AKBAR

THE GREAT
  Akbar (15 October 1542– 27 October 1605)
 One of the three person to have a suffix of ‘THE GREAT’
to his name.

 He was the third Mughal emperor (1556 to 1605)

 Took the throne at age of 13
INTRODUCTION  His architecture was named Akbari Architecture
 Some examples of this style are Humayun’s Tomb, Agra
Fort, city of Fatehpur Sikri and Akbar’s own tomb.
AKBAR
THE GREAT
  Spreads over an area greater than 20 hectares.
 The foundations of the modern Lahore Fort date to 1566
during the reign of Emperor Akbar.

 Shah Jahan, Jahangir and Aurangzeb did their additions

 After the fall of the Mughal Empire, the Lahore Fort was
used as the residence of Ranjit Singh , founder of
the Sikh Empire.

LAHORE FORT
PAKISTAN
 1 - Lahore Fort Paint Wall (built
1624-32)
2- Shah Burj Quadrangle
3- Kala Burj Tower
4- Lal Burj Tower
5- Mosque
6- Khilawat Khana
7- Shah Jahan Quadrangle
8- Jahangir Quadrangle
9- Hathi Paer Stairs
10- Stables
(not part of original design )
11 - Alamgiri Gate
12- Moti Masjid
13- Maktab Khana
14- Diwan-i Amm Hall
15- Akbari Gate

Plan of Lahore Fort

8 - Jahangir Quadrangle
Construction actually began
during the reign of Jahangir's
8
father, Akbar, but was
completed under Jahangir.
Akbar's influence can be seen
in the use of column brackets
that are carved in the form of
animals--a typical feature of
Akbar's syncretic architecture
15 – Akbari Gate
The Akbari Gate served as the
main entrance to the fort during
the Mughal era. It is physically
less impressive than the Alamgiri
gate.
Its outer facade comprises a
central arch flanked by two semi-
15 octagonal bastions topped with a
crenellated wall
  Built By: Akbar
 Built in the Year: 1573
 Purpose: Main residence of the Mughals
 Area: 380,000 square meter

AGRA FORT
UTTAR PRADESH
 PLAN OF AGRA FORT

1: Delhi Gate, 2: Amar Singh Gate, 3: Diwan-i-Am,

4: Jahangiri Mahal 5: Khas Mahal andAnguri Bagh,
6: Diwan-i-Khas, 7: Moti Masjid, 8: Bazar
  The fort, when viewed from above, has a semicircular shape.
 The base of the fort faces the bank of the river Yamuna.
 The fort stretches for almost 2.5 kilometers.
 Out of the four gates, the Delhi gate and Lahore gate are the most
prominent ones.
 It is made up of red sandstone.
 The arched entrance is flanked by two huge bastions (projecting part
of the fort ) projecting from the wall

Layout of the Fort

  It was the main residence of the Mughal empire.
 Shahjahani Mahal – The Shahjahani Mahal is probably
one of the earliest attempts of Emperor Shah Jahan to
turn a red sandstone palace into a palace of white
marble.

 Akbar’s Mahal – The ruins of Akbar’s famous palace

still remains in the fort. Akbar breathed his last in this
very palace. The entire palace was built using red

Layout of the Fort sandstone.

 Even today, it is regarded as one of Akbar’s
masterpiece.
 It is said that the royal rooms of the fort were built in
such a way that they would remain cool even during the
summer.
the walls were made hollow and then filled with water
from the river, so that they would remain cool.
  It is located in the Agra fort complex.
 The architectural setting of the Jahangiri Mahal is
defined by clarity, simplicity and integrity of its
different components.

 Exquisite surface ornamentation including marble inlay

and intricate geometric and floral patterns.

JHANGIRI MAHAL
AGRA FORT
  Intricate Hindu and Islamic motifs.
 With a complex arrangement of halls, courtyards and
galleries, with dungeons underneath, this was
the zenana or main harem.

 Was used mainly by the Rajput wives of Akbar.

 It is a form of Islamic architecture
 Mughal empress Nur Jahan used this magnificent
palace as her residence until her death on 17
JHANGIRI MAHAL December 1645 .
AGRA FORT
  Built by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1583.
 The fort stands on the banks of the Yamuna.
 Akbar named the fort Illahabas ("blessed by God"),
which later became "Allahabad".
 Akbar's fort was constructed in such a way that it
enclosed the famous Akshayavat tree.
 Largest fort built by Akbar.

Allahabad Fort
Prayagraj,Uttar Pradesh
Fatehpur Sikri
Agra
  3 kilometres (1.9 mi) in length and 1 km (0.62 mi) wide
 Palace city is surrounded by a 6 km (3.7 mi) wall on
three sides with the fourth bordered by a lake.

 The city was built massively and preferably with red

sandstone.
Fatehpur Sikri  The city's architecture reflects both the Hindu and
Agra Muslim form
 The palace contains summer palace and winter palace
for queen jodha.
  540 feet (165 metres) in length.
 One of the largest mosques in India.
 Designs of the mosque reflect beautiful Iranian
architecture.
 Rectangular in shape.
Jama Masjid  It has a large courtyard.
 Marks the phase of transition in Islamic art, as
indigenous architectural elements were blended with
Persian elements.
  Three arched openings framed by panels and crowned
by five chhatris.
 Central mihrab adorned with an inlaid mosaic of stones
that are bordered by glazed tiles

 Golden inscriptions on a royal blue background

 The Buland Darwaza and the Tomb of Salim Chishti are
also a part of the mosque complex.

Jama Masjid
  It is 55 metres (180 ft) high
 Victory arch, to commemorate Akbar's successful
Gujarat campaign

 Red and buff sandstone

 Southern entrance of the city of Fatehpur Sikri.
 Semi octagonal in plan
 The principal arch stands in the centre of three
projecting sides and topped by a dome.
Buland Darwaza
  White marble encased tomb of the Sufi saint, Salim
Chisti (1478–1572)
 Constructed on a platform which is about 1 m. high, a
flight of five steps leading to the entrance portico.

 Tomb is located in the centre of the main hall.

 The plinth is ornamented with mosaics of black and
yellow marble arranged in geometric patterns

Tomb of Salim
Chishti
  The door to the main chamber is intricately carved
with arabesque patterns
 Pierced screens like this
beautiful jali provide light, air, and
privacy to the rooms they enclose.

 The marble building is beautifully

carved, and has an ivory-like
appearance
Tomb of Salim
Chishti
  Design elements of a Buddhist Temple.
 Consisting of four stories of decreasing size arranged
asymmetrically on the ground floor.

 176 columns in all and each is elegantly carved pillars

with unique designs..
 Columns, that originally had jaali (screens) between
them.
 The topmost story has 4 columns supporting a chhattri.
Panch Mahal
  Diwan-i-Aam
 Diwan-i-Khas
 Ibadat Khana
 Anup Talao
Fatehpur Sikri  Mariam-uz-Zamani
 Naubat Khana
 Pachisi Court
 Birbal's House
  Tomb reaches a height of 47 metres (154 ft) and is 91
metres (299 ft) wide.
 The tomb built of rubble masonry and red sandstone.
 The exterior arch, showing niches on two levels.

Humayun’s Tomb
DELHI
  Details of geometrical sandstone and marble pietra
dura inlay patterns over the entrance iwan or high arc,
and the chhatris and small minarets that surround the
white marble central dome

Humayun’s Tomb
DELHI
  The symbolically cut out mihrab
facing west or Mecca, over the
marble lattice jali screen
 The building was first to use its
unique combination of red
sandstone and white marble, and
includes several elements
Humayun’s Tomb of Indian architectural, like the
DELHI small canopies,
or chhatris surrounding the
central dome, popular
in Rajasthani architecture.

 Entrance dome of Humayun's

tomb has beautiful patterns
  30-acre (120,000 m2) Char Bagh (Four Gardens)
 Persian-style garden with quadrilateral layout

Char Bagh
Humayun’sTomb
DELHI
PLAN OH HUMAYUN’S TOMB
COMPLEX