROUND FLOOR
MASTER ARCHITECT
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
SECTIONAL VIEW
MASTER ARCHITECT
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
•Open floor plan
•Low pitched roof
•Overhanging eaves
•Horizontal lines
•Central chimney
•Small rows of banded windows
•Art glass

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
ROBEIS HOUSE…
MASTER ARCHITECT
Location: 5757 South Woodlawn
Avenue, Chicago, Cook
County, Illinois, USA
Built: 1909
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
Architectural
Prairie style
style(s):
Designated : September 15, 1971
•One of the best example of prairie style of architecture

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
DESIGN FEATURES :
MASTER ARCHITECT
STRUCTURE
•The projecting cantilevered roof eaves,
continuous bands of art-glass windows, and the
use of Roman brick emphasize the horizontal`
•To emphasize the horizontal of the bricks, the

horizontal joints were filled with a cream-
colored mortar and the small vertical joints
were filled with brick-colored mortar
•From a distance, this complex and expensive tuck pointing creates

an impression of continuous lines of horizontal color and minimizes
the appearance of individual bricks.
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing
its grain and natural color, with the same applying to brick,
stone and plaster. Each material should show its natural texture
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
• The steel structure also eliminates the need for
MASTER ARCHITECT
internal structural columns and walls, accenting
the open plan Wright favored
The steel beams in the ceilings and floors

carrying most of the building's weight to
piers at the east and west ends. As a
result, the exterior walls have little
structural function, and thus are filled with
doors and windows containing art glass
panels.
• A largely steel structure, accounts for the

minimal deflection of the eaves.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
•The design of the art glass windows is an
abstract pattern of colored and clear glass
using 30 and 60-degree angles.
The house contains 174 art glass window and

door panels in 29 different designs.
Wright occasionally designed art glass using
stylized forms from nature, the designs of the
Robie House art glass are simply
abstract geometric forms.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
MASTER ARCHITECT
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Prizes And Awards Of Frank
MASTER ARCHITECT
Lloyd Wright
• 1939 - Royal Institute of British
Architects gold medal
• 1949 - American Institute of
Architects gold medal
•1951 - Major one-man exhibition at
Palazzo Strozzi and gold medal from
the city of Florence
•1951 - Honorary degree from the
University Institute of Venice
•1953 - National Institute of Arts and
Letters gold medal

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
CONCLUSION…
MASTER ARCHITECT
# Frank Lloyd Wright was an architect who was a pioneer in
modern style, and he is considered one of the greatest figures
in architecture in the 20th-century
# Organic architecture was a philosophy created by Wright. It
means that a building should be developed out of its natural
surroundings. Originality was shown in his designs for public
and private structures.
# The particular function of the building, its environment, and
the type of materials employed in the structure should be the
things that ultimately determined the architectural form is what
Wright believed in .
# One of the many fundamental contributions was the
use of building materials for their natural colors s well
as structural characteristics.
THANKS…

1.ar. FLW

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FRANK LLYOD WRIGHT

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE D.C.R.U.S.T MURTHAL

# The development of modern

# He was an American architect,

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

# Mr. Wright, in pursuing functionalism,

# He related the meaning of his work to the

# He discovered the vital difference

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

# Gifted with an extraordinary four dimensional

Frank Llyod Wright Was the master builder ,

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Place Born : Richland Center, Wisconsin

# He was originally named as Frank

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Wright rarely credited any influences on his designs, but

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

It was Sullivan's belief that

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

#He believed that ‘natural’ materials were “friendly “ and beautiful,

4.) Music (his favorite composer was Ludwig van Beethoven)

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

# At the age of 86 (1953) Wright revised nine key

# The both set of philosophies given by frank Llyod Wright

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain Form And Function

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

“democracy” –the national

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

nature” which meanst not “organic referred

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

“romance” was the creative spirit “was the

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

One of the world’s most famous houses is

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Falling water celebrates an idea: the

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Construction materials used were:-

The stone floors are waxed, while

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Stone walls serve to space

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

He proposed originally to cover the

the colors of buildings should be derived from nature and should be

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain ,From Which All

Wright’s design makes the interior space of the

•The strong horizontal and

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

ornament "was the emotional expression that was integral to,

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN THEORY - IV JANUARY 2011 - APRIL 2011

Type- Art museum

Area- 0.9 acres (0.36 ha)

Architect: Wright, Frank Lloyd; Cohen, George