Hydraulic Design of Sewerage

System
 Provision of Freeboard in Sewers &
Storm water Drain
• Designed to Carry Maximum Discharge while
flowing ½, 2/3, ¾ Full.
• Sewer Pipe upto 400 dia are designed for
running half Full at Maximum Discharge
• Sewer Pipe more than 400 Dia are desiged for
running 2/3 or ¾ full
 Benefit of Leaving Extra Space in
Sewer Line
• Low Estimate of Flow due to any wrong data
• Large Scale infiltration
• Unforeseen increase in population
• No Overflow of Sewer due to any of the above
condition
 Hydraulic Formula for Determining
Flow Velocity in sewer & Drain
• Manning’s Formula
V=1/n. r2/3.s1/2
Where
V=Velocity of Flow in Channel in m/s
R= Hydraulic Mean radius of Channel (m) =a/p
A= Area of Channel
P= wetted perimeter
For Circular sewer r=D/4 (D=Diameter of pipe)
S= Hydraulic Gradient say 1/100=.01, 1/200=.02
N =Rugosity Coefficient
 Capacity of Sewer

Q (lps) =Area in Sqm x Velocity in

m/s *1000
 Velocity of Sewer
• Minimum Velocity
– Self Cleansing Velocity
• To Avoid Silting
• Must be developed once in a day
• 0.45 m/s
• Sewer Design for 0.8m/s while running full
 Velocity of Sewer
• Scouring Velocity
Partial Flow Condition
 Design of Sewer for partial Flow

• Partial Flow (q)

• Full Flow (Q)
• Calculation of Average Flow in LPS
• Calculation of lean Flow in LPS : 1/3rd of
Average flow
• Calculation of Peak Flow in LPS
– 2, 2.5 or 3 Time the Average flow
q/Q Va/V d/D
0.00 0.28 0.05
0.01 0.30 0.07
0.02 0.40 0.10
0.03 0.46 0.13
0.04 0.51 0.15
0.05 0.53 0.16
0.06 0.55 0.17
0.07 0.59 0.19
0.08 0.61 0.20
0.09 0.63 0.21
0.10 0.65 0.22
0.11 0.67 0.23
0.12 0.69 0.24
0.13 0.70 0.25
0.14 0.71 0.26
0.15 0.73 0.27
0.16 0.74 0.28
0.17 0.75 0.29
0.18 0.76 0.30
0.19 0.78 0.30
0.20 0.78 0.31
0.21 0.79 0.32
0.22 0.80 0.33
0.23 0.81 0.33
0.24 0.83 0.34
0.25 0.83 0.35
0.26 0.84 0.35
0.27 0.85 0.36
0.28 0.86 0.37
0.29 0.87 0.38
0.30 0.88 0.38
0.31 0.88 0.39
0.32 0.89 0.39
0.33 0.90 0.40
0.34 0.91 0.40
0.35 0.92 0.41
0.36 0.92 0.42
0.37 0.93 0.43
0.38 0.93 0.43
0.39 0.94 0.44
0.40 0.94 0.44
Calculation of Rain water Discharge
Q= CiA
• Where
• Q = Runoff in Cum/hr
• A= Catchment Area in Hectare
• I = Intensity of Rainfall in mm/hr (Moderate
value 25mm/hr)
• C = Coefficient of Run off
– 0.8 for building Roads, 0.2 for Green Surface