GROUND ANCHORS

Prepared by:
1- Ahmed Yasser Ezzat 13P1084
2- Nada Mohamed Ahmed 13P1026
3- Hazem Emam Ali 13P1082
4- Mohamed Bahaa El-din 13P1040
5- Mariam Cherif Adel 13P7042
 Benefits over Gravity Retaining Walls

• Unobstructed workspace for excavations

• Reduced wall cross section
• No need for temporary excavation support
• No select backfill is needed
• No deep foundation is needed
• Reduced right-of-way (ROW) acquisition.
Applications
Ground Anchor Components
 Ground Anchor Types

Rock + hard to very stiff cohesive soil

Fine cohesionless soil

Cohesive soil

Firm to hard cohesive deposits

 Tendon Material

STRANDS
• No practical load or anchor
length limitations
• Can be manufactured in any
length
BARS
• Available in diameters: 26, 32,
36, 45 , 64 mm
• Lengths up to 18 m
• Design loads up to 2077 KN
(64 mm)
 Anchored Walls (separate)
Soldier Beam with timber lagging
 Anchored Walls (separate)
Soldier Beam with Concrete panels
 Anchored Walls (continuous)
Steel Sheet Pile
 Anchored Walls (continuous)
Secant Pile Wall
Construction
Sequence
concerning
ground
anchors
Subsurface Exploration
 Properties of soil (Lab)
• Classification and Index properties:
• Unit Weight (Earth Pressure)
• Moisture content & Atterberg’s limits (Shear Strength)

• Shear strength:
• Triaxial Compression test
• Direct shear test
• Unconfined compression test

• Consolidation:
• Oedometer test

• Electromechanical criteria
• pH
• Electrical resistivity
• Chloride and sulfate content
 Properties of soil (In-situ)
• Standard penetration test (SPT)
 Properties of soil (In-situ)
• Other tests...
Basic Design Principles (Failure Modes)
Basic Design Principles (Failure Modes)
Contribution of Ground Anchors to Wall
stability
Lateral Earth Pressure
Apparent Earth Pressure Diagram
(Terzaghi and Peck)
Recommended Apparent Pressure For Sand
Calculation of Anchor Loads
(single level)
 Spacing

Spacing between Soldier beams is typically taken 1.5 to 3 m

Calculation of Anchor Loads
(multiple level)
Bending Moment on Wall
(Hinge Method)
Bending Moment on Wall
(Area Method)
 Axial Capacity Design of soldier beams

Driven:

Drilled in:
(cohesionless)