By Kissi Marwanti

ALTERNATING CURRENT
3.8 Analyze alternating current circuit (AC) and its application
Notation who will used in this chapter
Voltage Current

Instantaneous v i

Average Vm Im

rms Values Vef or Vrms Ief or Irms

Peak to peak Vpp Ipp

 DEFINITION
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which
periodically reverses direction.
 Graph of Voltage and Current on Alternating
Current
(the sine graph)

Function voltage on Alternating Current: Function current on Alternating Current:

V = Vm sin ω t I = Im sin ω t

V = Voltage I = Current
Vm = Maximum Voltage Im = Maximum Current
ω = frequency ω = frequency
t = time t = time
 Light Bulb Turning Off
(Slow Motion - High Speed)
 Graph of Voltage and Current on Alternating
Current
(the phasor diagram)

Function voltage on Alternating Current: Function current on Alternating Current:

V = Vm sin ω t I = Im sin ω t

V = Voltage I = Current
Vm = Maximum Voltage Im = Maximum Current
ω = frequency ω = frequency
t = time t = time
Function Vm, Vrms, Vpp
Vm = Vrms √2 Im = Irms √2
Vrms = Vm / √2 Irms = Im / √2
Vpp = 2Vm Ipp = 2 Im

V = Voltage
Vm = Maximum Voltage
Vrms = root mean square Voltage
Vpp = peak to peak voltage
I = Current
Im = Maximum Current
Irms = root mean square Current
Ipp = peak to peak Current
 EXAMPLE
an alternating voltage source produces a voltage
according to the function
V = 140 sin 120 π t
the root mean square voltage, the peak to peak
voltage and the frequency of the alternating voltage
source are....
ANSWER

Vm = 140 V
ω = 120 π
Vrms = 99 V
f = 60 Hz
Vpp = 280 V
THE END