MECHANICAL

FLUID
MADE BY :
1. Nur Rizal (4101418097)
2. Bernadinus Krida Estu Untara (4101418134)
Ideal Fluids
01 Steady: velocity, density and pressure not change in time; no turbulence

02 Incompressible: constant density

03 Nonviscous: no internal friction between adjacent layers

04 Irrotational: no particle rotation about center of mass

 An important property of any
material is its density, defined as its
mass per unit volume.
𝑚
𝜌 = (definition of density)
𝑣
Two objects made of the
same material have the same
DENSITY density even though they may have
different masses and different
volumes. That’s because the ratio of
mass to volume is the same for both
objects.
Material Density (𝒌𝒈/𝒎𝟑 ) Material Density (𝒌𝒈/𝒎𝟑 )
Air (1 atm, 20°𝐶) 1.20 Iron, steel 7.8 × 103
Ethanol 0.81 × 103 Brass 8.6 × 103
Benzene 0.90 × 103 Copper 8.9 × 103
Ice 0.92 × 103 Silver 10.5 × 103
Water 1. 00 × 103 Lead 11.3 × 103
Seawater 1.03 × 103 Mercury 13.6 × 103
Blood 1.06 × 103 Gold 19.3 × 103
Glycerine 1.26 × 103 Platinum 21.4 × 103
Concrete 2 × 103 White dwarf star 1010
Aluminum 2,27 × 103 Neutron star 1018
 LIQUID
PRESSURE
 Pascal’s law: Pressure applied
PASCAL LAW to an enclosed fluid is
transmitted undiminished to
every portion of the fluid and
the walls of the containing
vessel.
𝑭𝟏 𝑭𝟐
𝒑= =
𝑨𝟏 𝑨𝟐
𝑨𝟐
Or 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝟏
𝑨𝟏
EXAMPLE OF
PASCAL LAW
BUOYANT The upward force exerted by a
AND fluid on any immersed object is
called a buoyant force.
ARCHIMEDES The magnitude of the buoyant
force always equals the weight of
the fluid displaced by the object.
This statement is known as
Archimedes’s principle.
𝐵 = 𝜌𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 𝑔𝑉
 This is Bernoulli’s equation as applied to
an ideal fluid. It is often expressed as

This expression shows that the pressure

of a fluid decreases as the speed of the
BERNOULLI fluid increases.
In addition, the pressure decreases as
the elevation increases. This explains
why water pressure from faucets on the
upper floors of a tall building is weak
unless measures are taken to provide
higher pressure for these upper floors.
EXAMPLE PLEASE
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