Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Presented by:
Name: ALISHA CHHABRA(6)
4th SEM
MBA (HRD)
Multinational Corporation; Consumer Electronics Industry
Apple Computer was formed in April 1976 by 25-year-old Steve Wozniak and 21-year-
old Steve Jobs—both college dropouts.
Their goal is to improve the user-friendliness of their products and to encourage an
open-minded approach when developing new technologies and services.
Headquartered in Cupertino, California, USA, Apple Computer operates on a global
scale, with multiple locations world-wide. Apple’s business operations are structured
into three main categories: hardware, software, and business support services.
Within these categories are various divisions, including: Macintosh (computers),
peripherals (Apple TV, digital video displays, etc.), applications (iTunes, iLife, Final
Cut Studio, etc.), internet services (Safari, QuickTime, MobileMe, etc.), and others.
Apple’s strong following of loyal customers and an ever-increasing fan base can be
attributed to the company’s strive to constantly “Think Different,” as their slogan
suggests. The company’s business strategy leverages on their unique ability to
design and develop their own operating system, application software, and
hardware.
Over the last decade, Apple has become the most iconic brand and valuable company
in the world. It stands for innovation — innovation in its technology, design and
product experience. And it has been a magnet for responsible investors, whose
portfolios have been served well by holding the company.
Business Process Re-engineering 2
Q-1) What “major challenges” (from a quality improvement, business
performance, and/or operational perspective) do you anticipate your
organization will be facing between now and the year 2025 ?
Ans. 1
Tough issues around labor and human rights in its relationships with
its suppliers — some of which manage massive workforces in
countries such as China.
Supply chain audits having their limitations and mounting
indications of “audit fatigue” on the part of suppliers.
Escalating customer demands and dominance
Big companies turn to BPR when they notice that they’ve been losing
money and need to stay afloat, but in reality, even small and
midmarket companies can benefit from it. It’s helpful for any and all
kinds of companies to identify unnecessary measures in their
processes—even more so with smaller companies that can’t afford to
be bogged down by needless work.
Q-8) List the key customers of the process you want to re-engineer?
Ans. 8 In communicating Apple’s primary business philosophy to potential employees, Jobs describes
daily life at the company headquarters: Don’t expect business as usual. A lot of big companies are
about endless meetings. Massive bureaucracy. Executive parking spaces. And suits. We don't see
what any of that has to do with great work. So we don't bother. This isn't your cushy corporate nine-
to-fiver. Fortunately. Prepare to be inspired. We've got an environment where you can make things
happen. Fast. There's plenty of open space—and open minds. Collaboration. And of course,
innovation. We also have a shared obsession with getting every last detail right. Leave your neckties,
bring your
Businessideas.26 This strategy has proven successful, and Jobs shows no signs of regret to the 7
Process Re-engineering
ways in which Apple now manages its most unique and valuable assets—its human resources.
Q-9) Briefly summarize the concern of your key customers?
Ans. 9
Increased flexibility in customer support troubleshooting – keyword and product search,
an instant troubleshooting tool and an easily accessible cache of popular support
documents
Mobile device-friendly support apps
Technology support for the entire system
Live chat with Apple experts
Q-10) Formulate two interview questions that determine the customer specific
requirements, needs, and expectations for one of those concerns.
Ans. 10
What sets apart Apple’s customer service?
Apple’s customer services is set apart by the choices we offer our customers—and we’re
going to continue to deliver more choices that give you greater access to the support you
need to keep your technology running.”
What sets apart Apple’s supplier service?
At Apple, we believe that every worker in our supply chain has the right to safe and
ethical working conditions. That’s just not a slogan on our website; it’s something we live
and breathe every single day. And it’s not just the responsibility of my team; it’s also the
responsibility of the hundreds of Apple employees in our factories every single day.
Business Process Re-engineering 8
Q-11) List the organization you would like to benchmark for this process? Describe why
you would choose that organization?
Ans. 11
1. Microsoft
Described as obsessive, impulsive, and overly critical, Steve Jobs truly knows what he
wants, and cultivates his ideas into realities. In a television documentary entitled
“Triumph of the Nerds,” Jobs describes Apple’s largest competitor—Microsoft: The only
problem with Microsoft is they just have no taste. I don’t mean that in a small way. I
mean that in a big way, in the sense that they don’t think of original ideas and they don’t
bring much culture into their products. I have no problem with their success — they've
earned their success for the most part. I have a problem with the fact that they just make
really third-rate products.
Jobs is said to have called Microsoft CEO Bill Gates after the interview was published to
apologize for the harshness of his words. Still, he apparently told Gates that he truly
meant what he had said, and that every word of it was the truth. It is apparent that Jobs
not only cares about the performance of Apple computers, but also the look and feel of
them as well.
2. Pixar
They run a very repeatable blockbuster-movie-making machine. However, failures can
happen – judgments about character and art have to be made and if they’re too far off
instead of a blockbuster you get a dud. But the track record of Pixar is too consistent to
be random chance. And the movies weren’t all inspired/written/executed by the same
creative mind. Again, my external view tells me this must be a well-formulated process –
one that is less likely to fail than the traditional “make a movie on gut alone” approach…
Business Process Re-engineering 9
Q-12) List the major tasks in the process?
Ans. 12
Minimizing the number of external factors that can affect production – while
simultaneously strengthening the relationship between customer service data and
research and development practices
Streamline what you do well and do it better than anyone else
Stay true to your corporate mission statement and design integrity
Consolidate resources and outsource when necessary or appropriate
Pare down inventory spending
Create strong partnerships
Implement increased marketing and branding strategy
Improve communication across all sectors of the company
Lead with innovation
Exercising strong leadership to understand the short-term and long-range goals needed
to support sustainable growth ensuring that each member’s skills, education and
experience cover a core of capabilities
Spending a lot of time with my team in the factories talking to managers and attending
audits.
Joining the Fair Labor Association and strengthening its policies and management
systems in recent years.
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Recycling initiatives implemented in 95% of the countries that sell our products.
SOURCE: https://goo.gl/images/rLhYQi
• Step 3: Identify whether a vertical platform (for purposes of our discussion, think web application or cloud application platform
for either buying, storing, trading, etc.) can provide a compelling, competitive advantage. Do any of the existing vendors offer a
decent platform? Is the integrated experience a good one? Does it create long-term lock-in? Does it allow for easily migrating
hardware devices while retaining your relationship to the vertical platform?
• Step 4: In the labs, design prototype devices that emphasize simplicity and elegance (as currently defined), and evoke the Apple
brand. In all but the most basic functions, trade-off simplicity of look and use over additional functionality. Make this an IT lust
item, a fashion accessory, such that the exact number of MB and knobs and twiddles are less important than how it feels in your
hand or looks while you use it in public. Do not recreate the original brick cell phone!
We think it’s really important to talk to our friends, our critics and our partners about the
work that we are doing, because hopefully we can inform them and they can inform us, and
we’ll improve.
Q-19) What jobs will be impacted by your re-engineering effort? List them.
Ans. 19
1. Identify where you are vs. where you want to be
2. Form a reengineering team
3. Point out a specific process to improve on
4. Analyze the process
5. Reform the process through the use of information technology
Business Process Re-engineering 16
Q-20) List all the people and areas that will be impacted by your process re-
engineering effort and explain how.
Ans. 20
Unlike business process management (BPM) and business process improvement
(BPI), which require minimal revisions on current operations, BPR demands
commitment to implementing radical changes over a period of time, but the
benefits are far greater. Through BPR, you can:
Cut costs of production by removing unproductive activities
Shorten cycle times through the introduction of simpler and more streamlined
operations
Improve product quality and employee satisfaction by creating systems that
allow each person to take ownership of their work.
Q-21) Check the emotions you expect from employees during implementation of
the new process.
Ans. 21
“Change can be frightening, and the temptation is often to resist it. But change
almost always provides opportunities—to learn new things, to rethink tired
processes, and to improve the way we work.” – Klaus Schwab, founder and
executive chairman of the World Economic Forum
Q-23) Describe how you will implement your process re-engineering effort on a “trial-run” basis.
Ans. 23
A drastic redesign of business practices can lower production costs and improve the quality of service to
the consumer, and that information technology plays an integral role in executing this big change. This is
the key concept behind BPR.
A company on the verge of reengineering will rely heavily on its employees to carry out the desired
change. Make your team understand why a revamp is necessary to a company’s growth and survival, and
how sticking to the same procedures may lead to negative outcomes. In the same breath, set a tangible
goal for them to measure their efforts against. Providing a clear vision of where the company should be
will help them know what they’re working toward and give them a much-needed boost during more
challenging times of the transition.
Seeing BPR through successful and beneficial completion relies heavily on successful ERP implementation.
Without dependable software, introducing changes to business processes will require a lot of manpower,
which can result in inconsistencies and failure to overhaul the organisation. Conversely, to make ERP
software work for you, you’ll need all the information you’ve gathered through successful BPR. From this,
you can choose an ERP that can facilitate process improvement and reengineering, and at the same time
provide opportunities
Business for collaboration among different business functions under a centralised system.18
Process Re-engineering
Q-24) How do you propose to evaluate your data?
Ans. 24
I want metrics. I want metrics that will show if I’m improving or not improving.
That allows us to use the audits as a core component of a supplier’s scorecard.
Apple has truly put the “personal” in personal computing.
The company realizes that rather than publicly announcing product development
plans years in advance, products are better-received with an “awe” response if
they are simply released when they’re finished as opposed to providing “beta” or
“demo” versions to the public. This is an excellent strategy when the goal is to
keep consumers eager for the latest products and asking, “What could they
possibly improve next?”