Pdisp Piled Raftwebinar

Soil settlement and
structure interaction with

Pdisp and GSA Raft
Oasys
www.oasys-software.com
Today’s Team
Nigel Rees Peter

Business Debney
Development Senior
Manager
Consultant
GoToWebinar Attendee Interface
1. Viewer Window 2. Control Panel
Oasys Software : Concrete Design
Agenda
• Product demonstration
• Pdisp
• GSA Raft
• Questions and Answers
NB: this webinar is designed as an

introduction to Pdisp and GSA Raft and to
provide an overview of functionality. If more is
required then it can be done at a later date on
an individual basis.
Who is Oasys?
• Wholly owned by Arup
• Formed in 1976 to develop software for in-house and
external use
• Most developers are engineers who have moved to
programming
• In recent years have added marketing and sales staff
• Since 2003 have expanded the development team
worldwide
Oasys Customers
Structural software
Geotechnical software
Document Management software
CAD software Sustainability software
Soil Settlement and Structure Interaction with Pdisp
and GSA Raft
Soil settlement and Soil-Structure interaction –
is it a problem?
What structures are affected?
Ground stiffer than structure – No
Structure stiffer than ground – No
Ground & structure similar stiffness

– Yes
Structure sensitive to movement
– Yes
How does Pdisp and GSA Raft work?
What is Pdisp?
• Calculates soil
displacements under
load
• Uses
• Boussinesq (gives
stresses and
displacements in soil)
• Mindlin (gives
displacements only)
What is GSA?
• Structural finite element

analysis
• Linear and non-linear
static
• Vibration
• Buckling
• Bridge loading
• Form finding
• Element design
• Soil-structure interaction
What is GSA Raft?
• Combination of GSA and Pdisp

• Soil-structure interaction:
• Vertical for rafts
• Vertical & Horizontal for piles
• Choice of methods
• Boussinesq (rafts)
• Mindlin (rafts and piles)
• Iterative process
GSA – Pdisp Iteration Solution
1. GSA assumes a spring stiffness

2. GSA analyses to get soil pressures & displacements
Soil pressure: p = f / A
If p < pmin then p = pmin
If p > pmax then p = pmax
3. Pdisp analyses spring forces to get soil settlements

4. GSA calculates new spring stiffnesses from forces &
settlements
5. Repeat from 2 until GSA and Pdisp movements
converged
Soil Data
• Define soil properties in the vertical direction
Etop
Layer 1 m Top level
Ebot
Etop Top level
Layer 2 m
Ebot
Etop Top level
Layer 3 m
Ebot
rigid level – deformation
below is ignored
Soil Data
• Define Soil Zones in plan
Zone 2 (profile j)
Zone 1 (profile i) Zone 3 (profile k)
Schematic view of piled-raft model
raft
Non-linear Springs
piles
Soil
Soil
See next slide
A pile section:
represented by a single node on pile
s y.t
tz
tz sx H
sy
s y.b By
Bx
Non-linear soil springs
• Every nodes on the piles are connected by 3 non-linear

springs to represent the soil non-linear behaviour
immediately around the piles in x, y & z directions. The
non-linear springs are then attached to the ground (soil).
The soil is still considered as elastic media that the
settlements are calculated using Mindlin method
Non-linear springs
with interaction
forces Fx, Fy & Fz
Representing soil:
they all coincide
with the node on
A node on pile
pile
Interaction Forces
• The interaction forces in the non-linear springs will be

the interaction forces between pile and soil
• The interaction forces equal the pile-soil contact stress
times the interaction area, i.e.
Fx  s x Ax
Fy  s y Ay
Fz  t z Az
Pile-Soil Contact Stresses
• The pile-soil contact stresses equal pile-soil interaction

coefficient C times the soil strength, i.e.
s x  cx f x
s y  cy f y
t z  cz f z
Pile-Soil Interaction Coefficient
• The pile-soil interaction coefficient C shown below, is a

function of:
1. The relative displacements between piles and soil at the
relevant pile point
2. The dimensions of the piles c
1.0
d x/By etc
-1.0
Pdisp and GSA Raft in action
Any Questions?
Next Webinars
• Masterclass on
Analysis Stages in
GSA
June 30
http://www.oasys-software.com/support/events.shtml
http://www.oasys-software.com/support/events.shtml
Contact us: oasys@arup.com

Pdisp Piled Raftwebinar

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Pdisp Piled Raftwebinar

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Soil settlement and

structure interaction with

Nigel Rees Peter

Oasys Software : Concrete Design

NB: this webinar is designed as an

Document Management software

CAD software Sustainability software

Ground stiffer than structure – No

Structure stiffer than ground – No

Ground & structure similar stiffness

• Structural finite element

• Combination of GSA and Pdisp

1. GSA assumes a spring stiffness

3. Pdisp analyses spring forces to get soil settlements

• Define soil properties in the vertical direction

• Define Soil Zones in plan

Zone 1 (profile i) Zone 3 (profile k)

See next slide

• Every nodes on the piles are connected by 3 non-linear

• The interaction forces in the non-linear springs will be

• The pile-soil contact stresses equal pile-soil interaction

• The pile-soil interaction coefficient C shown below, is a

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