MTNL: An Overview
 Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited is an Indian Government-owned Telephone
service provider in the cities of Mumbai, Thane, New Delhi, and Navi Mumbai.The
company was a monopoly until 2000, when the telecom sector was thrown open to
other service providers. 
 MTNL provides fixed line telephones, cellular connection of both GSM —Dolphin
(Postpaid) and Trump (prepaid).WLL (CDMA) — Garuda-FW , Garuda-Mobile
and internet services through dialup and DSL Broadband on Fixed Line phone. 
 MTNL has also started Games on demand, Video on demand, IPTV and VOIP
services in India through its Broadband Internet service called Triband. 
 Recently addition in services provided by MTNL is its Wireless Broadband Service
—WiFine and 3G Mobile service 3G JADOO.
  
 VoIP
(Voice over Internet Protocol)

 MTNL Landline connection will now provide 4 in 1 Facilities

 A single Telephone line shall enable the customer to use the Normal telephone,
Broadband Internet, TV and VoIP phone simultaneously
 BASIC INFORMATION
•VoIP Service will be available to Broadband Customers of MTNL

•VoIP uses Session Initiation Protocol(SIP) for signaling and Real-time Transport
Protocol (RTP) for transporting voice packets.

•Like HTTP is for Web, SMTP is for email , SIP is for Voice over IP.

•G.729 Audio Codec will be used for Voice Calls. Bandwidth required is
approximately 35Kbps per call(upload & download both)

•Service is being launched on Prepaid basis with monthly rental

•There is no Interconnection between VoIP Switch and any MTNL PSTN

Switch.

• Bandwidth (MBs) used in VoIP Service will not be charged.

 SYSTEM CAPACITY
PRESENT SETUP

•System Capacity is for 50,000 VoIP subscribers

•Maximum Concurrent Call Handling Capacity is 5,000

•Architecture is server based and capacity can be augmented by adding servers

 Facilities on VoIP

 Three Party Conference Call

 Call Forwarding
 G-3 Fax
 PCO
 TYPES OF CALLS FROM VoIP PHONE

1. SIP to SIP LOCAL,NATIONAL,INTERNATIONAL

2. SIP to PSTN ONLY INTERNATIONAL

3. SIP to MOBILE ONLY INTERNATIONAL

 VoIP CALL FLOW

VoIP Soft Switch International

Gateway Overseas
Overseas
Internet
Internet
Mobile
Mobile
Network
Network
Overseas Mobile
User E

MTNL DELHI
MTNL DELHI
BROADBAND Overseas
BROADBAND Overseas
MTNL BOMBAY Landline
NETWORK MTNL BOMBAY Landline
NETWORK BROADBAND
BROADBAND Network
Network
NETWORK
NETWORK
ADSL CPE Overseas
Overseas
Broadband Overseas Landline
Broadband
ADSL CPE ADSL CPE Network User F
ATA Network

ATA
ATA
SIP User C
ADSL CPE
ATA

1. SIP to SIP (Local ) -- User A to User B

SIP User A SIP User B
SIP User D
SIP to SIP (National) -- User A to User C

SIP to SIP (International) -- User A to User D

2. SIP to Mobile (International) -- User A to User E 3. SIP to PSTN (International) -- User A to User F
INTERNET PROTOCOL DIVISION
What is IPTV
 IPTV is television content that, instead of being delivered through traditional
broadcast and cable formats, is received by the viewer through the technologies
used for computer networks.
 It is typically supplied by a service provider using a closed network infrastructure.
 It may be used to deliver television content over corporate LANs.
Architecture of IPTV
 Depending on the network architecture of the Service Provider, there are two main
types of Video Server architectures that can be considered for IPTV
deployment,Centralized, and Distributed.
 The Centralized Architecture model is a relatively simple and easy to manage
solution. It is generally good for a network that provides relatively small VOD
service deployment, has adequate core and edge bandwidth and has an efficient
Content Delivery Network (CDN).
 A Distributed Architecture is just as scalable as the Centralized model, however it
has bandwidth usage advantages and inherent system management features that are
essential for managing a larger server network.
MTNL IPTV Service on Broadband

Service Features:-
 In this service the TV channels are encoded in IP format and delivered to TV using a
Set Top Box. The IP TV Service also includes Video on Demand Services which is
similar to watching Video CD's / DVD's using a VCD / DVD player.
 
 1. Normal Telephone Service
 2. Broadband Internet service
 3. IPTV service
Components:-

The main components in delivering this service are

1. TV and Content Head End - Where the TV channels are received and Also other content
(Video's) are stored at Head End. MTNL has signed agreement for this with M/s IOL
Broadband. encoded.
 
2. Delivery network - Which is MTNL's Broadband network and MTNL's
telephone line ( Landline ).
 
3. Set Top Box (STB) - The Set Top Box is required at the customer location for
the IP signal back to TV signal. The STB shall be connected between
MTNL Broadband Modem and customer's TV. The STB shall be provided by M/s IOL.
 
4. MTNL Landline telephone with Broadband connectivity is required for this
service.
Sample IPTV System:-
IP Video System:-
What is ADSL?
 ADSL stands for Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line

 A transmission technique used on the line from your modem to your service
provider.

 Defines how data can be transmitted from a user’s premises and the local telephone
exchange over the normal telephone wiring(also called local loop by telephone
companies).
ADSL components:

 ADSL Modem
• ADSL modem is connected to the telephone wiring that connects the user to the
local exchange equipment.

• It uses a combination of several advanced signal processing technique in order

to achieve required throughput speeds on ordinary telephone wiring.
 Local loop
 It is the term applied to the ordinary telephone wires that go from a
user’s premises to the telephone company.
Working of ADSL
 ADSL exploits the unused analog bandwidth that is potentially available in the wires
that runs from user’s premises to local exchange.

 The wiring was designed to carry that portion of the frequency spectrum that is
occupied by normal speech.

 However, wires can carry frequencies above this rather limited spectrum. This is the
portion ADSL uses.
 The frequencies carried by local loop and its transmission capacity depends
on:

• Type and thickness of wires

• Number and types of joins in the wire

• Proximity of the wire to other wires carrying ADSL, ISDN and other non
voice signals.

• Proximity of wires to radio transmitters.

How do voice and data co-exist in
ADSL
 Splitters that separate the high frequencies used by ADSL from the low
frequencies used by voice are situated at each end of the loop.

 At the user’s end, low frequencies go to the phone and high frequencies
go to ADSL modem.

 At local exchange, low frequencies go to normal telephone network

while high frequencies go to the service provider.
INT-CC
INT-CC

What is INT-CC ?
• It stands for Customer Care service centre.

• Under the Contact Technologies Excellence Centre (CTEC) customer

service was launched in 2002.

• 260 agents are appointed in this department.

• 300 port IVR System was also deployed for customer self service.

• Key objective was to increase overall customer satisfaction .

 Need for INT-CC:
Large database of 5 million subscribers.

Approx. 250,000 calls per day to be handled.

To provide customer satisfaction.

Intelligent Customer Call Routing using CTI (Computer Telephony

Integration)

Managed Support Service.

 Challenges Faced by INT-CC
Distributed Call Centre operations.

7 different Call Centre locations in Delhi.

Centralized Monitoring and Control.

Web based services.

260 agent seats.

Solution Proposed for INT-CC
Tadiran Coral 5000 switch via a CTI link is used to automate incoming
calls handling process

Subscriber may choose to use self-service offered by IVR System or to

speak with a live Customer Service Agent.

4 IVR Servers, 4 CTI Servers in cluster mode with database server is used.
Integration of incoming calls with MTNL’s billing database.
Centralized control of call centre from one place.

IVR System provides personalized service based on CLI and DNIS

provided by the network.
Features of INT-CC
Synchronized voice and data transfer.

Real time monitoring and control.

Custom reports on system and agent statistics.

CRM integrated with agent application for better response management.

Quicker response to customer queries and requests.

Better customer management.

Broadband Network Operating Centre (NOC)

 Support interactive services like INTERNET.

 Minimum download speed of 256kbps is provided.
 ADSL2+ internet service is provided by NOC to its subscribers.
 ADSL2+ enhances web browsing speed and consumes less power.
 Simultaneous availability of phone and internet is provided on single
telephone line.
 Features of Broadband Service
High speed data download starting from 256kbps to 8Mbps.
Always ON Internet.
No call charges for Internet Usage.
24 Hours helpline.
Telephone will continue to work even in case of power failure at customer
end.
Customer can create his own LAN connection by sharing of Broadband
Connection.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Company that offers its customer’s access to internet.

It connects its customers using a data transmission technology appropriate

for delivering Internet Protocol datagrams, such as dial-up, DSL, cable

modem, wireless or dedicated high speed interconnects.

Provides Internet e-mail accounts to users which allow them to

communicate with each other by sending and receiving electronic messages.
Internet Gateway
It is a network node equipped for interfacing with another network that
uses different protocols.
A gateway contains devices that provide system interoperability.
Interconnects network with different network protocol technologies by
providing protocol conversions.
Also known as protocol converters.
Can operate at any layer of OSI model.
Converts one protocol stack to another.
 INTERNET
 It is a network connecting networks.
 If one network malfunctions, the other can function normally without it.
 It uses TCP/IP Protocol to serve billions of users worldwide.
 Most traditional communication media, such as telephone services, are reshaped
or redefined using the technologies of internet (VoIP, IPTV).
 It has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or
policies for access and usage.
 It is a global data communications system.
 It is hardware and software infrastructure that provides interconnectivity between
computers.
Client and Server

In an internet, application programs are entities that communicate with

each other, not the computer or users.
Application program at Client end, running on local machine, requests a
service from another application program running at server end.
It is a many-to-one relationship.
Server needs to operate at all the time, contrast with client which can
operate only then when needed.
IP Addressing
Each IP address has specific components and follows a basic format.

Can be subdivided to create addresses for subnetworks.

Each host has unique 32-bit logical address which is subdivided in two
parts i.e. the network number and the host number.

32-bit IP address is further grouped into 4 groups of 8 bits each which is

knows as IP Address Format.
 IP Subnetworks
Division of IP Network into smaller networks is subnetwork.

Provides network administrator with several benefits like: flexibility,

efficient use of network addresses and the capability to contain broadcast

traffic.

Subnets are under local administration

Network Devices

Gateway:
Works on all seven layers of OSI and is used to convert
protocols among communication networks.
Network Switch:
Connects network segments.
Processes and routes data at Data Link Layer of OSI model.
Repeater:
Electronic device that receives an input signal and transmits it at
higher level/power.
Used to increase the distance which signal can travel without
degradation
Router:
Connects two or more subnets
Modem:
Derive it’s name from Modulator-Demodulator.
Modulates an analog signal to encode digital information,
and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the
transmitted information.
The goal is to produce a signal that can be easily
transmitted and decoded to reproduce the original digital
data.