ARE YOU A RESPONSIBLE

CITIZEN?
STATE
- is a community of persons more or less
numerous, permanently occupying a
definite portion of territory,
independent, or nearly so, of external
control, possesing an organized
government which the great body of
inhabitants render habitual obedience.
Basic Elements of the State
People
Territory
Government
Sovereignty
People
- Refers to the human beings living within its territory.

a. Citizen – is a member of a democratic country/

political body who enjoys full civil and political
rights and is accorded protection inside and outside
the territory of the state.

b. Alien – a citizen of a country who is residing or

passing through another country.
Filipino Citizens (according to Article IV
of the 1987 Philippine Constitution)
The following are the citizens of the Philippines:

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time

of the adoption of this Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the
Philippines;
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino
mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance to the law.
Territory
- Refers to the fixed portion of the surface of the earth
inhabited by the people of the state.
Modes of Acquiring Territory
 Discovery and Occupation – finding of new
land and permanently residing in it.
 Conquest – annexing of a territory by means of
force
 Cession – annexing of a territory by means of gift,
exchange , or purchase.
 Prescription – owning of a territory by means of
legislation
 Accretion – the increase or decrease of territory due
to natural causes
Rights and Obligations of the State
 The right to exist as a sovereign
political entity.
 The right of independence.
 The right of equality.
 The right of property and domain.
 The right of jurisdiction
 The right of intercourse
Power of the State
Police power
Power of eminent domain
Power of taxation
Police power
- the power of the state to prescribe
laws or regulations to promote
health, education good order,
public safety and general welfare
and convencience of the people.
Power of Eminent Domain
- Also known as the “power of
expropriation”
Power of Eminent Domain
- The power of the state to those to
whom the power has been lawfully
delegated to take private property for
public use upon paying to the owner a
just compensation to be ascertained
according to law.
Power of Taxation
- the power of state to impose
charges upon persons, property,
or property rights, for the use
and support of the government
and to enable it to discharge its
appropriate functions.
The Government
The institution or aggregate of institutions by
which the independent society makes and
carries out those rules of action which are
necessary to enable men to live in a social
state, or which are are imposed upon the
people forming that society by those who
possess the power or authority prescribing
them.
Three Branches of
Philippine Government

Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judiciary Branch
• Overrides veto by two-thirds vote •Interprets laws
•Impeaches officials •Interprets treaties
•Controls appropriations •Decides on
•Reorganizes Executive Department constitutionality of
•Senate approve treaties laws
•Congress confirms appointments Executive
•Vetoes laws
•Calls for special sessions •Nominates judges
•Sends messages to the •Grants pardon or
The Three Branches of
reprieves for
congress CHECKS AND BALANCES
•Party leader Philippine Government
offences
•Suggests legislation

•Interprets laws
•Interprets treaties
•Decides on constitutionality of laws

•Congress confirms appointments Judiciary

•Impeaches judges
•Increases or decreases the number of judges
•Sets up new inferior courts and abolishes old ones
•Regulates the jurisdiction of courts
Legislative
• Overrides veto by two-thirds vote •Interprets laws
•Impeaches officials •Interprets treaties
•Controls appropriations •Decides on
•Reorganizes Executive Department constitutionality of
•Senate approve treaties laws
•Congress confirms appointments Executive

•Vetoes laws
•Calls for special sessions •Nominates judges
•Sends messages to the •Grants pardon or
congress reprieves for
•Party leader offences
•Suggests legislation

•Interprets laws
•Interprets treaties
•Decides on constitutionality of laws

•Congress confirms appointments Judiciary

•Impeaches judges
•Increases or decreases the number of judges
•Sets up new inferior courts and abolishes old ones
•Regulates the jurisdiction of courts
Legislative