OPERATING SYSTEM :

WINDOWS VS UNIX VX LINUX

WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM?

 A program that controls the execution of

application programs
 An interface between applications and
hardware.
 Makes the computer more convenient to use
 Manages the resources of the computer
 Allows resources to be used in an efficient
manner

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Services Provided by the OS

 Program execution
 Access to Input/Output (I/O) devices
 Disks, screens, keyboards, mice
 Printers, cameras, speakers, etc.
 Controlled access to files
 System access
 Sometimes: Program development
 Compilers, editors and debuggers

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Introducing Linux

 Linux was originally built by Linus Torvalds at

the University of Helsinki in 1991.
 Linux is a Unix-like, Kernal-based, fully memory-
protected, multitasking operating system .
 Open Source Operating System.
 Free Software
 Source Code Available
 It runs on a wide range of hardware from PCs to
Macs.
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Introducing UNIX

 Unix is an operating system that is very

popular in universities, companies, big
enterprises etc.
 If an enterprise used massive symmetric
multiprocessing systems, or systems with
more than eight CPUs, they needed to
run UNIX in the past.
UNIX was far more capable in handling all the processes
more effectively than Linux.

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Introducing Windows

 First version of Windows – Windows 3.1

released in 1992 by Microsoft.
 Windows is a GUI based operating system.
 It has powerful networking capabilities, is
multitasking, and extremely user friendly.

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Flavors

WINDOWS
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows Me
Windows 2000
Windows 2003
Windows XP
Windows vista
WINDOW 7
WINDOW
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Fundamental Difference between
Linux, UNIX &Windows

 Linux is an example of Open Source software

development and Free Operating System (OS).
Unix is an operating system that is very popular in
universities, companies, big enterprises etc.
Windows is not freeware ansd is developed by Microsoft
Inc.

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Comparing Applications

 Linux falls short in the number of different

applications available for it.
 There are much more various applications
available for Microsoft since the population
of Window’s users is greater than Linux’s.
Since Microsoft is more popular, the Hardware products
are aimed at the biggest market – Windows, such that the
product would be sold and used widely

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Comparing Applications Cont.

Linux programs distributes freely since they are not

developed by commercial software companies, but
instead are created under the GNU Public License, which
makes the software free.
Linux software lacks the GUI and is therefore not “liked”
by many users.
Windows has its own share of problems – the fact that
some software is not compliant for different versions of
windows(i.e. Windows 95/98) and many times the GUI
concept is overused such that command arguments
cannot be passed to
the program.
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Linux advantages in Kernel and the
OS environment

Linux requires 386 architecture to run.Thus, it is

compatible with any improved architecture such as 486,
Pentium,Pentium Pro, etc
 There are drivers available for much many
types of hardware devices

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Contd.

 Linux program installation seems to be

easier since it only requires a restart when
hardware device has been changed.
 Linux supports multiple copies of the
Kernel on the system such that if an error
is encountered and the Kernel becomes
corrupted, a different copy of the Kernel
can be used to boot up the system.

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Reliability

 OS it must not crash, even under extreme

loads. OS should process requests even if
the operating system or hardware fails.
 Windows seems to be less stable even
though the latest versions of Windows –
2000 and XP are far more improved than
the incredibly buggy Windows 95

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Security

 Linux seems to be more prepared for

protecting itself because of the beginning
developments of Linux, UNIX, and
FreeBSD which were aimed at top notch
security
 Linux allows does not create registry keys
in a way Windows does allowing a user to
browse installed components registry
keys, which contain important information
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Security Contd.

 Linux is more virus proof since viruses –

malicious programs either cannot be run
automatically on the Linux machine, or
simply are not capable of being executed
on a 386 architecture
 Windows is often known for a large
amount of loop holes

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Technical Differences

 Keeping up to date: Linux upgrades faster

than Windows
 Compatibility: Linux is Backward
Compatible unlike Windows.

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Technical Differences

Features Provided:
Both support Dynamic Caching
Both have Multi-user Support
Application differences
No commercial word processor for Linux,
which matches the quality for Windows

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FILE SYSTEM

Implements long-term store

Information stored in named objects
called files
OS typically offers the following file
operations:
creating, deleting, renaming
reading, writing
locking, unlocking

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FILE SYSTEM Contd...

NTFS v EXT3
We have used EXT2 and EXT3 as the
Linux FS due to their popularity
NTFS is the primary XP FS
– Not backwards compatible with Win2k

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