GHS Hazard Communication: Labelling and SDS

Globally Harmonized System of
Classification System of Classification and

Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
Hazard Communication :
Labelling and SDS (1)
One of the objectives of the work
on the Globally Harmonized
System (GHS) is the development
of a harmonized communication
system, including Labelling, Safety
data sheets (SDS) and easily
understandable symbols, based on
classification criteria developed for
the GHS.
HAZARD COMMUNICATION -
LABELLING & SDS 2
GHS
Labelling
LABELLING & SDS 3
Hazard Communication
In the GHS Document 　
 Chapter 1.4 - Hazard Communication : Labelling
• Target audiences
• Comprehensibility
• Comprehensibility testing methodology
• Translation
• Standardization
• Use of non-standardized or supplemental
information
• Updating information
• Confidential business information (CBI)
• Training
• Labelling procedures
LABELLING & SDS 4
Labelling
The harmonized system for hazard communication includes
the appropriate labelling tools to convey information about
each of the hazard classes and categories in the GHS.
The use of symbols, signal words or hazard statements other
than those, which have been assigned to each of the GHS
hazard classes and categories, would be contrary to
harmonization.
Labels communicate the hazard(s) according GHS

classification to target audiences
LABELLING & SDS 5
Labelling : Target audiences
Labels communicate the
hazard(s) according GHS
classification to target audiences
- Workplace
- Consumers
- Emergency responders
- Transport
LABELLING & SDS 6
Labelling : Target audiences (1)
- Workplace
Employers and workers need to
know the hazards specific to the
chemicals used and or handled in
the workplace, as well as information
about the specific protective
measures required to avoid the
adverse effects that might be caused
by those hazards.
LABELLING & SDS 7
- Consumers
The label in most cases is likely to be
the sole source of information readily
available to the consumer.
The label, therefore, will need to be
sufficiently detailed and relevant to
the use of the product.
LABELLING & SDS 8
- Emergency responders
Emergency responders need information
on a range of levels.
To facilitate immediate responses, they
need accurate, detailed and sufficiently
clear information. This applies in the
event of an accident during transportation,
in storage facilities or at workplaces.
LABELLING & SDS 9
- Transport
The UN Recommendations on the
Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model
regulations, cater for a wide range of
target audiences although transport
workers and emergency responders are
the principal ones. Others include
employers, those who offer or accept
dangerous goods for transport or load or
unload packages of dangerous goods
into or from transport vehicles, or freight
containers. HAZARD COMMUNICATION -
LABELLING & SDS 10
Target audiences needs have been identified
 Workplace - Employers and workers need to know the hazards specific to
the chemicals used and or handled in the workplace, as well as information
about the specific protective measures required to avoid the adverse effects
that might be caused by those hazards.
 Consumers - The label in most cases is likely to be the sole source of

information readily available to the consumer. The label, therefore, will need to
be sufficiently detailed and relevant to the use of the product.
 Emergency responders - labels, placards : Emergency responders

need information on a range of levels. To facilitate immediate responses, they
need accurate, detailed and sufficiently clear information. This applies in the
event of an accident during transportation, in storage facilities or at
workplaces.
 Transport - labels, placards, transport documents : The UN

Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations,
cater for a wide range of target audiences although transport workers and
emergency responders are the principal ones. Others include employers,
those who offer or accept dangerous goods for transport or load or unload
packages of dangerous goods into or from transport vehicles, or freight
containers. HAZARD COMMUNICATION -
LABELLING & SDS 11
Labelling Procedures
 Allocation of Label elements
 Reproduction of the symbol
 Reproduction of the Hazard Pictograms
 Signal Words
 Hazard Statements
 Precautionary statements and pictograms
 Product and supplier identification
 Multiple hazards and precedence of information
 Arrangements for presenting the GHS label
elements
 Special labelling arrangements
LABELLING & SDS 12
Label Elements
 Pictograms
GHS Pictogram UN RTDG Pictogram
Pictograms prescribed by the GHS Pictogram for flammable liquid

should have a black symbol on a in the UN Model Regulations
white background with a red frame (Symbol: Flame: Black or White;
sufficiently wide to be clearly Background.
visible.
LABELLING & SDS 13
Labelling
Pictograms : Convey health, physical &
environmental hazard information.
LABELLING & SDS 14
GHS Pictograms
・ Oxidizers ・ Flammables ・ Explosives

・ Organic Peroxides ・ Self Reactives ・ Self Reactives
・ Pyrophorics ・ Organic Peroxides
・ Self-Heating
・ Emits Flammable
Gas
・ Acute Toxicity ・ Corrosives ・ Gases under 　

(severe) 　 pressure
・ Carcinogen ・ Environmental ・ Iriitant

・ Respiratory 　 Toxicity ・ Dermal Sensitizer
Sensitizer ・ Acute Toxicity
・ Reproductive 　 (harmful)
・ Target Organ
Toxicity HAZARD COMMUNICATION - 15
・ Mutagenicity LABELLING & SDS
UN Dangerous Goods Transport Labelling
Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 Class 2, Div. 2.1

Explosives Div. 4 Div. 5 Div. 6 Flammable gases
Class 2 Class 2 　 Class 3 Class Class4,Div.4

Div. 2.2, Div. 2.3 　 Flammable liquids 4,Div.4.1 .2
Non Toxic Flammable Spontaneou
flammabl gases solids s
e combustion
non toxic
gas
　 Class 4, Div. 4.3 Class Class Class Class 8

Emit flammable gases 5,Div.5.1 5,Div.5.2 6,Div.6.1 Corrosive
in contact with water Oxidizing Organic Toxic substances
substances peroxides substances
HAZARD COMMUNICATION - 16
LABELLING & SDS
Labelling
 Signal Words:
“Danger” or “Warning”
are used to emphasis hazard and
indicate the relative of severity of
the hazard.
LABELLING & SDS 17
Labelling
 　 Hazard Statements:
Standard phrased assigned to a hazard
class and category to specified the nature
of the hazard.
　　 Example : Acute Toxicity Oral 　；
– category 1
“ Fatal if swallowed “
– Category 2
“Fatal if swallowed ”
– Category 3
“Toxic if swallowed”
– Category 4
“Harmful if swallowed”
– Category 5
“Maybe harmfulHAZARD COMMUNICATION -
if swallowed”
LABELLING & SDS 18
Label elements 　：　 Example １　（ Acute
toxicity, oral)
(GHS Recommendation Annex １ )
Category Category Category Category Category

1 2 3 4 5
No
Pictograms
Symbol
Signal word
Danger Danger Danger Warning Warning
Fatal if Fatal if Toxic if Harmful if May be

Hazard
statements
swallowed swallowed swallowed Swallowed harmful if
swallowed
LABELLING & SDS
Label elements 　：　 Example ２　
（ Carcinogenicity)
Category 1A Category 1B Category 2
Danger Danger Warning
May cause cancer May cause cancer Suspected of causing

(state route of (state route of cancer (state route of
exposure if it is exposure if it is exposure if it is
conclusively proven conclusively proven conclusively proven
that no other routes that no other routes that no other routes
of exposure cause of exposure cause of exposure cause
the hazard ) the hazard ) the hazard )
LABELLING & SDS
Label elements ： Example 3 　（ Aquatic
toxicity, acute)
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
No symbol No symbol
Warning No signal word No signal word
Very toxic to aquatic Toxic to aquatic life Harmful to aquatic life

life
LABELLING & SDS
Labelling
 Precautionary Statements
GHS label should include appropriate

precautionary information
GHS document contains examples of

precautionary statements which can be used
The intent is to harmonize precautionary

statements in the future 　 as Annex 3 to
“Purple book”
LABELLING & SDS 22
Labelling
 Precautionary statements:
Measures to minimize or prevent
adverse effects.
Example : (GHS Recommendation Annex 3)
A3.3.3.3 Accident caused by ingestion
－ If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately

　　 and show this container or label.
　－ If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the
　　 person is conscious).
　－ If swallowed, and the victim is conscious and
　　 alert, induce vomiting immediately, as directed
　　 by medical personnel.
LABELLING & SDS 23
Sub-Committee of Experts on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (2004/6)
　
DEVELOPMENT OF GUIDANCE FOR IMPLEMENTATION Precautionary Statements (PS) Draft !
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ACUTE TOXICITY - ORAL （ CHAPTER 3.1)
Symbol
Hazard Category 　　　 Signal Word 　　 Hazard Statement Skull and
　 1 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Danger Fatal if swallowed crossbones
　 2 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Danger Fatal if swallowed
Precautionary Statements
Prevention Response Storage Disposal Reference
* Keep out of IF SWALLOWED: * Store locked up. Dispose of this ** Read directions/label/
reach of Immediately call a material and its Safety Data Sheet
children. POISON CONTROL container to ... . before use.
CENTER/doctor ... in accordance with
* Do not eat, local/ Specific treatment is
/physician.
drink or smoke regional/national/ urgent (see ... on this
when using this Show international label)
product. container/label regulation). ... reference to
/Safety Data Sheet Supplemental First Aid
* Wash hands when possible. Instruction.
thoroughly if immediate administration
after Induce vomiting (if of antidote is required.
handling. conscious).
- if knowledge of the
Avoid all chemical indicates
contact. this
action is not
contraindicated.
Give water/nothing * if likely to be used
to ** if likely to be used
drink. by the general commercially.
public.
Give a slurry of HAZARD COMMUNICATION - 24
activated charcoal
LABELLING & SDS
- if ingestion of a
Labelling
 Product Identifier
Name or number used for a hazardous

product on a label or in the SDS.
Unique means by which the substance or

mixture can be identified within the
particular use setting
UN proper shipping name also to be used

on the package when substance or mixture
covered by theHAZARD
UN RTDG
COMMUNICATION -
LABELLING & SDS 25
Labelling
 Supplier Identification:
The name, address and telephone should
be provided on the label.
 Supplemental Information:
non-harmonized information.
LABELLING & SDS 26
Label example
LABELLING & SDS 27
Precedence for the allocation of
symbols (1)
For substances and mixtures

covered by the UN
Recommendations on the
Transport of Dangerous Goods,
Model Regulations, the
precedence of symbols for
physical hazards should follow the
rules of the UN Model Regulations.
LABELLING & SDS 28
symbols (2)
　 For health hazards the following principles
of precedence apply:
(a) if the Skull and crossbones applies,
the Exclamation mark should not appear;
(b) if the Corrosive symbol applies,
the Exclamation mark should not appear
where it is used for skin or eye
irritation;
(c) if the Health hazard symbol appears for
respiratory sensitisation, the Exclamation
mark should not appear where it is used
for skin sensitisation or for skin or eye
irritation. HAZARD COMMUNICATION -
LABELLING & SDS 29
symbols (3)
　 Precedence for allocation of signal

words If the signal word ‘Danger’
applies, the signal word ‘Warning’
should not appear.
LABELLING & SDS 30
symbols
＞ Skin/Eye
irritation
＞ Skin
sensitization,
Skin/Eye irritation
DANGER ＞ WARNING
LABELLING & SDS 31
GHS Label Global Hazexy
Globalethylene
(2-Hazanol ） Product identifier
CAS No. 222-22-2
Pictograms
Danger Signal word
Hazard statements
・ Combustible liquid Hazard statements
・ Harmful if swallowed
・ Toxic in contact with skin
・ Cause serious skin burns and eye irritation
・ Cause serious eye irritation
Supplier:
United Nations Corp. Ltd. Supplier identification
1-1, Peace Ave. Geneva, Switzerland
TEL: 41 22 917 00 000 FAX: 41 22 917 00 000
LABELLING & SDS
LABELLING & SDS 33
LABELLING & SDS 34
GHS
Continue 　！
LABELLING & SDS 35
Globally Harmonized System of
Classification System of Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
Labelling and SDS (2)
GHS PRACTICAL TRAINING - A Technical Assistance for KN-RCI members

Jakarta, March 24 – 26, 2008
GHS
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
LABELLING & SDS 37
Hazard Communication in the
GHS Document
 Chapter 1.5, Hazard communication :
Safety data sheets (SDS)
 Role of the SDS in the GHS
 Criteria for determining whether an SDS

should be produced
 General guidance for compiling a SDS
 SDS format
 SDS contentHAZARD COMMUNICATION -

LABELLING & SDS 38
Role of the SDS in the GHS
SDS should provide comprehensive
information about a chemical substance or
mixture for use in workplace.
Both employers and workers use it as a
source of information about hazards,
including environmental hazards, and to
obtain advice on safety precautions.
LABELLING & SDS 39
SDS Target Audiences
SDS provides an important source of

information for target audiences :
- Workplace (employer and worker)

- Consumers
- Emergency responders (including Poison Centres)
- Transporters – TREM card
- Those involved in the professional use of Pesticides
LABELLING & SDS 40
TREM Card
LABELLING & SDS 41
Criteria for determining
whether a SDS should be
produced
SDS should be produced for all substances
and mixtures which meet the harmonized
criteria for physical, health or environmental
hazards under the GHS and for all mixtures
which contain substances that meet the
criteria for carcinogenic, toxic to reproduction
or specific target organ systemic toxicity in
concentrations exceeding the cut-off limits for
SDS specified by the criteria for mixtures.
LABELLING & SDS 42
When is a SDS required?
SDS should be produced for all
substances and mixtures which
meet the harmonized criteria
under the GHS and for all
mixtures which contain
substances that meet the GHS
criteria exceeding the cut-off
limits for each
hazard class.
General guidance for compiling a
SDS
1.5.3.1 Cut-off values / concentration limits
SDS should be provided based on the generic
cut-off values / concentration limits indicated
in Table 1.5.1 :
LABELLING & SDS 44
Cut-off values/Concentration limits for each health and
environmental hazard class
Cut-off value /
Hazard Class Concentration Limit
Acute Toxicity 　　≧ 1.0%
Skin Corrosion / Irritation 　　≧ 1.0%
Serious damage to eyes / eye irritation 　　≧ 1.0%
Respiratory / Skin Sensitization 　　≧ 1.0%
Mutagenicity: Category 1 ≧0.1%
Mutagenicity: Category 2 　　≧ 1.0%
Carcinogenicity 　　≧ 0.1%
Reproductive Toxicity 　　≧ 0.1%
Specific Target Organ Systemic Toxicity 　　≧ 1.0%
(Single Exposure / Repeat Exposure)
HAZARD COMMUNICATION　　≧
-
Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment
LABELLING & SDS
1.0% 45
Safety Data Sheets
 Primarily workplace use
 16 heading format agreed, similar to the ILO and

ISO format, but sections 2 and 3 reversed
 Minimum additional information specified, where

applicable or available, under the relevant
headings
LABELLING & SDS 46
SDS format (1)
The information in the SDS should be presented using the
following 16 headings in the order given below :
1. Identification
2. Hazard(s) identification
3. Composition / information on igredients
4. First-aid measures
5. Fire-fighting measures
6. Accidental release measures
7. Handling and storage
8. Exposure controls / personal protection
LABELLING & SDS 47
SDS format (2)
9. Physical and chemical properties
10. Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
12. Ecological information
13. Disposal considerations
14. Transport information
15. Regulatory information
16. Other information
A SDS is not a fixed length document. The length of the SDS should
be commensurate with the hazard of the material and the
information available.
LABELLING & SDS 48
Minimum information for a SDS content
(1)
Identification of the ・ GHS product identifier.
1
・ Other means of identification.
substance or mixture
・ Recommended use of the chemical
and of the supplier 　 and restrictions on use.
・ Supplier’s details (including name,
　 address, phone number etc).
・ Emergency phone number.
Hazards identification ・ GHS classification of the

2
substance/mixture and any
　 national or regional information.
・ GHS label elements, including
　 precautionary statements.
・ Other hazards which do not result in
　 classification or are not covered
by the GHS.
LABELLING & SDS 49
(2)
Composition/ Substance
3
・ Chemical identity.
information on
・ Common name, synonyms, etc.
ingredients
・ CAS number, EC number, etc.
・ Impurities and stabilizing additives
NOTE : which are themselves classified
For information on and which contribute to the
ingredients, the competent classification of the substance.
authority rules for CBI take
priority over the rules for Mixture
product identification. ・ The chemical identity and
concentration or concentration
ranges of all ingredients which
are hazardous within the
meaning of the GHS and are
present above their cut-off
levels.
LABELLING & SDS 50
(3)
4 First aid measures ・ Description of necessary measures,
　 subdivided according to the
different routes of exposure, i.e.
inhalation, skin and eye contact
and ingestion.
・ Most important symptoms/effects,
acute and delayed.
・ Indication of immediate medical
attention and special treatment
needed, if necessary.
5 Fire-fighting ・ Suitable (and unsuitable)

measures extinguishing media.
・ Specific hazards arising from the
chemical (e.g. nature of any
hazardous combustion products).
・ Special protective equipment and
precautions for firefighters.
LABELLING & SDS 51
(4)
6 Accidental release ・ Personal precautions, protective
measures 　 equipment and emergency
procedures.
・ Environmental precautions.
・ Methods and materials for
containment and cleaning up
7 Handling and ・ Precautions for safe handling.
storage ・ Conditions for safe storage,
including any incompatibilities.
8 Exposure ・ Control parameters e.g.

controls/personal occupational exposure limit values
or biological limit values.
protection.
・ Appropriate engineering controls.
・ Individual protection measures,
such as personal protective
equipment.
LABELLING & SDS 52
(5)
9 Physical and ・ Appearance (physical state, colour).
chemical properties ・ Odour.
・ Odour threshold.
・ pH.
・ Melting point/freezing point.
・ Initial boiling point and boiling range.
・ Flash point.
・ Evaporation rate.
・ Flammability (solid, gas).
・ Upper/lower flammability or
　 explosive limits.
・ Vapour pressure.
・ Vapour density.
・ Relative density.
・ Solubility(ies).
・ Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water.
・ Auto-ignition temperature.
・ Decomposition temperature.
LABELLING & SDS 53
Minimum information for a SDS content (6)
10 Stability and ・ Chemical stability.
reactivity ・ Possibility of hazardous reactions.
・ Conditions to avoid (e.g. static
　 discharge, shock or vibration).
・ Incompatible materials.
・ Hazardous decomposition
products.
11 Toxicological ・ information on the likely routes of

information exposure (inhalation, ingestion,
skin and eye contact);
・ Symptoms related to the physical,
chemical and toxicological
characteristics;
・ Delayed and immediate effects
and also chronic effects from
short- and long-term exposure;
・ Numerical measures of toxicity
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
(such as -
acute toxicity estimates).
LABELLING & SDS
LABELLING & SDS 54
(7)
12 Ecological ・ Ecotoxicity (aquatic and
information terrestrial,
　 where available).
・ Persistence and degradability.
・ Bioaccumulative potential.
・ Mobility in soil.
・ Other adverse effects.
13 Disposal ・ Description of waste residues

considerations and information on their
　 safe handling and methods of
disposal, including the disposal of
any contaminated packaging.
LABELLING & SDS 55
(8)
14 Transport ・ UN number.
information ・ UN Proper shipping name.
・ Transport Hazard class(es).
・ Packing group, if applicable.
・ Marine pollutant (Yes/No).
・ Special precautions which a user
　 needs to be aware of or needs to
comply with in connection with
transport or conveyance either
within or outside their premises.
15 Regulatory ・ Safety, health and environmental

information regulations specific for the product
in question.
16 Other information ・ References, etc.
Including
information
on preparation andLABELLING & SDS 56
A4.2.5 Other information
requirements
In addition to the minimum information
requirements (see A4.2.4.2), the SDS may also
contain “additional information”. Where a material
has additional relevant and available information
about its nature and/or use, that information
should be included in the SDS (see A4.3.16 for
further advice on additional information
requirements).
LABELLING & SDS 57
Units
Numbers and quantities should be
expressed in units appropriate to the region
into which the product is being supplied. In
general, the International System of Units
(SI) should be used.
LABELLING & SDS 58
Internationally-recognised
standards for SDS
ILO Recommendation 177 　（ 1990 ）
EU SDS Directive 91/155/EEC （ 1991 ）
USA Standard ANSI Z 400.1 　（ 1993 ）
　
ISO SDS Standard 11014-1 　（ 1994 ）
Guidance on the preparation of SDS is
available as Annex 4 to “GHS Purple
book”
LABELLING & SDS 59
GHS SDS (SAFETY DATA SHEET)
FORMAT
1. Identity of manufacturers/ suppliers
2. Hazard (s) identification
3. Composition/information on ingredients
4. First aid measures
5. Fire fighting measures
6. Accidental release measures
7. Handling and storage
8. Exposure control/personal protection
9. Physical and chemical properties
10. Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
12. Ecological information
13. Disposal consideration
14. Transport information
15. Regulatory information
16. Other information
LABELLING & SDS 60
GHS
Hazard Communication
Thank you 　
LABELLING & SDS 61

GHS Hazard Communication: Labelling and SDS

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GHS Hazard Communication: Labelling and SDS

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Globally Harmonized System of

Classification System of Classification and

Labels communicate the hazard(s) according GHS

 Consumers - The label in most cases is likely to be the sole source of

 Emergency responders - labels, placards : Emergency responders

 Transport - labels, placards, transport documents : The UN

GHS Pictogram UN RTDG Pictogram

Pictograms prescribed by the GHS Pictogram for flammable liquid

・ Oxidizers ・ Flammables ・ Explosives

・ Acute Toxicity ・ Corrosives ・ Gases under

・ Carcinogen ・ Environmental ・ Iriitant

Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 Class 2, Div. 2.1

Class 2 Class 2 Class 3 Class Class4,Div.4

Class 4, Div. 4.3 Class Class Class Class 8

Category Category Category Category Category

Fatal if Fatal if Toxic if Harmful if May be

Danger Danger Warning

May cause cancer May cause cancer Suspected of causing

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3

Warning No signal word No signal word

Very toxic to aquatic Toxic to aquatic life Harmful to aquatic life

GHS label should include appropriate

GHS document contains examples of

The intent is to harmonize precautionary

－ If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately

Name or number used for a hazardous

Unique means by which the substance or

UN proper shipping name also to be used

For substances and mixtures

Precedence for allocation of signal

Danger Signal word

GHS PRACTICAL TRAINING - A Technical Assistance for KN-RCI members

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

 Criteria for determining whether an SDS

 SDS contentHAZARD COMMUNICATION -

SDS provides an important source of

- Workplace (employer and worker)

 16 heading format agreed, similar to the ILO and

 Minimum additional information specified, where

Hazards identification ・ GHS classification of the

5 Fire-fighting ・ Suitable (and unsuitable)

8 Exposure ・ Control parameters e.g.

11 Toxicological ・ information on the likely routes of

13 Disposal ・ Description of waste residues

any contaminated packaging.

15 Regulatory ・ Safety, health and environmental

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