ADAPTING BIM FOR AFFORDABLE

HOUSING IN INDIA

Anjuman-I-Islam’s
Prepared by Ashfan Sange
Kalsekar Technical Roll no. 17CEM15
Campus (Anjuman-66)

Under the Guidance of

M.E.(CE&M) DR. R.B. MAGAR
Civil Engineering
Department
2018 1
 Content
Introduction
Aim and Objective of study
Scope of project
GFRG and BIM
Literature Review
Methodology
References

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 INTRODUCTION
Affordable Housing.
Necessity of Affordable Housing in India.
Housing for All 2022 / Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - PMAY
Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum- GFRG
Building Information Modeling-BIM

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 What is Affordable Housing ?
As per the US department of housing and development families paying
more than 30% of their family income for housing are cost burdened and
thus affordable housing means housing for which income is 30% or less.
Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) considers
affordable housing if one has to spend more than 25% of income on it.
For India it can be defined as housing affordable to Economically Weaker
Sections (EWS) and Low Income Group.

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 Need of Affordable housing ?
Growing population day by day.
Fulfill the needs of conventional houses.
Reduction of slums metro Politian areas.
Our country aims that in our near future each and every individual has
his/her shelter for their family.
Development of country.

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 Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana -PMAY
The government has taken an aggressive stance to promote affordable
housing in the country. It launched an initiative in 2015, ‘Housing for All by
2022.’
Goal of building 20 million affordable houses by 31 March 2022.

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PMAY U status analysis.

Houses to be built by 2022 under 20,000,000

the scheme.

Houses completed till August 2018. 834,100

Remaining houses to be built by 19,165,900

2022.

Months remaining (starting Oct’18). 51

Houses to be built per month under 375,802

PMAY (U).

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 Issues in the development of Affordable
housing.
• Scarcity of land
• Lack of marketable land parcels.
• Lack of information
• Rising threshold cost of construction.
• Lack of access to home finance for low income groups.
• Lengthy approval and land use conversion process.
• Lack of clarity in building byelaws and guidelines.
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 Aim and Objective of study
 Enhancing the productivity of the construction process and decrease the
construction cost and duration of the project.
 Reduction in the wastage of materials and other resources.
 Using Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum panels as an alternative for conventional
construction method.
 Providing an affordable housing project strategy using Building Information
Modelling.
 Introducing a 5D model of GFRG affordable building
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 Scope Of Project
Scope :
 The scope of this project is to prepare 5D dimensional affordable building using GFRG panels as an alternative
for conventional building technique with collaboration of BIM for reduction in cost and duration of
construction.
Need:
 Providing affordable housing is a challenge for developing country like India, to meet 2022 PMAY vision.
 There is also a challenge of disposal of industrial waste like gypsum.
 India has nearly 2000 tones/day of gypsum waste generation.
 GFRG are manufactured by using gypsum as a core material.
 GFRG panel housing provide an adequate solutions to the above problems.
 Using BIM to provide single window interface in construction projects.

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 Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum (GFRG) Panel Building
System.
A Revolutionary Building Material
• GFRG/ Rapid wall is a load bearing pre-fabricated walling panel, was
originally developed and used since 1990 in Australia.
• GFRG/ Rapid wall is manufactured using gypsum as a core material.
• GFRG/ Rapid wall is suitable for load bearing construction and as well as
hybrid construction in multi storey building.

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 Definition

• GFRG panels are the composite material of gypsum and glass fiber having an composition
of
Gypsum (Calcium Sulphate) = 89.94%
Glass Fibre = 4-6%
Portland Cement = 1-2%
Sand or Silicious material = 1-5%
GFRG panels are the hollow boards which is been used for the various components of
building
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 GFRG panel may be supplied in any of the
following three grades:
 Class 1- Water Resistant grade panels that may be used for external walls, in
wet areas and/or as floor and wall formwork for concrete filling.
 Class 2- General grade panels that may be used structurally or non-
structurally in dry areas. These panels are generally unsuitable for use as wall
or floor formwork.
 Class 3- Partition grade panels that may only be used as non-structural
internal partition walls in dry areas only.

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 Application of GFRG
• Load-bearing walls in multistorey construction.
• Individual Dwelling Construction.
• Roof Panels.
• As compound wall.

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 Advantages of GFRG
Light Weight
Less Input Material i.e. cement ,sand ,water and steel.
Faster Construction.
More Carpet area.
Less cost of construction: savings in materials i.e. cement ,sand ,water and steel.
Reduction in plastering cost.
Saving in construction time.
Effective use of industrial waste product i.e. gypsum.
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 Disadvantages of GFRG
• Lack of expertise in the existing contractors.
• Extensive planning during design phase needed.
• Requirement of free space and equipment area during construction.
• The GFRG technique needs empty space around the plot so that cranes can
be placed while fixing panels.
• Price advantage only when done on scale.

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 BIM- Building Information Modeling
• According to Kymmel (2008), Building Information Modelling represent the building virtually
where the physical characteristics of the project and all information are contained or attached to the
component of the model.

B I M
Residential Spatial Site
Commercial Elements Architectural
Healthcare Systems Structural
Institutional Quantities MEP Systems
Sports Schedule Sustainability
Entertainment Operations Management

Program - Pre
Design Construction Operations Demolition
ming construction

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Author Name Year Summary

Lakshmi Iyer et al. 2009 Stated that the Dharavi Redevelopment Project-DRP was an ambitious plan to convert. The project estimated cost to
Rs. 21,000 Cr.The 2.23 sq. km Dharavi (551 acres) of Dharavi.Initially dharavi was divided into 12 sectors and later
it was divided into 5 sectors in 2000.

Ghada Ragheb et al. 2016 Gave a brief description on slum life of Dharavi. 106,000 families at an average of 6.2 people per house. 86,000
structures housing. Education Estimated 124 schools Including 4 Municipal Secondary Schools with regular
attending students. Sanitation facilities-162 taps for water, which are usually blocked, 842 toilets.

Tripathi et al. 2016 The study found that recent Government policy statements have indicated that an annual supply of two million new
houses would be required to meet the current shortage of housing in India. They have stated the advantages and
disadvantages of conventional as well as prefabrication construction technology.

Mujeeb & Udhayasakthi 2017 Stated GFRG panel techniques advantage over conventional method of construction. They described briefly
manufacturing process of GFRG panels. They have analysed the 2 storey building in Kochi. They have observed the
construction procedure and techniques which being used for GFRG panels construction. They analyzed the result
which depicted decrease of 61.5% in project cost and 70% of the project duration using GFRG panels.

Paul et al. 2017 They have studied the construction technique of Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum (GFRG) of building constructed by
IIT Madras. They stated that GFRG buildings can completely avoid cement plastering, and uses much less
quantities of steel, cement sand and water compared to conventional buildings. GFRG buildings have the potential
to meet the challenge of providing rapid affordable mass housing. This is an eco-friendly and sustainable building
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system, making use of recycled industrial waste gypsum or natural gypsum and minimising the use of cement, steel,
sand, water and labour input.
Author Name Year Summary
Meher Prasad et al. 2017 The IITM research team has been studied an extensive research on extending the use of GFRG panels as
structural members for all components of the building, including floor slabs and staircases. GFRG building
system has following advantages over conventional building systems, high speed of construction, less cost
of construction, less building weight, 8 to 10 storied buildings can be designed using GFRG panels,
without the need of conventional RC beams and columns, very good finishing of GFRG panels saves the
cost of plastering, less CO2 emission. GFRG panels can be effectively used for the entire superstructure of
a buildings, including all walls, slabs, staircases, parapets, etc.
Reddy et al. 2017 Studied the behavior of GFRG and regular RC of G+5 multi stories building under earth quake. In this
paper a comparison of GFRG building with regular RC. GFRG buildings act similar to RC buildings. But
as displacements keep on increasing with increase in number of storeys. It is suitable to use are GFRG
buildings for small sub-urban areas and also suitable for low rise buildings.
Azhar et al. 2013 They depicted importance of BIM, BIM concept, principal difference between BIM technology and
conventional 3D which enables BIM to ease the construction process. Based on a survey of 31 contracting
firms in the United States they found the following barriers to BIM implementation: 1. Lack of skilled
personnel. 2. High cost to implementation 3. Unwillingness of other stakeholders (e.g. architect, engineer,
contractor) 4. Lack of collaborative work processes and modeling standards. 5. Lack of legal/contractual
agreements.
Sketo et al. 2014 Stated that Building Information Modeling (BIM) is emerging as an innovative way to manage projects.
Building performance and predictability of outcomes are greatly improved by adopting BIM. As the use of
BIM accelerates, collaboration within project teams should increase, which will lead to improved
profitability, reduced costs, better time management and improved customer/client relationships
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Methodology

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The methodology adopted to meet the project objectives are:

1. Literature study, for this the following sources are explored

a. Review of past studies

b. Study of published books June – November 2018 (Status Completed)

c. Study of published papers

2. Collection Of Complete Data i.e. drawings, plans, schedules. February 2019 (Status- In progress)

3. Preparation of 3D model, EPS, WBS, Master Plan schedule February 2019 (Status- In progress)

4. Integrating the model with structure and Integrating the cost with schedule March 2019 (Status- In progress)

5. Analysis of Duration and cost April 2019 (Status-In progress)

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 Software's to be used in project.
Auto Cad 2017: For creating and editing 2D drawings.
For creating and editing 2D drawings.
Autodesk Revit Architecture: For creating 3D models of buildings.
For creating 3D models of buildings.
Primavera: For creating schedule and analysis of cost and progress of work.
For creating schedule and analysis of cost and progress of work.
Autodesk Navisworks55: This tool will be used to give 4D and 5D dimension to
the building model for BIM.
This tool will be used to give 4D and 5D dimension to the building model for BIM.

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 Data Collection
 Dharavi Redevelopment Project-DPR
 Project Implementing Agency – SRA-Slum Rehabilitation Authority.
 Total Land Area- 239 Ha
 Developable area- 151 Ha
 Project Cost- Rs. 21,000 Cr.
 Number of Sectors- 05 sectors.
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 References
• Azar S., Hein M. and Sketo B., “Building Information Modeling (BIM): Benefits, Risk and
Challenges”, McWhorter School of Building Sciences University Aubum, Alabama, Leadership and
management in Engineering,11(3), pp.241-252,2008.
• Azhar S., Khalfan M. and Maqsood T., “Building information modeling (BIM): now and beyond”,
Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 12(4), 15-28, 2012
• Tripathi et al (2016) “Affordable housing requirements and its possible dimensions in India.”
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Volume 3; Issue 4; April
2016; Page No. 342-345.
• Affordable Housing: Policy and practice in India. Science Direct, June 2015.
• BMTPC, Building Materials & Technology Promotion Council Ministry of Housing & Urban
Poverty Alleviation Government of India, PAC No. 1009-S/2012, Issue No. 01, 31, May 2012.
• “Housing for All by 2022” A Big Opportunity in the Making, National Real Estate Development
Council (NAREDCO), Mirae Asset Global Investments, 2017.

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 References
• “Housing for All by 2022” A Big Opportunity in the Making, National Real Estate Development
Council (NAREDCO), Mirae Asset Global Investments, 2017.
• Indian real and construction: Consolidating for growth. “KPMG in Indian Analysis.” September
2018.
• Shinto Paul, Devdas Menon, A. Meher Prasad, P. Gopinathan. “Sustainable, Rapid and Affordable
mass housing using ‘GFRG’ panels.” International Journal of Advances in Mechanical and Civil
Engineering, ISSN: 2394-2827 Volume-4, Issue-3, Jun.-2017.

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Thank You.

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