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SUPER CAPACITORS FOR

ENERGY STORAGE

SATENDRA KUMAR
20/09/2018
AcSIR-AMPRI,BHOPAL
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Overview
• Introduction to capacitors

• Current state of supercapacitor technology

• Current applications

• Future applications

• Limitations

• References
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The Capacitor

Figure 1. A basic capacitor [1] Figure 2. A common capacitor design [2]

• Energy stored in an electric field between two conduction plates

• Long life, very low cycling losses
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Mathematical Equations
• Capacitance:

• Energy Density:

• Power Density:

• Current Produced:
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Supercapacitors

Electric Double-
Layer Capacitors
Hybrid Capacitors

Pseudocapacitors
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Types of Supercapacitors

Figure 3. Types of supercapacitors[3]

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Electric Double Layer Capacitor

• EDL formed with
electrode and
electrolyte with solvent
molecules between as
dielectric.
• Store energy by
adsorbing electrolyte Figure 4. A
simplified EDL
ions onto the surface of capacitor [4]
the electrode Figure 5. An
• Fast acting,Low energy example of
EDLC
potential, charge using highly
porous
confined to surface carbon as a
dielectric [5]
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Pseudocapacitor
• Rely on redox reactions
that take place at the
electrode
• Electrode materials
typically made up of
transition metals,
conducting polymers,
or compound with O
and N functional groups
• Higher Energy density
but lower cycling life
Figure 6. Pseudocapacitor [6]
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Supercapacitor
• A combination of EDLC
and pseudocapacitors.
Optimizes power density
of EDLC with energy
density of Figure 7. Energy and Power comparison [7]
pseudocapacitor.

Figure 8.[8]
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Schematic of Supercapacitor

Figure 9. [9]
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Comparison

Table 1. [10]
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Current Applications
• Due to very fast charging and discharge, supercapacitors make
a great tool for regenerative breaking
• Used in cars and with rail in tandem with diesel electric
generators
• In tandem with current batteries to improve lifetime
• Used in grid applications to handle power fluctuations
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Motivation
• Power capabilities
• Environmentally components and raw materials
• Cold weather performance

Current Limitation
• Energy Density

Research Focus
• Graphene electrodes
• Carbon nanotube electrodes
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Any Questions?
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References
[1] http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/capacitor/cap_1.html
[2] http://archive.news.softpedia.com/news/How-
Capacitors-Work-82563.shtml
[3] wikipedia.org
[4] wikipedia.org
[5] Huang, Yi, Jiajie Liang, and Yongsheng Chen. “An
Overview of the Applications of Graphene-Based Materials
in Supercapacitors.” Small 8, no. 12 (June 25, 2012):
1805–34. doi:10.1002/smll.201102635.
[6] wikipedia.org
[7] wikipedia.org
[8] and [9] Review on supercapacitors:Technologies and
materials Ander González,Eider Goikolea,Jon Andoni
Barrena, Roman Mysyk
[10] Review on supercapacitors:Technologies and materials
Ander González,Eider Goikolea,Jon Andoni Barrena,
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THANK YOU