Chapter 5 – Part 3

Solutions to Text book HW

Problems 2, 7, 6
Review: Components in Series

Part 1 Part 2

R1 =.90 R2 =.87

Both parts needed for system to work.

RS = R1 x R2 = (.90) x (.87) =.783

Review: (Some) Components in Parallel

R1 =.93 R2 =.90

RBU =.85
Review: (Some) Components in Parallel

• System has 2 main components plus a BU

Component.
• First component has a BU which is parallel
to it.
• For system to work,
– Both of the main components must work, or
– BU must work if first main component fails
and the second main component must work.
Review: (Some) Components in Parallel

A = Probability that 1st component or its BU

works when needed
B = Probability that 2nd component works or
its BU works when needed
= R2

RS = A x B
Review: (Some) Components in Parallel
A = R1 + [(RBU) x (1 - R1)]
= .93 + [(.85) x (1 - .93)]
= .9895
B = R2 = .90

Rs = A x B
= .9895 x .90
= .8906
 Problem 2
A jet engine has ten components in series.
The average reliability of each component
is.998. What is the reliability of the engine?
 Solution to Problem 2

RS = reliability of the product or system

R1 = reliability of the first component
R2 = reliability of the second component
and so on

RS = (R1) (R2) (R3) . . . (Rn)

 Solution to Problem 2

R1 = R2 = … =R10 = .998
RS = R1 x R2 x … x R10
= (.998) x (.998) x    x (.998)
= (.998)10
=.9802
 Problem 7
• An LCD projector in an office has a main
light bulb with a reliability of .90 and a
backup bulb, the reliability of which is .80.

RBU =.80

R1 =.90
 Solution to Problem 7

RS = R1 + [(RBU) x (1 - R1)]

1 - R1 = Probability of needing BU
component
= Probability that 1st component
fails
 Solution to Problem 7

RS = R1 + [(RBU) x (1 - R1)]
R1 = .90
RS = .90 + [(.80) x (1 - .90)]
= .90 + [(.80) x (.10)]

= .9802 .98 RBU = .80

 Problem 6
What would the reliability of the bank system
above if each of the three components had a
backup with a reliability of .80? How would
the total reliability be different?
 Problem 6

R1 = .90 R2 = .89 R3 = .95

RBU = .80 RBU = .80 RBU = .80

Solution to Problem 6 – With BU
• First BU is in parallel to first component and
so on.
• Convert to a system in series by finding the
probability that each component or its backup
works.
• Then find the reliability of the system.
Solution to Problem 6 – With BU
A = Probability that 1st component or its BU
works when needed
B = Probability that 2nd component or its BU
works when needed
C = Probability that 3rd component or its BU
works when needed
RS = A x B x C
Solution to Problem 6 – With BU

A = R1 + [(RBU) x (1 - R1)]
= .90 + [(.80) x (1 - .90)]
= .98
Solution to Problem 6 – With BU

B = R2 + [(RBU) x (1 - R2)]
= .89 + [(.80) x (1 - .89)]
= .978
Solution to Problem 6 – With BU

C = R3 + [(RBU) x (1 - R3)]
= .95 + [(.80) x (1 - .95)]
= .99
Solution to Problem 6 – With BU

.98 .978 .99

RS = A x B x C
= .98 x .978 x .99
=.9489
Solution to Problem 6– No BUs

R1 = .90 R2 = .89 R3 = .95

RS = R1 x R2 x R3
= (.90) x (.89) x (.95)
= .7610
 Solution to 6 - BU vs. No BU
• Reliability of system with backups =.9489
• Reliability of system with backups =.7610
• Reliability of system with backups is 25%
greater than reliability of system with no
backups:

(.9489 - .7610)/.7610 = .25