Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Review Article
• In a preoperative survey,
emesis -> the most undesirable
nausea -> the fourth most undesirable of 10 negativ
e outcomes
(pain -> third)
Overview
• Five limitation
1) epidemiological approach -> genetic and other mo
lecular biological patient characteristics have not b
een extensively examined
2) the difficulty of controlling for subtle clinical factor
s
3) variation in outcomes and data collection methods
(nausea 와 emetic episode 는 pathophysiological d
ifferences
nausea -> subjective feeling and a conscious corti
cal activity
emetic episode -> autonomic reflex, brainstem
에서 조절 )
Stadler et al.
- female gender, nonsmoking status, use of postope
rative morphine analgesia, general versus regional
anesthesia, and urological versus ENT procedures
-> independent predictors of both symptoms
- abdominal or gynecological versus ENT procedure
s and Hx of migraine -> significant or near-signific
ant predictors only for nausea
Scoring systems
Apfel et al
Koivuranta et al.
Elberhart et al.
• 4-item simplified scoring system for children
Van den Bosch et al.
• "semi-simplification »