Professional Documents
Culture Documents
in oral and
maxillofacial
surgery .
Prepared by; Shakhawan M.
Ali
S.H.O maxillofacial
department
2nd years diploma student
LASER
Light
Amplification by
Stimulated
Emission of
Radiation
The Laser will be named according to
it’s:
1.Active medium.
2.Wave lengths
3.System delivery
4.Emission modes
5.Tissue absorption
6.Clinical applications
LASER TECHNOLOGY
Resonator
LASER MATERIAL
(crystal, gas, dye)
Partially
Reflecting mirror
reflecting mirror
Energy
source
Fundamental Idea on working LASER
4- Brightness.
Types of Laser materials
solid state , gas, dye, and semiconductor.
to as Diode Lasers)
the power.
In low power gas lasers, such as HeNe, the
solid state, or
semiconductor diode).
Laser classification according to the
physical construction.
3. The degree of hazard
Class 3a Do not usually produce a
hazard if viewed only
momentarily, but may present
a hazard if viewed using
collecting optics.
Alexandrit
e CO2
KTP
Ruby Er:YAG
Excimer Argon
488 - 514 Dye Nd:YAG
190 - 390
577-630
Microwaves
10600
x-rays
2940
1064
694
755
cosmic rays TV and
532
radio
waves
Infrared
Ultraviolet Visible
400 700
Properties of laser
radiation :
The following interactions are possible:
carbonization.
fluorescence.
Laser energy converted into heat , Cell explodes with water Debris carbonised by laser energy
superboils intracellular fluid increasing vapor,cellular debris and heat and deposited onto surrounding
intracellular pressure released tissue
Potential uses of laser in oral and
maxillofacial surgery ;
tumors:
CO2:Nd:YAG):
Argon
-Treatment of oral ulcers.
-Frenectomy,and gingivectomy.
-Resin curing.
-Tooth bleaching.
-Gingival troughing, esthetic countering of gingiva.
Holmium :Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet, or
Ho :YAG, Diode (Galliium-Arsenide) laser
& Nd:YAG
-Gingival trouning.
department).
A. Frenectomies
B. Lingual Frenum
C. Maxillary Tuberosity Reduction
D. DENTURE HYPERPLASIA
E. Sulcus Deepening
Laser In The Surgery of The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ):
1- Laser in the Arthroscopic TMJ Surgery
the holmium:YAG (HO:YAG) laser seems to have won approval within the
orthopedic community and has been shown to be effective for the TMJ in the
vreduction of synovial and vascular hyperplasias,
vdébridement of fibrous tissues.
vthe release of the anterior capsule
vreduction of chondomalacia
2-Macro/Microlaser-Arthroplasty of the Temporomandibular Joint
snoring
selected patients with obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome .
Laser Effect on Wound Healing
They include:
Thermal injuries:
Any laser produces heat in the target tissues with an
ideal of instaneous vaporization with out effect on
contiguous tissues.
Correctly controlled and applied laser energy produces a
Explosive Potentials:
Materials with an explosive potential when
Ocular injuries:
The photo-ablative and thermal characteristics of
Surgical site :
There is possibly of augmentation of undesired side effects
of tissue responses and postoperative pain,
comparable to that associated with surgery with a
scalpel, especially if the application of the laser energy is
not exact.
Unfounded concerns:
The aura of new technology may produce unfounded
apprehensions and claims of complications in relation to
laser surgery.
There is no scientific basis for believing lasers could be