PERIMETER AND AREA

Vipul Gaurav
RECALLATION
In class IV, we have learnt about Perimeter
and Area. We have learnt about perimeter
of a square, rectangle and area of rough
figures, square and rectangle. We all know
that perimeter of a rectangle is :
2 x (length + breadth)
Perimeter of a square is:
Side x 4
 PERIMETER
What is Perimeter?
Answer : Perimeter is the
distance around a closed
figure. In other words,
Perimeter is the sum of all
sides of a polygon.
Perimeter of a rectangle is :
2 x (length + breadth)
Perimeter of a square is :
4 x side
Let’s find the perimeter of this surface if each
square is equal to one foot.
We will Count the number of sides.

Perimeter = 24 feet
 AREA
• What is Area?
• Answer : Area is the
surface or space occupied
by a figure.
• Area of a rectangle is :
= length x breadth
• Area of a square is :
= side x side
Lets find the area of this surface if each
square is equal to one foot.
Count the number of squares.

1 2
Area = 15 square feet
3

4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14

15
 EXAMPLE : 1
 A door fame of dimensions 3m x
2m is fixed on the wall of
dimension 10m x 10m. Find the
total labour charges of painting
1m of the wall is Rs. 2.50
 Solution: Painting of wall has to

be done removing the area of

door.
Area of door = length x breadth
= 3 x 2m sq. = 6m sq.
Area of wall including door
= side x side = 10m x 10m = 100m
sq.
Area of wall excluding door
=(100-6)m sq. = 94m sq.
Total labour charges = Rs 2.50 x 94
=
Rs. 235
 EXAMPLE : 2
 The area of a rectangular sheet
is 500 cm sq. If the length is
25cm what is the width? Find 25 cm
the perimeter
 Solution: Area of rectangular
sheet is 500cm
Length is 25cm. 20 cm
Area of rectangle is l x b where l
is length and b is width.
b = Area = 500 = 20cm
l 25
Perimeter of sheet is 2 x (l+b)
= 2 x (25+20) cm = 90cm.
Try this one!
Count the
number of
sides to
determine the
perimeter of
this flat
object.

The
perimeter is
equal to 12.
Try this one! Count the
number of
green
squares to
determine
1 2 3 the area of
this surface.
What is the
4 5 6 area?

7 8 9
 CONGRUENCE OF RECTANGLE
 A rectangle of length 6 cm
and breadth 4 cm is divided
into 2 parts. If we superpose 2 cm 4 cm
one part on other see if they
match. (we may have to rotate
them).
They are congruent.
So, the area of each congruent
is half the area of rectangle. 4 cm 2 cm
= ½ x (6x4)cm sq. = 12cm sq.
 AREA OF PARALLELOGRAM

 We come across many shapes

other than squares and
rectangles. Let us find the area
of a parallelogram. Draw a
parallelogram on a graph paper.
Cut it out. Draw a line from one
vertex of it perpendicular to
opposite side. Cut the triangle.
Move the triangle to other side.
We get a rectangle and the area
of it is equal to a parallelogram.
But, the rectangle’s l and b = to
the base and height of
parallelogram. So, area= b x h
Area of Parallelogram

S. No. Base Height Area

1 5 3 5x3=15 sq. units
2 6 8 6x8=48 sq. units
3 8 3 8x3=24 sq. units
4 5 5 5x5=25 sq. units
5 2 9 2x9=18 sq. units
6 9 9 9x9=81 sq. units
 AREA OF TRIANGLE
 Draw and cut 2 scalene
triangles of equal measure.
Then, place them in such a way
so that they become congruent.
The figure forms parallelogram.
 Area of 1 triangle= 1/2 (Area of
parallelogram)
= 1/2 (base x height).
So, all congruent triangles are
equal in area.
Conversion of triangle to
parallelogram
EXAMPLES
 One of the sides and the
corresponding height of
a parallelogram are 4cm
and 3cm respectively.
3 cm
Find the area.
 Solution: Length of
base= 4cm 4 cm
Length of height= 3cm
Area= b x h
= (4 x 3) cm= 12 cm
sq.
Try This!
No. Base Height Area of parallelogram

1 20 cm 12.3 cm 246 cm sq.

2 10.3 cm 15 cm 154.5 cm sq.

3 5.8 cm 8.4 cm 48.72 cm sq.

4 15.6 cm 1.05 cm 16.38 cm sq.

 CIRCUMFERENCE
 The distance around a
circular shape or region is
called circumference.
 The circumference of the
circle is always three
times more than the
diameter.
 Measurement of Circumference
 We infer from this circle radiu diam circu ratio
table that the ratio is
s eter mfer
approximately same.
ence
 The circumference is
always 3 times the
diameter. 1 3.5 7.0 22.0 3.14
 The ratio is constant cm cm cm
and is denoted as pi.
 Ratio is C/d C is 2 7.0 14.0 44.0 3.14
circumference and d is cm cm cm
diameter
 AREA OF CIRCLE
 Draw a circle and shade one half
of the circle. Now fold it into
eighths and cut along the folds.
Arrange the separate pieces
which is roughly a parallelogram.
If we divide the circle in 64
sectors and arrange it gives a
rough rectangle. The breadth of
rectangle is the radius of the
circle. The length is 32 sectors
which is half of circumference.
 So, formula = pi (ratio) x r2