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UMTS: System Principles
2
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
UMTS: CDMA Principle
Transmitter side:
A 0 1 0 1
A
+
0 1 0 1 0110
0110100101101001
f
f
„slow“ user narrow Coding with 4-bit key wide
data spectrum -> fast data spectrum
3
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
UMTS: Immunity Against Interference
Receiver side
A A
wideband narrowband
interferer interferer
f f
0110100101101001
+
A A
0110
system
0000111100001111 gain
0 1 0 1
f f
wide decoding with high pass flt. „slow“ user narrow
spectrum 4-bit key (integration) data spectrum
4
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
UMTS: Principle Restrictions
5
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Interference Recognition by Operator
6
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Interference Recognition by Monitoring Service
7
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Investigation: Sequence
Estimated angle
range of interferer
8
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Measurement at base station antenna (1)
Tx/Rx Tx/Rx
Band pass
filter
9
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Measurement at base station antenna (2)
Interfered
station
Neighbour
stations
10
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Common Interference Sources (1)
DECT telephones:
Imported from US (DECT channels reach into UMTS uplink band)
Faulty DECT fixed parts (main emission jumps into UMTS uplink
band)
Identification:
In case of faulty phones spectrum is unlike DECT
Time domain (zero span)
* RBW 1 MHz 1 [T1 ]
Marker 2
* VBW 3 MHz 9.74 dBµV
-52.85 dBm
Ref -20
Ref dBm
72 dBµV * Att
Att 10dB
0 dB * SWT 20.5 ms
100 ms 20.008000 ms
1.975000000 GHz
with largest RBW shows 70
-20 Marker 1 [T1 ]
-52.81 dBm
10ms pulse repetition and 11 PK
PK**
-30
60
10.004000 ms A
2 PK
VIEW 1
-50
40
2
PA
TRG -58.2 dBm PS
-60
30
PRN
-70
20
6DB
3DB
-80 1
10
-90
0
-100
-10
-110
-20
-120
1.9675GHz
Center 1.975 GHz 2.05
10 ms/
MHz/ Span 100 MHz
11
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Common Interference Sources (2)
Antenna amplifiers
High amplification in active antennas may lead to feedback
between output and input
Identification:
Mostly unmodularted carriers
AM-demod: sometimes humming noise
Often not stable
in frequency
12
Thomas Hasenpusch, Bundesnetzagentur 08.06.2019
Common Interference Sources (3)
-80 PRN
-90 3DB
-100
-110
-120
-130
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