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11151020000098
ANTIBODI MONOKLONAL UNTUK
TERAPI DAN MEKANISME NYA
Uses of MAbS
Diagnostic:
Once monoclonal antibodies are formed against any substance, they
can be used to detect the presence of that substance anywhere in the
body. Few of the examples are:
• Western blot test -to detect a protein on a membrane.
• Immunofluorescence test -to detect a substance in a cell.
• Immunohistochemistry - to detect antigen in fixed tissue sections.
• Immunoprecipitation and affinity chromatography - to purify a
substance.
Therapeutic applications of MAbs :
• Inhibition of allo-immune reactivity
• Inhibition of auto-immune reactivity
• Cancer therapy
Mechanism of action of monoclonal
antibodies in cancer therapy
Monoclonal antibodies induce an immunological response in the body
by binding with extra-cellular domain of receptor involved in cell
growth & proliferation.
Three mechanisms that could be responsible for the cancer treatment.
A. MAbs act directly when binding to a cancer specific antigens and
induce immunological response to cancer cells. Such as inducing
cancer cell apoptosis, inhibiting growth, or interfering with a key
function.
B. MAbs was modified for delivery of a toxin, radioisotope, cytokine
or other active conjugates
C. it is also possible to design bispecific antibodies that can bind with
their Fab regions both to target antigen and to a conjugate or
effector cell
Carter P: Improving the efficacy of antibody-based cancer therapies.
Nat Rev Cancer 2001;1:118-129
ADEPT, antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy; ADCC, antibody
dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; CDC, complement dependent
cytotoxicity; MAb, monoclonal antibody; scFv, single-chain Fv fragment.
Types of MAbs (clinical)
1. Naked MAbs
• ‘Naked’ means these antibodies are not fused to a toxin.
• Naked Monoclonal antibodies can kill cells via a variety of mechanisms,
including: Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC), Complement-
Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC), and direct induction of apoptosis.
• However, the precise clinical mechanisms often remain uncertain